Vertebral osteomyelitis due to Nocardia in a dog

Vertebral osteomyelitis in a Kelpie crossbred bitch was diagnosed on clinical and radiological grounds. Nocardia spp was isolated from a sample of the infected bone obtained during surgery. Decompressive surgery was performed in an attempt to relieve the pressure of the infected vertebrae on the spinal cord. The contraindication of the use of corticosteroids is emphasised when dealing with back pain of unknown aetiology.     

Renal amyloidosis caused by Ehrlichia canis

An 8 year old, intact female, Old English Sheepdog was presented with lethargy and chronic weight loss of one year duration. The dog suffered from recurrent fever and a mild peripheral lymphadenopathy. Mild thrombocytopenia, monoclonal hyperglobulinemia and positive Ehrlichia canis antibody titer were indicative of Ehrlichiosis. The patient developed proteinuria and renal failure, which suggested the presence of glomerulopathy. Immunohistochemical staining of renal biopsy specimen demonstrated AA amyloidosis. Chronic ehrlichiosis was suspected to be the cause of the dog's renal amyloidosis.     

Vertebral body osteomyelitis in the horse

Over a 4-year period, vertebral body abscess was diagnosed in 5 young cattle. The laboratory findings in most of these cases did not suggest a diagnosis of vertebral body abscess. The most important basis for diagnosis of this condition was a thorough neurologic examination. In 4 cases, necropsy revealed abscesses in the lungs or thoracic cavity as well, suggesting that a history of pneumonia preceding paresis may favor the diagnosis of vertebral body abscess.     

Subcutaneous abscess caused by Clostridium perfringens and osteomyelitis in a dog

A case of a subcutaneous abscess caused by Clostridium perfringens infection in a five-month-old dog is reported in this study. Clinical examination, radiological findings and cytological analysis of abscess fluid were consistent with Clostridium induced disease. Treatment including drainage of the abscess and antibiotic therapy led to rapid clinical improvement. However, despite aggressive medical therapy and proper wound care, the deep soft tissue infection led to osteomyelitis with premature closure of the growth plates of the tibia and secondary bone shortening. Prolonged treatment with metronidazole and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid resulted in an excellent outcome with normal weight bearing.     

犬感染巴氏杆菌致死病例

巴氏杆菌病在兽医学上指由多种巴氏杆菌引起的一种哺乳动物和禽类的共患病的总称。世界各地都存在,很多畜禽都有感染发病诊治经过的报道,而有关犬感染的报道比较少。笔者在临床工作中,发现1例犬因感染巴氏杆菌而死亡的病例,现将经过报告如下：     

Abortion of a sow caused by Pasteurella aerogenes.

Three strains of the Pasteurella aerogenes complex were isolated as sole pathogens from aborted fetuses of a sow aborted at the 12th week of gestation on a farm of 600 sows. Gross pathology showed no characteristic lesions. The isolates were biochemically identical and resembled P. pneumotropica on the basis of their strong indole and urease positivity but they produced gas, were ornithine decarboxylase negative and fermented mannitol but not trehalose. Only a few differences were apparent in biochemical characteristics between the isolated strains and P. aerogenes. They differed from the type strain of P. aerogenes in ornithine decarboxylase activity, indole production and lactose and mannitol fermentation; however, such strains do occur within this heterogeneous species. At the time of abortion the antibody titre of the aborted sow was 1 in 16 when examined with live bacterial suspension and 1 in 128 if boiled antigen was used. Similar strains could not be isolated from the vaginas of aborted sows or pregnant and newly farrowed sows in the same group. The bacteriological, serological and histological findings support the opinion of other workers on the occasional pathogenic nature of P. aerogenes.     

Neutropenia associated with osteomyelitis due to Hepatozoon canis infection in a dog

A 4-year-old, intact male Shiba dog was referred to Yamaguchi University Animal Medical Center, Yamaguchi, Japan, for the following complaints: anorexia, lethargy, intermittent fever, gingival bleeding and abdominal purpura. The dog presented with persistent neutropenia. Histopathological examination of a bone marrow sample revealed round to oval structures that resembled Hepatozoon micromerozoites and formed a "wheel-spoke" pattern. Furthermore, mature neutrophils were observed around these structures. PCR and sequencing using bone marrow aspirate confirmed Hepatozoon canis (H. canis) infection. These findings suggest that the neutropenia observed in this case was associated with osteomyelitis due to H. canis infection. This is the first report of neutropenia associated with H. canis infection. H. canis infection can be included in the differential diagnosis in canine cases of neutropenia in areas where the disease is endemic.     

Endometritis in the mare caused by a Coryneform organism--a case report and experimental studies

Persistent purulent endometritis in a mare was attributed to an unclassified species of Corynebacterium. Following intrauterine infusions of 20% betadine for 5 days the purulent vulval discharge ceased and the mare appeared clinically normal. Based on histological examination of endometrial biopsy samples, the severe acute inflammatory reaction had largely resolved 2 days after therapy. Three maiden mares considered resistant to bacterial endometritis received single intrauterine inoculations of 1.8 X 10(9) colony-forming units of the Corynebacterium species. The uterine response was followed by vaginal speculum examinations, uterine cultures and cytology, and endometrial histology. After an acute inflammatory reaction, each mare had recovered completely within 2 weeks. Most rapid recovery occurred in the mare in estrus at the time of inoculation. Subsequent secondary infections were detected in two mares. The uncertainty of correlations between results obtained by various diagnostic techniques emphasized the problems associated with each. This report illustrates the concept that endometritis in individual mares may relate more to as yet unidentified "mare factors" controlling uterine defense than to primary invasion by bacteria.     

Acute mastitis and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy caused by Pasteurella haemolytica in a cow

Pasteurella haemolytica was found to be the cause of acute mastitis, toxemia, and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy in a cow. Intensive treatment with antibiotics and fluid and heparin administration failed to reverse the progression of the disease, and death resulted. Necropsy revealed extensive evidence of consumptive coagulopathy, as well as mastitis. Pasteurella haemolytica rarely has been implicated as a cause of mastitis in cows.     

Dermal necrosis caused by Pasteurella multocida infection in turkeys

Severe dermal necrosis caused by Pasteurella multocida Serotype 1 was diagnosed in three dressed turkey carcasses and two live turkeys from a commercial flock. The dressed carcasses were among several condemned at a processing plant. The isolate, P. multocida Serotype 1, produced progressive dermal necrosis when experimentally inoculated into injured skin of turkeys. The organism was reisolated from the dermal lesions. The turkey houses were found to be infested by mice; the skin injury and infection with P. multocida probably originated from mouse bites.     

Myasthenia gravis and hypothyroidism in a dog with meningomyelitis

A 12-year-old, spayed female miniature poodle was evaluated because of a 4-day history of paraparesis, dysuria, and tenesmus. Neurological assessment suggested peripheral nervous system dysfunction, predominantly pelvic limb weakness with a possible concurrent sixth lumbar (L(6)) to second sacral (S(2)) myelopathy. Further studies supported the diagnoses of myasthenia gravis, hypothyroidism, and meningomyelitis. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of concurrent myasthenia gravis and meningomyelitis in the dog. It was unclear whether the identified conditions evolved from a shared etiopathogenesis or were merely coincidental.     

The first case of Brucella canis in Sweden: background,case report and recommendations from a northern European perspective

Infection with Brucella canis has been diagnosed in Sweden for the first time. It was diagnosed in a three-year-old breeding bitch with reproductive disturbances. Fifteen in-contact dogs were tested repeatedly and all of them were negative for B. canis. The source of infection could not be defined. The present article describes the case and the measures undertaken and gives a short review over B. canis. Recommendations on how to avoid the infection in non-endemic countries are given.     

Vertebral osteomyelitis in the dog due to Nocardia-like organisms

Five cases of thoraco-lumbar vertebral osteomyelitis in dogs due to Nocardia-like organisms are described. All cases were characterized by a chronic course with signs of spinal pain or posterior paresis, general malaise and loss of condition. Response to treatment with antibiotics was poor. Diagnosis was made by radiography and confirmed at post-mortem examination. Three of the five cases were accompanied by a bronchopneumonia or pulmonary micro-abscesses, and the possibility of haematogenous spread of the infection from the lung lesions to the vertebral bodies is discussed. Résumé. On décrit cinq cas d'ostéomyélite vertébrale thoraco-lombaire chez les chiens, due aux organismes comme Nocardia. Tous les cas se caractérisaient par un cours chronique avec des signes de douleur spinale ou de parésie du postérieur, de malaise général et de détériorisation de l'état. La réaction au traitement par antibiotiques était faible. On a fait le diagnostic par radiographie et on l'a confirmé à un examen postmortel. Troid ses cinq cas ont été accompagnés de broncho-pneumonie ou de microabces pulmonaires et on discute de la possibilité de l'extension hématogène de l'infection, des lésions du poumon aux corps vertébraux. Zusammenfassung. Fünf Fälle von thorakel-lumbal vertebraler Knochenmarkentzündung in Hunden, von Nocardia-ähnlichen Organismen verursacht, wurden beschrieben. Alle Fälle waren durch einen chronischen Kurs mit Anzeichen von Rückgratschmerzen oder hinterer Parese, allgemeiner Malaise und Konditionsverlust charakterisiert. Reaktion auf Behandlung mit Antibiotika war gering. Die Diagnose wurde durch Röntgenverfahren gestellt und bei postmortaler Untersuchung bestätigt. Drei der fünf Fälle waren mit einer Bronchopneumonie oder pulmonalen Mikroabszessen verbunden und die Möglichkeit von hämatogener Verbreitung der Infektior von den Lungläsionen zu den vertebralen Körperteilen, wird diskutiert.     

犬小孢子菌感染豚鼠皮肤引起的郎格罕氏细胞的变化

表皮和真皮中的郎格罕氏细胞(LC)是皮肤免疫系统主要的抗原递呈细胞(APC),是皮肤免疫的哨兵[1]。它是表皮中的专业APC,有递呈抗原的功能[2],是细胞免疫发生的诱导细胞。LC占表皮内全部细胞的约3%~4%[3],所以为了清楚地观察LC的形态及密度,应先将皮片的表皮和真皮分离再进行染色,然后将表皮片展平在镜下观察。目前检测LC最常用的是ATP酶染色法[4-6],所以通过ATP酶染色法检测豚鼠表皮的LC可以检测机体免疫功能的状态,从而为免疫学研究和临床治疗提供参考依据。1材料与方法1.1材料1.1.1实验动物清洁级豚鼠,由北京维通利华实验动物技术…     

犬支持细胞瘤引起双侧睾丸多发性囊肿一例

兽医临床上,较少检出微小的睾丸囊肿,除非像本病例这样高度肿胀才可能被宠物主人发现就医。支持细胞（sertoli＇s cells）是产生精子的曲精小管上起支持作用的长形细胞,支持细胞瘤是犬常见的睾丸肿瘤之一。