陶瓷表面金属化Cu薄膜应力调控

利用直流磁控溅射方法在AlN陶瓷表面沉积了单层Cu薄膜,采用X射线衍射方法研究了沉积温度对薄膜应力的影响,并用有限元方法模拟不同温度下沉积的Cu薄膜中的热应力及变形分布情况.沉积的薄膜应力表现为张应力,并随沉积温度的升高先增大后减小,沉积温度为200 ℃左右时,薄膜应力达到最大值;在AlN表面引入过渡界面可明显地减小薄膜应力,并根据微观结构和物理性质的变化等对薄膜应力的变化进行了解释.     

TiO2 薄膜折射率的调控方法

采用电子束蒸发技术及其辅助工艺制备了TiO 2 薄膜,利用X射线衍射（XRD）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）和原子力显微镜（AFM）对薄膜的组织结构进行了表征,采用紫外可见分光光度计研究了TiO 2 薄膜的折射率变化.结果表明：传统电子束蒸发镀制的TiO 2 薄膜的折射率低于块体值,通过调节氧气压、沉积速率和衬底温度可在1.97～2.22范围内调控其折射率;采用离子束辅助轰击可使薄膜致密化,获得折射率在2.06～2.42范围内变化的TiO 2 薄膜;利用斜角入射沉积可控制薄膜生长角度与孔隙率,实现折射率在 1.71 ～2.18范围内的调控.     

微弧氧化制备氮掺杂纳米晶TiO2薄膜

以十水合四硼酸钠、氢氧化钠、六次甲基四胺为电解液,采用双脉冲微弧氧化方法在钛基底直接制备纳米晶TiO2薄膜.钛基底微弧氧化所生长的TiO2薄膜表面由直径10～60 nm的小颗粒堆积成多孔菜花状.脉冲频率对薄膜的组分、孔隙率和表面粗糙度都有较大的影响,而生长时间则通过小颗粒堆积影响薄膜的表面粗糙度.高频条件下薄膜中锐钛矿相含量比低频时稍高,单次脉冲期间反应生成物的温度是控制锐钛矿相与金红石相比例的主要因素.     

可循环利用ZnO薄膜的制备及其光催化降解甲基橙的研究

采用液相沉积法(LPD)在玻璃基底上制备了Zn5(OH)8(CH3COO)2·2H2O薄膜,然后经高温焙烧获得ZnO薄膜.利用热重(TG)、X射线衍射(XRD)、比表面积(BET)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)等技术对所制备的ZnO薄膜结构进行了表征.以甲基橙(MO)降解反应为...     

硫化温度和时间对SnxSy薄膜结构和成分的影响

用热蒸发技术在玻璃基片上沉积一层sn薄膜,在真空条件下,将其在150～300℃下硫化30．60min．对在不同温度和时间下硫化的薄膜进行结构、成分和表面形貌分析,结果表明：在不同温度和不同时间下硫化,所得到的薄膜在物相结构、成分和表面形貌上都存在差异．当硫化温度为240℃、硫化时间为45min时,所制得的薄膜为正交结构的SnS多晶薄膜,其均匀性、致密性以及对基片的附着力都较好,具有（111）方向优先生长,薄膜粒径在200～800nm,且晶格常数与标样的数值吻合很好．     

场发射FED器件MIM结构Ta-Ta2O5-Al薄膜的制备及性能

利用直流磁控溅射Ta膜和阳极氧化法制备Ta2O5薄膜,能谱分析（EDS）和X射线衍射仪（XRD）研究表明,在H3PO4电解液中添加少量的乙二醇制备的Ta2O5薄膜,呈非晶态,没有β-Ta2O5晶相出现.利用电击穿场强测试系统研究Ta-Ta2O5-Al复合薄膜制备FED器件（MIM结构）的绝缘性,证明采用磁控溅射和阳极氧化法成功制备了漏电流密度低、耐击穿场强高的Ta2O5薄膜.     

SiC薄膜的制备和发光特性的研究

目的 制备SiC薄膜并对其发光特性进行研究. 方法 用射频溅射法在玻璃衬底上制备SiC薄膜,退火处理后并利用光致发光谱(PL)对发光性能进行分析. 结果 SiC薄膜样品在紫外区存在360 nm和370 nm两个发光峰,峰的强度都随着腐蚀时间的增长而增加,在t=20 min时达到最大,然后强度减小,而且峰的强度随退火温度升高而增加,在蓝光区存在470 nm发光峰,峰的强度随退火温度升高而增加. 结论 玻璃衬底腐蚀时间为20 min,SiC沉积时间为1 h时样品表现出了比较好的发光特性,在紫外区和蓝光区出现了光致发光,样品的发光强度随退火温度的增加显著增强.     

氧化钴多孔薄膜的电化学制备及其超电容性能

采用恒电流沉积方法,以0.2 mol/L CoSO4 1.5 mol/L H2SO4为电镀液,在阴极大电流密度下,以氢气泡为模板,在石墨基体上成功制备了CoOx.yH2O多孔薄膜.通过扫描电子显微镜、循环伏安法和恒电流充放电技术等对CoOx.yH2O多孔薄膜的形貌及超电容性能进行表征和研究,并对CoOx.yH2O多孔薄膜的沉积机理进行了探讨.结果表明:CoOx.yH2O薄膜呈纳米/亚微米级的多孔结构,随阴极电流密度的增加,薄膜的孔径增大;同时,膜层具有优异的充放电性能和功率特性,比电容达64.8 F·g-1,并具有良好的稳定性.     

DLC,TiN薄膜的环境摩擦学特性研究

采用非平衡磁控溅射及电弧离子镀技术在304奥氏体不锈钢表面沉积了类金刚石(DLC)及TiN 薄膜.用纳 米压痕仪、表面粗糙度仪、扫描电镜等检测了薄膜的显微硬度、表面粗糙度及表面形貌.并用球—盘式摩擦磨损试 验仪评价了不同介质(干摩擦、水润滑、油润滑)条件下薄膜的摩擦磨损性能.结果表明:在干摩擦及水润滑条件 下,TiN,DLC两种薄膜均明显改善了基体的耐磨性和润滑性,DLC薄膜性能更佳.但相对于干摩擦,在水润滑条 件下,DLC薄膜的摩擦系数反而有所升高,这主要源于H2O 与O2 在摩擦过程中参与反应,降低了薄膜的力学性 能和化学惰性从而增加了粘着效应.在油润滑条件下,DLC,TiN 薄膜与基体摩擦系数相近甚至略高,薄膜的沉积 虽然有利于基体耐磨性能的提高,但并不能改善基体的润滑特性.     

玛纳斯湖滨岸带盐类和风成砂混合沉积特征及环境意义：来自物理模拟实验的启示

基于对玛纳斯湖现代沉积观察所获得的湖泊内砂岩为风成沉积的初步认识,在滨岸带盐类与风成砂混合沉积基本特征表述的基础上,结合物理模拟实验,分析了其成因过程,再现了风成砂与盐类的混合沉积形成过程,进一步对不同温度变化过程中的沉积差异进行探讨,揭示了盐类与风成砂的混合沉积形式能够反映气候变化。结果表明,温度影响盐类与风成砂混合沉积形式：(1)层状混合沉积：持续低温条件下(0～7℃),盐类晶体较粗厚度较大,与风成砂形成明显的韵律性层状混合沉积;(2)差异混合沉积：温度的连续变化(0～13℃)引起频繁的盐类在水面形成的薄膜状晶体在重力作用下崩塌,风成砂分布不均与盐类差异混合沉积。该认识为研究盐湖背景下混合沉积的形成机制提供了有价值的参考。     

可见光响应氮杂化TiO2-N薄膜对水源水体的杀菌作用

以尿素为氮源,采用Sol-gel法及浸渍-提拉法制备氮杂化TiO2-N薄膜,并运用正交试验法优化TiO2-N薄膜的最佳制备条件;利用AFM分析技术对TiO2-N薄膜表面形貌进行表征;在太阳光光催化反应器中,探讨TiO2-N薄膜对饮用水供水水源水体中大肠菌群的杀菌作用。结果表明,热处理条件是影响TiO2-N薄膜制备的关键因素,各个影响因素的主次顺序为热处理温度〉停留温度〉热处理时间,在最佳条件下制备的TiO2-N薄膜,在太阳光作用下光解30min时,对饮用水供水水源水体中大肠菌群的杀菌率达到57.7%以上;Ag的协同掺杂（Ag-TiO2-N）或在TiO2-N薄膜表面的沉积（Ag/TiO2-N）,显著提高了TiO2-N薄膜的杀菌作用,对大肠菌群的杀菌率可达90%以上。     

Synthesis and Electronic Transport of Single Crystal K3C60

Sizable single crystals of C(6O) have been synthesized and doped with potassium. Above the superconducting transition temperature T(c), the electrical resistivity p(T) displays a classic metal-like temperature dependence. The transition to the superconducting state at T(c) = 19.8 K is extremely sharp, with a transition width DeltaT < 200 mK. In contrast to transport behavior of doped polycrystalline and granular thin films, no anomalous fluctuations are observed near T(c) in single crystal specimens.     

Electrical resistivity and stoichiometry of kkhgr c60 films

Electrical resistances of polycrystalline fullerene (C(60)) films were monitored while the films were being doped in ultrahigh vacuum with potassium from a molecular-beam effusion source. Temperature- and concentration-dependent resistivities of K(chi) C(60) films in equilibrium near room temperature were measured. The resistance changes smoothly from metallic at chi approximately 3 to activated as chi --> = 0 or chi --> 6. The minimum resistivity for K(3)C(60) films is 2.2 microohm-centimeters, near the Mott limit. The resistivities are interpreted in terms of a granular microstructure where K(3)C(60) regions form nonpercolating grains, except perhaps at chi approximately 3. Stoichiometries at the resistivity extrema were determined by ex situ Rutherford backscattering spectrometry to be chi = 3 +/- 0.05 at the resistance minimum and chi = 6 +/- 0.05 at the fully doped resistance maximum.     

Raman Studies of Alkali-Metal Doped AxC60 Films (A = Na, K, Rb, and Cs; x = 0, 3, and 6)

The room temperature Raman spectra of the intramolecular modes between 100 cm(-1) and 2000 cm(-1) are reported for alkali-metal doped AxC(60) films. For A = K, Rb, and Cs, phase separation is observed with the spectra of C(60), K(3)C(60), K(6)C(60), Rb(3)C(60), Rb(6)C(60), and Cs(6)C(60) phases reported. The x = 3 phases show only three Raman active modes: two of Ag symmetry and only the lowest frequency Hg mode. The other Hg modes regain intensity in the x = 6 films, with several mode splittings observed. For A = Na, such phase separation is not clearly observed, and reduced mode shifts are interpreted as due to incomplete charge transfer in these films.     

Direct observation of structural defects in laser-deposited superconducting y-ba-cu-o thin films

The defect structure of in situ pulsed, laser-deposited, thin films of the high-transition temperature superconductor Y-Ba-Cu-O has been observed directly by atomic resolution electron microscopy. In a thin film with the nominal composition YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7) (123), stacking defects corresponding to the cationic stoichiometry of the 248, 247, and 224 compounds have been observed. Other defects observed include edge dislocations and antiphase boundaries. These defects, which are related to the nonequilibrium processing conditions, are likely to be responsible for the higher critical currents observed in these films as compared to single crystals.     

Thin Films of n-Si/Poly-(CH3)3Si-Cyclooctatetraene: Conducting-Polymer Solar Cells and Layered Structures

The optical and electronic properties of thin films of the solution-processible polymer poly-(CH(3))(3)Si-cyclooctatetraene are presented. This conjugated polymer is based on a polyacetylene backbone with (CH(3))(3)Si side groups. Thin transparent films have been cast onto n-doped silicon (n-Si) substrates and doped with iodine to form surfacebarrier solar cells. The devices produce photovoltages that are at the theoretical limit and that are much greater than can be obtained from n-Si contacts with conventional metals. Two methods for forming layered polymeric materials, one involving the spincoating of preformed polymers and the other comprising the sequential polymerization of different monomers, are also described. An organic polymer analog of a metal/insulator/metal capacitor has been constructed with the latter method.     

Coherent electronic fringe structure in incommensurate silver-silicon quantum wells

Atomically uniform silver films grown on highly doped n-type Si(111) substrates show fine-structured electronic fringes near the silicon valence band edge as observed by angle-resolved photoemission. No such fringes are observed for silver films grown on lightly doped n-type substrates or p-type substrates, although all cases exhibited the usual quantum-well states corresponding to electron confinement in the film. The fringes correspond to electronic states extending over the silver film as a quantum well and reaching into the silicon substrate as a quantum slope, with the two parts coherently coupled through an incommensurate interface structure.     

壳聚糖基褐藻多酚可食膜的制备工艺优化

[目的]优化壳聚糖基褐藻多酚可食膜的制备工艺,为可食性包装膜的开发和应用提供参考依据.[方法]以壳聚糖和羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)为成膜基础材料,采用流延法制备可食膜,以抗拉强度、断裂伸长率和水蒸气透过率为考察指标,通过多指标综合评分结合正交试验的方法确定壳聚糖基褐藻多酚可食膜的最佳制备工艺,并对可食膜进行性能表征.[结果]各因素对壳聚糖基褐藻多酚可食膜物理性能的影响排序为壳聚糖浓度>甘油浓度>CMC浓度>褐藻多酚浓度,其中壳聚糖浓度和甘油浓度对可食膜的物理性能影响显著(P<0.05).优化后的可食膜制备工艺条件为:壳聚糖浓度1.5%、甘油浓度1.0%、褐藻多酚浓度0.4%、CMC浓度2.0%,在此条件下制得的可食膜物理性能较好,其平均拉伸强度为24.78 MPa,断裂伸长率为36.94%,水蒸气透过率为0.445 g·mm/(m2·h·kPa),综合评分69.06分.复合膜各组分间相容性较好,膜表面平整致密.[结论]优化工艺制得的壳聚糖基褐藻多酚可食膜具有良好的成膜性能和微观结构,为研发新型可食性包装膜提供了新思路.     

Boundary layer profiles in plasma chemical vapor deposition

A nonlinear optical spectroscopy based on degenerate four-wave mixing has made possible direct measurements of species temperature and concentration profiles through the boundary layer of a reactive plasma at atmospheric pressure. Spectra were obtained for CH and C(2) radicals over a range of conditions including those for the plasma chemical vapor deposition of diamond films. Numerical simulations based on a one-dimensional stagnation-point flow model are in good agreement with the measurements. The CH mole fraction is shown to rise and fall as a function of distance from the substrate, which is compelling experimental evidence for the complex chemistry that is occurring in the plasma boundary layer.     

基于二维相关谱不变距特征判别掺杂尿素牛奶

为实现牛奶掺杂尿素的快速客观检测,以浓度为外扰,分别建立纯牛奶和掺杂尿素牛奶的二维相关光谱图库,并采用不变矩统计特征表征所获得纯牛奶及掺杂尿素牛奶的二维相关光谱图;针对提取的二维相关光谱不变矩特征,通过计算其Fisher系数评价类间分离程度,结合主成分分析法进行特征优选,选择4个主成分表征所获得样品的二维相关光谱图特征;将优选的4个特征参数作为输入量,采用支持向量机算法建立掺杂尿素牛奶与纯牛奶间的判别模型,该模型对校正集样品和预测集样品的判别准确率分别为94.4%、84.6%。结果表明,基于二维相关谱不变距特征判别掺杂尿素牛奶是可行的。