蒙古扁桃在海原南华山的人工繁殖育苗及栽培技术探讨

通过对南华山自然生态状况的调查,采集西华山天然蒙古扁桃种子进行人工驯化有性繁殖育苗,并移植于南华山海拔2300~2400米阳坡的沙地及石质山地,研究人工繁殖的蒙古扁桃在不同立地条件下生长发育特性及其抗病虫特性,掌握了蒙古扁桃的繁育、造林技术。     

广西推广柑桔压顶更新修剪技术

广西国营新光农场和广西农垦柑桔研究所试验的压顶更新改造柑桔衰老树的修剪技术,取得显著经济效果。目前已在广西农垦系统国营农场和钦州地区社队果园普遍应用推广。新光农场1957年以来开始种植的20多万株柑桔,前期生长很好。到了七十年代,由于树冠交叉重叠,荫蔽封行,影响通风透光,树的中下部未老     

美国扁桃品种病害发生情况调查

扁桃又称美国大杏仁,20世纪90年代,我国从美国加利福尼亚州引进10多个扁桃优良品种,试种获得成功,开始大面积种植.为了掌握引进扁桃种植后发生的病害种类和为病害防治提供依据,我们于1998～2002年在甘肃省兰州地区4个扁桃园对12个扁桃品种发生的病害进行了系统的观察,从每年春季扁桃开花到秋季落叶,定期采集标本,进行发病情况调查,基本摸清了这些扁桃品种在甘肃省兰州地区的病害种类,现报道如下.     

提高扁桃假植成活率技术初探

结合实践全面剖析扁桃移栽假植过程,总结提高扁桃假植成活率技术措施,主要包括移植前断根处理,截干定高处理,树干包裹保湿膜处理,加挂遮荫网保湿处理,生根粉、营养液连续应用处理,加强假植后养护等技术措施,使用本技术措施假植扁桃成活率可达到90%以上。     

松树营林育苗技术与种植策略浅谈

以广西地区为参照,着重对松树营林育苗技术与种植方法进行研究,并根据广西地区的特点,提出几点具体种植方法,希望能够对该地区的松树种植提供些许借鉴意义。     

广西引种加工型番茄试验报告

广西百色市有良好的番茄种植传统,2006年种植面积达到8000hm2,产量38万t,成为右江河谷地区蔬菜生产的重要支柱产品,也是"南菜北运"的主要蔬菜种类.     

南方露地秋冬番茄—越夏丝瓜高效免耕轮作技术

正秋冬番茄—越夏丝瓜免耕轮作模式适用于南方旱地蔬菜产区,利用原番茄种植地块和竹架免耕轮作越夏丝瓜,既能有效克服连作障碍,实现周年生产,又能节约越夏丝瓜种植成本、提高种植效益。近3年来,该模式已在广西地区推广逾107 hm~2(1 600亩),每667 m~2年产值2.9万元以上。番茄是广西"南菜北运"和"西菜东调"的主要蔬菜品种,有棱丝瓜是我国南方地区的特色蔬菜,也是"南菜北运"、     

扁桃新品种——天扁一号

1选育经过 天扁一号是甘肃省天水市果树研究所从栽植于毛腊柱山地扁桃品种园蒙特瑞株变中选出的扁桃新品种。由于该果园地处海拔1600米左右的半阴坡风口地带，2002年该同栽植的扁桃树普遍抽条较为严重。2003年春，我们在对全园扁桃树遭受冻害情况进行调查时，发现栽植于第4行第1株扁桃品种蒙特瑞树未发生抽条，花芽发育良好，     

扁桃落花落果原因及保花保果措施

扁桃引入临沂种植已有20多年的历史,因落花落果严重、产量低,发展受到制约。经我地广大果、林科技工作者的不懈努力,探索出一套保花保果技术,能够显著提高扁桃坐果率,促进了扁桃生产。近几年扁桃栽培有了较快发展,     

南方高海拔山区脱毒马铃薯原种夏繁试验初报

为寻找适合广西地区的马铃薯种薯脱毒快繁技术,解决广西区马铃薯北薯南调原种供应不足及脱毒种薯普及率低等问题,2011年我们在广西西北部海拔1000m以上的天峨县进行脱毒马铃薯原原种不同密度夏繁试验。结果表明:0.8万粒/667m2是高海拔天峨县地区合理的播种密度,‘费乌瑞它’(A1B3)不但结薯数多,而且单粒薯重量适中,产量(1492kg/667m2)最高,随着种植密度的增加单株结薯数不断减少,产量降低,成本也增加。由此可见,在夏繁脱毒马铃薯原种的繁殖生产中,合理的种植密度对马铃薯的稳产增产很关键。     

Effect of portal vein transplantation with allogeneic adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells on liver fibrosis in SD rats

AIM: To explore the influence of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) transplantation on hepatic fibrosis in rats. METHODS: ADMSCs from abdominal lipid tissues were extracted, cultured and passaged. The hepatic fibrosis rat model was built up and randomly divided into 3 groups: hepatic cirrhosis group (n=14); portal vein transplantation group (n=11) and caudal vein transplantation group (n=14). Computer tomography(CT) perfusion index, histological scores and microvessel density were detected and compared after transplantation of ADMSCs among the 3 groups. RESULTS: After transplantation of ADMSCs, the total hepatic blood perfusion, especially portal vein perfusion, significantly increased in portal vein transplantation group determined by CT perfusion scan (P<0.05), but slightly increased in caudal vein transplantation group. The histological scores showed significant alleviation of fibrosis evidence in portal vein transplantation group, and slightly change of adipose degeneration in caudal vein transplantation group. Microvessel density decreased significantly in portal vein transplantation group as compared to the other 2 groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Transplantation of ADMSCs greatly helps the alleviation of hepatic fibrosis. Portal vein transplantation benefits more than caudal vein transplantation.     

The feasibility of reendothelialization of the injured arterial wall by autologus endothelial cell transplantation and their effects on neointima proliferation

AIM: To investigate the feasibility of reendothelialization of the injured arterial wall by autologous endothelial cell transplantation and their influences on neointima proliferation. METHODS: New Zealand white rabbits (n=30) were subjected to bilateral iliofemoral artery balloon injury. Cultured, autologous venous endothelial cells were immediately transplanted into one vessel(transplantation group), whereas the contralateral artery received medium only(control group). Reendothelialization of the injured arterial wall was analysed 4 hours or 4 days after cell transplantation by fluorescent tracing、scanning electron microscope(SEM) and Evans blue staining. Pathology analysis was employed 28 days after cell transplantation to evaluate neointima proliferation. RESULTS: The transplanted endothelial cells had adhered into the aterial wall 4 hours after transplantation and began to attach and spread 4 days later. A number of fluorescent labeling endothelial cells were observed in the endothelial injured arterial wall. The vessels in control group were stained nearly completely by Evans blue, whereas about 60% area was not stained in transplantation group. Pathological examination demostrated that neointimal area and maximal intima thickness in transplantation group significant decreased than those in control. CONCLUSION: Autologus endothelial cells were effectively transplanted into the injured arterial wall by balloon catheter, and it can relieve neointima proliferation in the long time.     

The new seed cells for hepatocyte transplantation

The prospect of liver disease treatment by hepatocyte transplantation is broad, but it is difficult to apply it in clinic therapy due to the restriction of source and proliferation of donor hepatocyte. The hematopoietic stem cell plasticity of trans-differentiation to hepatocyte provides a new source of seed cells for hepatocyte transplantation. In this review, we focus on advances in the seed cells for hepatocyte transplantation.     

Risk factors of respiratory infections in patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation at early stage

AIM:To investigate the pathological status, hematopoietic reconstitution and risk factors of respiratory infections(RI) in the patients with hematopoietic stem cell(HSC) transplantation at early stage. METHODS:The retrospective and case-control study, single-factor and Logistic analysis were performed to analyze the clinical data of 168 patients with HSC transplantation. RESULTS:The incidence rate of RI was 72.6%, upper RI was 44.0%, and lower RI was 28.6%. The cases with RI attacked before hematopoietic reconstitution were 81.1%. The risk factors of RI analyzed by single factor were age, origin of HSC, pretreatment, non-genetic transplantation, non-complete matching of human leukocyte antigen(HLA), hemogram recovery time, and independent risk factors were age and non-genetic transplantation. The risk factors of upper RI were age, origin of HSC, non-genetic transplantation, non-complete matching of HLA, hemogram recovery time, and independent risk factors were age and non-genetic transplantation. The risk factors of lower RI were the origin of HSC, non-genetic transplantation, non-complete matching of HLA, history of fungal pneumonia and graft-versus-host disease(GVHD), and independent risk factors were non-complete matching of HLA and history of fungal pneumonia. CONCLUSION:Higher incidence rate of RI exists at early stage of HSC transplantation, and independent risk factors include age, non-genetic transplantation, non-complete matching of HLA and history of fungal pneumonia.     

Elevated levels of serum IL-6, ICAM-1 and P-selectin in stable survivors with liver transplantation

AIM: To study the profile of serum IL-6， ICAM-1 and P-selectin in stable survivors with clinical liver transplantation (LTx). METHODS: Flow cytometric analysis was used to determine the phenotype of T cell subsets in peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMCs） from stable survivors with liver transplantation (n=22), and healthy volunteers (n=12). Serum levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-6), intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAM-1) and P-selectin in stable survivors with liver transplantation and healthy volunteers were assessed by enzyme-linked immunoabsordent assay (ELISA). Recently performed 6 cases of liver transplantation were also dynamically observed in this study. RESULTS: Percentage of CD4+ T cells， CD8+ T cells and CD3+ T cells, as well as ratio of CD4 to CD8 were no difference between two groups (P>0.05). However, a significant higher percentage of CD3+CD25+ T cells was found in stable liver transplantation group as compared to healthy group (P<0.05). Significantly increased concentrations of IL-6, ICAM-1 and P-selectin were found in stable liver transplantation group as compared to healthy group (P<0.05). A high TNF-α level was detected in stable liver transplantation group while no significant difference was found as compared to healthy volunteers group (P>0.05). There was not found no regular change of serum cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α) and adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, P-selectin) in 6 liver transplanted patients during post-operation from day 1 to day 30, indicating that was associated with the different status of patients before or after transplantation. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggesting that increased levels of ICAM-1 and P-selectin, appears to participate in the processing of immunoregulation to transplanted livers, whereas elevated concentrations of IL-6 appear to be involved in the repair of the injury induced by TNF-α in allo-transplanted livers.     

Effect of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on papain and ［60Co］ irradiation-induced rat pulmonary emphysema

AIM: To investigate the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) transplantation on papain and ［⁶⁰Co］ irradiation-induced rat pulmonary emphysema and the underlying mechanisms.METHODS: Female rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group, emphysema group, emphysema+MSCs transplantation group. Rats were exposed to ［⁶⁰Co］ irradiation and instilled with papain intratracheally. Bone marrow MSCs from male rats were infused through tail veins. Morphologic analysis of the lung tissue was performed. The engraftment of male bone marrow MSCs in female recipient lung was determined by PCR of Sry gene and Y chromosome fluorescence in situ hybridization (Y-FISH). Sry gene was amplified by PCR using the genomic DNA from the lungs as template. Surfactant protein C (SP-C) immunofluorescent staining and Y-FISH were performed on the same lung section to determine whether the engrafted bone marrow MSCs differentiated into type II pneumocytes. RESULTS: Destruction of alveolar walls was observed in rat lungs from emphysema group and emphysema+MSCs transplantation group. MSCs transplantation significantly ameliorated the emphysematous changes. Significant differences in the mean linear interval (MLI), the mean alveoli number (MAN) and mean alveoli area (MAA) between emphysema group and emphysema+MSCs transplantation group were observed. DNA fragment of Sry gene was amplified in the genomic DNA from the rat lungs in emphysema+MSCs transplantation group. Y chromosome positive cells were observed in the lungs tissue from emphysema+MSCs transplantation group. Some of the Y chromosome positive cells also expressed SP-C, the marker of type II pneumocytes. CONCLUSION: Bone marrow MSCs transplantation improves papain and irradiation-induced pulmonary emphysema. The underlying mechanisms may include the engraftment of bone marrow MSCs in the lungs and differentiation of MSCs into type II pneumocytes.     

Transplantation of exogenous mesenchymal stem cells treats post-infarction ventricular remodeling in rats

AIM: This study was performed to investigate the feasibility and efficiency of exogenous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation on post-infarction ventricular remodeling and heart function in rats and compare the effects between adult rat MSCs and neonate rat MSCs transplantation. METHODS: 1-2 hours after left coronary artery ligation, MSCs cultured in ex vivo, marked with BrdU, were injected directly into the border of infarcts in exogenous rats. 6 weeks after transplantation, rat heart function, ventricular remodeling and pathological results were measured. RESULTS: MSCs transplantation decreased LV end-diastolic diameter and end-systolic diameter, limited LV chamber dilatation and reduced collagen content significantly. The numbers of blood vessels and cardiomyocytes were increased. BrdU-labelled MSCs with oval nucleus were widely distributed. There were no significant difference between adult rat MSCs and neonate rat MSCs transplanted groups. CONCLUSION: MSCs can survive and home in exogenous host infarct hearts without addition of any immunosuppressant. MSCs transplantation has benificial effects on remodeling processes and contributes to improvement of cardiac function, which may be related with the reduction of the amount of the collagen, promotion of myogenesis and angiogenesis.     

Difference of immune response to transplantation of BMSCs and non-BMSCs-derived cells in animals

AIM: To analyze the characteristics of immune response in the animals after transplantation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) or non-BMSCs-derived cells.METHODS: Rat BMSCs and Buffalo rat liver (BRL) cells were transplanted into SD rats and New Zealand rabbits by intravenous and subcutaneous injections. The differences of immune response in the animals received these two types of cells were evaluated by comparative analysis of the lymphocytes and monocytes in peripheral blood as well as the histopathological characteristics of the subcutaneous transplantation sites.RESULTS: The increase intensity of the lymphocyte number in BMSCs group was lower than that in BRL group, regardless of allograft or xenograft. The immune reaction of the animals to BMSCs transplantation was a little slower. It was obviously dissimilar that the increase intensity of monocyte number in BMSCs group was higher than that in BRL group. Pathological cutaneous sections showed that neither obvious necrosis nor inflammatory cells was observed in the vicinity of BMSCs transplantation sites.CONCLUSION: The intensity of immune response induced by BMSCs is lower than that by BRL cells. The anti-rejection ability of BMSCs in cell transplantation is better than that of BRL cells.     

Intrathymic inoculation of liver specific antigen protects hepatocytes from apoptosis after liver allotransplantation

AIM: To study the effects of intrathymic inoculation of liver specific antigen (LSA) on hepatocyte apoptosis after liver allotransplantation. METHODS: Orthotopic liver transplantation was used in this study. Group Ⅰ: syngenic control (Wistar-to-Wistar); Group Ⅱ: acute rejection (SD-to-Wistar); Group Ⅲ: thymus inoculation of SD rat LSA day 7 before transplantation. The observation of general situation and survival time, hepatocyte apoptosis and LAT expression in liver transplants were used to analyze immune state of animals in different groups. RESULTS: The general situation of group Ⅰ was very well after transplantation. Recipients of groupⅡ lost body weight progressively and all died within day 9 to day 13 post transplantation. As for group Ⅲ, the general situation of recipients was remarkably better than that in group Ⅱ. The positive cells of apoptosis in group Ⅲ detected by TUNEL were not significantly different from that in group Ⅰ, but was significantly lower than that in group Ⅱ. LAT was detected at any time in group Ⅱ with peak expression at day 5 and day 7 post transplantation. In contrast, LAT was not detected in any other groups. CONCLUSION: Intrathymic inoculation of LSA protects hepatocytes from apoptosis after liver allotransplantation.     

水杨酸和高温锻炼与葡萄抗热性及抗氧化的关系

 对‘京秀’葡萄(Vitis vinifera CV．Jingxiu)高温锻炼和外施水杨酸(salicylic acid，SA)都能显著提高其幼苗的抗热性。高温锻炼1 h，叶片内自由态sA含量急剧升高，其后又迅速下降。在抗热性诱导过程中(高温锻炼12 h或水杨酸喷施后6 h)，抗氧化酶系统中的过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)的活性都明显升高，但过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性下降；高温锻炼或外施SA 1 h，过氧化氢(H2o2)含量急剧升高，之后又迅速下降，可能起着一种信号分子的作用。以上结果说明内源sA可能通过提高抗氧化酶活性参与了高温锻炼过程，外施sA和高温锻炼有相似的提高抗热性机制。