苦苣苔科植物传粉生物学研究进展

根据苦苣苔科植物的地域分布,可将其分为新热带苦苣苔科植物和旧热带苦苣苔科植物。新热带苦苣苔科植物传粉媒介主要为脊椎动物,旧热带苦苣苔科植物的传粉媒介主要为无脊椎动物。据报道,蜂类、蜂鸟、蝙蝠等可为苦苣苔科植物传粉;不同的传粉媒介选择并适应不同的传粉特征,尤其是花部特征,其中蜜腺花蜜含量及其组成与传粉者的行为特征密切相关。而且,有的苦苣苔科植物具有雄蕊先熟或雌蕊先熟、镜像花柱等特殊现象,从而有效地避免自花传粉。但是,在恶劣环境下,为了能维持种的生存与发展,苦苣苔科的某些植物也会进行自花传粉。     

10种野生苦苣苔科植物的引种栽培及园林应用价值分析

通过对1O种野生苦苣苔科植物进行物候期及适应性的观察记录,对这1O种野生苦苣苔科植物的生长习性和引种栽培、繁殖技术进行阐述,同时,对其观赏性进行量化评价,并对其在武汉地区园林景观中的应用前景进行分析和展望。     

广西苦苣苔科植物资源及产业化前景

苦苣苔科观赏植物是近年来国际市场上十分流行的花卉。我国苦苣苔科植物资源丰富,类型众多,其开发却基本是空白。本文探讨了在保护资源的前提下如何利用和发展广西苦苣苔科植物,形成具有自身特色的花卉类群参与国内外日趋激烈的市场竞争。     

苦苣苔科原生植物欣赏(一)

正苦苣苔科植物花大色艳,是近些年花卉园艺市场的新宠。我国有极为丰富的苦苣苔科植物资源,各地狭域分布的苦苣苔种类非常多,特别是喀斯特地貌、石灰岩山地等地形地貌,在或潮湿阴生、或干燥养生的石壁上,有着千奇百怪的苦苣苔。这丰富的种质资源也为园艺育种提供了极为广泛的亲本。     

桂林植物园苦苣苔科观赏植物及其园林应用

苦苣苔科观赏植物是近年来国际上较为流行的观赏花卉。我国苦苣苔科植物资源丰富,类型众多,对其观赏价值的开发基本是一片空白。本文对桂林植物园苦苣苔科观赏植物资源、生态习性、生物特性及园林应用种类进行了论述,并对其在园林中的应用作了初步的探讨。     

海南苦苣苔科野生植物资源及其观赏特性评价

根据对海南苦苣苔科野生植物的实地调查并参考相关的文献资料,对分布于海南的野生苦苣苔科植物资源进行了整理、分类和评价。结果表明:海南苦苣苔科植物共有13属21种1变种,其中海南特有属2个,海南特有种10个,同时对海南苦苣苔科植物的观赏特性进行了评价,并对资源的保护和开发利用提出了建议。     

南方喀斯特地区苦苣苔科观赏植物在北京的引种栽培

北京林业大学园林学院于2004年开始自我国南方喀斯特地区引种苦苣苔科观赏植物,迄今为止已引种以唇柱苣苔属为主的苦苣苔科观赏植物20余种,在室内栽培表现良好,能够正常开花结实,基本上获得满意的效果,是值得开发和推广的新型室内盆栽观赏植物.     

野生苦苣苔科植物的引种栽培及在山东园林应用的价值分析

为进一步提升山东园林景观的观赏价值,引进野生苦苣苔科植物,对其进行引种栽培,并分析其在山东园林应用的价值,发现合理引种具有非常重要的意义。     

苦苣苔科原生植物欣赏(二)

本期介绍的原生苦苣苔大多原产于广东省,或拍摄于广东省境内的植物园。分类信息参考中国苦苣苔科植物保育中心的中国苦苣苔科植物名录。13.唇柱苣苔Chirita sinensis唇柱苣苔属多年生草本,具粗根状茎。叶基生;叶片草质或纸质,椭圆状卵形或近椭圆形,两面被毛,叶柄扁。花序1~2 条,每花序有1~3 花。花冠白色或带淡紫色,下唇内有2 黄色纵条,上唇带暗紫色。蒴果。花期8~12月。     

艳丽的花脸苣苔

花脸苣苔（KoWeda）又名艳斑苦苣苔、角桐草、科罗拉多苦苣苔等．别名花猫。是苦苣苔科花脸苣苔属的总称。本属植物约有20种,原产于美洲,但因其鲜艳的颜色和异乎寻常的斑点花瓣,很早就传人欧洲,19世纪达到鼎盛,并人工杂交出许多新的衍生品种．由于其生性强健．花色艳丽,花期很长,病虫害少,管理容易,深受园艺界的喜爱。     

早熟禾种质资源及其遗传改良研究进展

 对国内外早熟禾种质资源概况、资源利用与评价、生物学特性、资源遗传改良及生物技术应用进展等进行了系统综述,并对目前存在的主要问题及如何解决提出相应的策略。早熟禾资源在中国蕴藏量极为丰富,其中有许多种类已成为世界公认的优良冷季型草坪草。草地早熟禾(Poa pratensis L.)是应用最多的草坪草,美国等注册的大量改良品种占据着世界种业市场;加拿大早熟禾(P. compressa L.)、糙茎早熟禾(P. trivialis L.)及一年生早熟禾(P. annua L.)可作为固土护坡等生态环保特殊用途的草种。国内对引进资源的研究主要集中在抗性生态适应和观赏性评价上,并编制了新品种培育的国内规范标准。目前对早熟禾资源研究的热点是围绕早熟禾特殊的兼性无融合生殖方式进行基础研究和生物技术改良,认为多倍体无融合品种受多源显性等位基因控制,通过组培和转基因手段对获得的再生体系进行改良取得了显著成就,但应加强转基因植株的应用研究及国有资源的基础研究和开发。     

关于果桑品种选育的思考

为促进果桑品种选育研究,在多年进行果桑品种选育的基础上,结合他人已有的研究,分析与果桑品种选育密切相关的若干问题,提出了如下建议:以桑椹产量高、品质优及抗菌核病为果桑育种目标;以全国种植面积最大的果桑品种"粤椹大10"为对照品种;重视果桑资源的搜集和评价;在选育方法上,以常规育种为主,采用杂交技术和诱变技术相结合可提高选育效率;应把果桑作为一种果树来对待,并以专用型果桑品种的选育研究为重点,加快果桑新品种的育成,促进桑椹产业的发展。     

Frond-bud propagation of Asplenium nidus L.

Asplenium nidus, a common epiphytic fern, has a short, erect rhizome and a rosette of simple fronds. Propagation is by spores as the plant does not reproduce vegetatively. Plants can be divided into two, four or even eight segments and potted individually to give these numbers of plantlets. A more productive method is described whereby individual fronds are dissected, each with a small piece of stem attached; the pieces are then planted in vermiculite. Up to 33 plantlets per plant and 13 plantlets per frond piece were produced by this method, which is easy and rapid. Sufficient plants are available to meet the limited demands for A. nidus, but the method is useful for multiplying some of the available and attractive cultivars.     

农田系统四环素类抗生素污染研究现状

四环素类抗生素在畜禽养殖中发挥着重要的作用。由于四环素类抗生素性质相对稳定,长期大量施用高四环素类抗生素残留的畜禽粪便己成为蔬菜生产中一个不安全的重要因素。简要介绍四环素类抗生素的基本性质及在我国畜牧业中的应用情况,畜禽粪便、土壤和蔬菜中四环素类抗生素的污染现状和残留的四环素类抗生素对生态环境和人类健康的影响;总结了四环素类抗生素在土壤中的降解行为及其影响因素,作物对其吸收累积特征的研究进展;初步提出设施菜田中安全施用畜禽粪便有机肥的措施,并对土壤中四环素类抗生素污染研究进行了展望。     

The effect of temperature on formation and abortion of flower buds in gynoecious cucumber plants

Plants were grown at 15, 21 or 27°C. Fewer buds were formed at high than at low temperature. At all 3 temperatures, some of the buds aborted. However, the differences in numbers of buds between temperatures did not disappear. Transfer of the plants from 27 to 21°C did not raise the number of buds formed in nodes of which the leaf primordia had already been formed. Therefore, it is plausible that the number of flower buds is determined at a very early stage of node development.     

Field performance characterization of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) plants derived from cryopreserved apices

This study compares agronomic traits of two cultivars of strawberry in plants derived from conventional propagation, micropropagation and cryopreserved apices. The agronomic traits evaluated were fruit production and fruit quality. Differences were found in some of the fruit production traits studied in the plants post-micropropagation and post-cryopreservation when compared to conventionally propagated plants of the cultivar ‘Andana’; showing the first two groups higher second class yield and smaller fruits. Plants of the cultivar ‘Camarosa’ post-cryopreservation showed differences in traits related to fruit quality when compared to the other two groups of plants (internal colour, firmness and soluble solids). No adverse effect on agronomic traits could be associated with the use of cryopreservation. Plants from in vitro and cryopreservation origin were phenotypically similar to the conventional propagated plants in production field.     

Progresses on antitumor effect of snake venom active components

Many snake venoms contain complex mixtures of pharmacologically important molecules, some of which show potential therapeutic value in the treatment of cancer and other human disorders. In this review, we mainly reports the effects of snake venom active components, such as disintegrins and lectins in paralyzing cancer cells, blocking on cell migration, interaction with integrins, inhibition of tumor dissemination and angiogenesis. The advanced researches on the snake venom's apoptosis-inducing components on tumors are also introduced.