血清及血清替代品对体外受精的影响

综述了血清及血清替代品对体外受精影响的研究进展。     

酒精阳性乳患牛血清及乳清离子和微量元素分析

通过检测不同酒精阳性乳血清和乳清中Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、Na⁺、K⁺浓度及Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn含量,探讨其与酒精阳性乳的关系,结果显示,酒精阳性乳患牛体内的微量元素Zn、Cu和Fe代谢紊乱,会导致抗氧化酶的活性降低、毒性产物含量升高而使自由基代谢平衡紊乱,且Zn、Cu含量的缺乏会降低机体的免疫力;患牛乳中过多的Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺中和酪蛋白微胶粒表面的电荷,导致酪蛋白稳定性下降,致使乳胶体聚集能力增强;这些都易导致酒精阳性乳的形成。     

大通牦牛血清碱性磷酸酶及钙磷含量的测定

本试验对青海省大通种牛场的35头健康大通牦牛的血清碱性磷酸酶和血清钙、磷含量进行了测定,结果为：血清碱性磷酸酶的含量在45.15±3.41IU·L-1,血清钙含量在2.49±0.53 mmol·L-1,血清无机磷含量在1.98±0.21 mmol· L-1,均处于正常值范围内;公牦牛、母牦牛之间无显著性差异（P＞0.05）.     

Concentration of Serum Transferrin in Sick Horses and its Relationship to Serum Albumin Content

Studies of transferrin (Tf) concentration in sera of sick horses were carried out using Mancini’s immunodiffusion technique. Relative values against a chosen reference serum were determined for a total of 112 horses.Horses with acute infections had Tf values significantly below the normal. The lowest individual Tf value in this group (46%) was found in a six-months-old foal with temperature 41°C and watery diarrhoea.Horses suffering from acute laminitis also had decreased Tf values. The lowest value in the whole material (45%) was found in a horse belonging to this group.There was a positive correlation between the Tf value and the albumin content in serum.     

猪细小病毒血凝抑制试验抗原、阳性血清与阴性血清的制备与鉴定

猪细小病毒（Porcine Parvovirus,PPV）血凝抑制试验抗原、阳性血清和阴性血清在猪细小病毒制品的效力检验中不可或缺,对猪细小病毒相关生物制品的质量控制至关重要。试验采用PPV 7909株病毒同步接种PK-15细胞制备血凝抑制试验抗原,用制备的抗原乳化后免疫豚鼠制备阳性血清,同时用未免疫的阴性豚鼠制备阴性血清。对抗原、阳性血清和阴性血清进行鉴定,结果表明,制备的PPV血凝抑制试验抗原HA效价达1:512;阳性血清HI效价达1:1024;阴性血清HI效价＜1:8,且特异性均良好。利用制备的血凝抑制试验抗原、阳性血清与不同PPV疫苗株的灭活抗原、阳性血清进行交叉反应试验,结果表明,制备的抗原与阳性血清具备良好的血清学交叉反应性,可用于PPV制品的统一评价。     

赖氨酸对梅花鹿血清生化指标及血清游离氨基酸的影响

研究在低蛋白日粮中添加赖氨酸对梅花鹿仔鹿血清生化指标及血清游离氨基酸的影响,为进一步研究日粮中添加限制性氨基酸对梅花鹿的影响提供参考。将24头健康的梅花鹿仔鹿,随机分成3组(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ)。Ⅰ组饲喂粗蛋白水平为17.60%的日粮,Ⅱ组饲喂粗蛋白水平为14.37%的日粮并添加0.3%赖氨酸,Ⅲ组饲喂粗蛋白水平为17.60%的日粮并添加0.3%赖氨酸。为了测定其血清生化指标、血清游离氨基酸,在试验结束时采血。结果表明:Ⅲ组血清中白蛋白(ALB)含量显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.05),除血清中白蛋白(ALB)含量外,梅花鹿仔鹿各组血清中总蛋白(TP)、球蛋白(GLOB)、尿素氮(BUN)、葡萄糖(GLU)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)含量均无显著差异(P0.05);各组血清游离氨基酸中谷氨酸(Glu)、丝氨酸(Ser)、缬氨酸(Val)、异亮氨酸(Ile)、亮氨酸(Leu)、赖氨酸(Lys)含量差异显著(P0.05),其中Ⅱ组含量最低,除亮氨酸(Leu)外Ⅰ组含量最高。结果显示,在低蛋白日粮中添加赖氨酸,除对血清白蛋白(ALB)含量有影响外,对其他血清生化指标无影响;日粮蛋白质水平为17.60%,赖氨酸添加量为0.3%时,Ⅲ组血清中游离氨基酸天冬氨酸(Asp)、甘氨酸(Gly)、组氨酸(His)、精氨酸(Arg)、苏氨酸(Thr)、脯氨酸(Pro)、蛋氨酸(Met)含量与Ⅰ组的差异不显著(P0.05)。本试验范围内日粮蛋白水平为14.37%时,赖氨酸适宜添加量在1.06%~1.36%之间。     

A Comparison of Serum Creatine Phosphokinase and Serum Glutamic Oxalacetic Transaminase in Skeletal Muscle Necrosis

Rabbits were poisoned by the intraperitoneal injection of plasmocid dihydroiodide at a dosage of 80 mg. per kg. body weight. Animals were euthanatized 1, 2, 5, 7, 9, 12, 24 and 48 hours after plasmocid injection and serum and diaphragmatic muscle collected. The serum was examined for its serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (SGOT) and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) concentrations. The diaphragm was sectioned and examined for the progression of morphologic alterations. It was found that SGOT and CPK concentrations were similar in their time and duration of elevation and that the serum CPK elevations closely paralleled the occurrence and degree of morphologic muscle degeneration. It appears that CPK is the most specific clinical biochemical test for the detection of muscle necrosis available at this time.     

不同膨化血粉水平对雏鹅血清激素及生化指标的影响

选取体重为(78.68±2.95)g的28日龄豁眼鹅300只,采用3处理5重复单因子完全随机设计,研究在日粮中添加1.5％、3％和4.5％的膨化血粉对雏鹅血清激素及生化指标的影响.结果表明:3.0％膨化血粉组雏鹅的AST和ALB显著高于4.5％膨化血粉组(P＜0.05),而1.5％膨化血粉组雏鹅的AST和ALB和上述两组相比,差异均不显著(P＞0.05)；各试验组雏鹅的ALT、GLOB和TP差异均不显著(P＞0.05)；3.0％膨化血粉组雏鹅的血清Glu与4.5％膨化血粉组之间差异不显著(P＞0.05),但上述两组雏鹅的Glu均显著大于1.5％膨化血粉组(P＜0.05)；3.0％膨化血粉组雏鹅的血清TSH和T3水平均显著大于1.5％膨化血粉组和4.5％膨化血粉组(P＜0.05),1.5％膨化血粉组和4.5％膨化血粉组之间差异不显著(P＞0.05)；各试验组的血清INS、GH、T4和IGF-1水平差异均不显著(P＞0.05).     

断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合征的血清抗体检测及综合防制

从东莞市15个猪场采集猪血清169份,用ELISA方法进行了猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型(PCV-2型)抗体检测,共检出抗体阳性血清91份,总阳性率为53.8%;公母猪的阳性率为64.2%;仔猪及保育猪的阳性率为35.0%。血清学调查结果显示,东莞地区猪场PCV-2型的感染较普遍,同时,本文就断奶猪多系统衰竭综合征的综合防制进行了分析讨论。     

Serum and tissue enzyme profiles of goats

Serum enzyme activities of sorbitol dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, gamma glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartic aminotransferase, and creatine kinase, were measured in five clinically normal mixed-breed goats. Tissue activities of these enzymes were also measured in two goats. These basal serum values were then used to determine the response to treatment with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). The basal value for serum and hepatic tissue sorbitol dehydrogenase were appreciably greater for goats than previously reported for sheep and cattle. The change in the above serum enzymes after CCl4 treatment resembled that in sheep, but the amount of sorbitol dehydrogenase increase was less than that in sheep. This study established basal tissue and serum enzyme activity values and demonstrated the efficacy of the use of changes in serum S.D.H. and G.D.H. activity as indicators of acute hepatopathy in goats.     

Serum Lysozyme Levels in Paddlefish and Walleye

Abstract

The turbidimetric assay of lysozyme activity in serum revealed ranges of 0.0–27.8 units/mL in walleyes Stizostedion vitreum (spawners and nonspawners) and 11.1–238.9 units/mL in paddlefish Polyodon spathula (spawners and juveniles). A unit of lysozyme activity was defined as the amount of the sample causing a decrease in absorbance of 0.001 /min. Lysozyme activity was significantly different (P < 0.05) in the two species. This first demonstration of lysozyme in the sera of paddlefish and walleye is further evidence of the occurrence of this nonspecific immune factor, which has been ubiquitous in fishes investigated to now.     

高铜对断奶应激仔猪血清生化指标及激素水平的动态影响

选用30头(28±2)日龄“长大定”三元杂交断奶仔猪,按体质量和性别随机分成3组,每组10头。组(对照组)仔猪饲喂基础日粮;组仔猪在断奶后14d内饲喂基础日粮+250mg/kg铜(CuSO4·5H2O),然后改喂基础日粮;组仔猪饲喂基础日粮+250mg/kg铜(CuSO4·5H2O)。试验期28d。所有试验猪均于断奶后0、7、14、28d,经前腔静脉采血,测定部分血清生化指标及血清激素水平。结果表明,与断奶前相比,3组仔猪断奶后血清总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、总胆固醇和碱性磷酸酶水平均显著下降或极显著下降(P<0.05或P<0.01);组仔猪血清尿素氮含量在断奶后7d极显著升高(P<0.01),而血清生长激素、胰岛素和三碘甲状腺原氨酸在断奶后7d显著下降(P<0.05);组仔猪血清生长激素、胰岛素和三碘甲状腺原氨酸在断奶后14d极显著升高(P<0.01);组仔猪血清生长激素、胰岛素和三碘甲状腺原氨酸及甲状腺素在断奶后14、28d显著升高或极显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。试验显示,高铜日粮可显著提高断奶应激仔猪血清生长激素、胰岛素和三碘甲状腺原氨酸及甲状腺素的水平。     

磷酸脲对羔羊血清和肌肉钙、磷含量及血清相关代谢激素含量的影响

本试验旨在研究不同磷酸脲添加量对羔羊血清和肌肉钙(Ca)、磷(P)含量及血清相关激素含量的影响。选用80只F1代杜寒杂交羔羊,随机分为5组,每组8个重复,每个重复2只。分别在各组精料中添加0、1.0%、2.0%、4.0%和8.0%的磷酸脲以替代部分豆粕等蛋白质饲料。预试期为12 d,正试期为60 d。预试期内饲喂精料和粗料比为1∶1,自由采食。正试期内肉羊精料和粗料采食量比为1∶1,各组实际采食饲粮中的磷酸脲含量分别为0(对照组)、0.5%(0.5%组)、1.0%(1.0%组)、2.0%(2.0%组)和4.0%(4.0%组)。每组选取8只羊在1(预试期开始当天)、13和73 d晨饲前采集血液,测定1、13和73 d血清钙、磷含量及1和13 d血清甲状旁腺素(PTH)、降钙素(CT)、25-羟基维生素D(25-OH-VD)含量;73 d每组选取6只羊屠宰,取背腰最长肌进行肌肉中钙、磷含量的测定。结果表明:1)随饲粮中磷酸脲添加量的增加,血清钙含量降低,磷含量增加。其中,血清钙含量在1和73 d时各组间差异不显著(P0.05),但在13 d时4.0%组显著低于其他各组(P0.05)。血清磷含量在1 d时各组间差异不显著(P0.05);13 d时4.0%组显著高于对照组、0.5%组和2.0%组(P0.05);73 d时4.0%组显著高于对照组和0.5%组(P0.05),对照组显著低于1.0%组、2.0%组、4.0%组(P0.05)。2)各组背腰最长肌中的钙、磷含量差异不显著(P0.05)。3)血清中各组间的PTH、25-OH-VD含量差异不显著(P0.05);13 d时,1.0%组和2.0%组的血清CT含量显著低于对照组和4.0%组(P0.05)。由此可见,磷酸脲的添加可使得血清和肌肉中钙含量降低、磷含量增加,对血清PTH和25-OH-VD含量无显著影响,但会引起血清CT含量的显著变化;饲粮添加4.0%的磷酸脲会引起羔羊增重受到抑制。     

Serum acute phase proteins and swine health status

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between swine health status and the concentration of the serum acute phase proteins, haptoglobin (HP), and C-reactive protein (CRP). A total of 378 clinically healthy pigs from farms A and B, plus 20 pigs culled from farm A due to poor growth, were used in this experiment. Each pig was examined and blood samples were collected during slaughter. The HP concentration was measured by using an HP-hemoglobin binding assay. The CRP concentration was measured by using a CRP enzyme immunoassay. Gross and histopathological lesions were examined and recorded at slaughter. Representative samples were then collected in order to isolate pathogens. Swine enzootic pneumonia, found in 47.7% of the pigs, was the most common lesion. Other lesions included pleuropneumonia (32.7%), suppurative pneumonia (10.3%), fibrinous pericardititis (4.3%), Ascaris migration in the liver (33.9%), and intestinal serositis (3.0%).     

Serum thyroxine and triiodothyronine concentrations in canine pyoderma

In an effort to evaluate the effect of pyoderma on circulating iodothyronines, plasma triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) values were determined before and after thyroid stimulating hormone administration in 25 dogs with pyoderma and in 15 controls. Basal T4 values were increased in dogs with pyoderma, but neither stimulated T4 nor T3 values were altered by this condition. On the basis of low values for circulating iodothyronines, hypothyroidism was suspected in 3 dogs in the pyoderma group. The dog with the most involved lesions had extremely low T3 and T4 values as well as an autoimmune disease. It was concluded that most dogs with pyoderma do not have thyroid dysfunction.