共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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选用16只17.5kg左右、5~6月龄的本地公绵羊肥育60天,添加吡啶羧酸铬(CrPic)(试验Ⅰ组)、Cr-Cl·6H2O+烟酸(试验Ⅱ组)和CrCl·6H2O(试验Ⅲ组),研究对肥育绵羊血液糖脂代谢产物和免疫球蛋白含量的影响.结果表明添加有机铬组、无机铬+烟酸组的血糖浓度、甘油三酯、胆固醇显著低于对照组和无机铬组(P<0.05),而有机铬组和无机铬+烟酸组相比较差异不显著(P>0.05);有机铬组和无机铬+烟酸组总蛋白含量显著高于对照组和无机铬组(P<0.05);白蛋白各组间无显著差异(P>0.05);有机铬组尿素氮水平显著低于其它两组.添加有机铬、无机铬+烟酸有增加IgA的趋势,而IgM有降低趋势.添加有机铬能促进机体蛋白质的合成代谢,改善机体的健康状况. 相似文献
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铬在自然界中广泛存在,20世纪90年代以后,人们才开始对有机铬在动物营养学中的应用进行研究,发现有机铬在提高畜禽的生产性能、调节内分泌、提高胴体品质、影响免疫应答、改善糖和矿物质代谢等方面均发挥一定的作用。现有资料表明,补充适当的有机铬对猪的生长、繁殖、胴体品质、应激与免疫等均有不同程度的影响。本文就有机铬的营养研究和其在猪生产上的应用作一综述。1 铬的来源、代谢及其在猪体内的分布1.1 铬 的 来 源铬有两种形式—无机铬和有机铬。无机铬有氯化铬(CrCl·6H2O)、三氧化二 3铬(Cr2O3)等,有机铬有酵母铬、烟… 相似文献
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自1797年法国化学家Luis Vaupuelin发现铬(chromium,Cr)元素以来,在很长的一段时间内,铬被认为是有毒有害的致癌物质.直到20世纪90年代以后,人们才逐步发现在动物饲料中添加有机铬(烟酸铬、酵母铬、吡啶羧酸铬、氨基酸螯合铬和蛋白质铬)对动物的生产性能有一定的促进作用.本文就有机铬的生化功能和营养作用及其应用进展作一综述. 相似文献
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铬以无机铬和有机铬形式存在,有机铬有吡啶甲酸铬、酵母铬、吡啶羧酸铬、氨基酸铬等。有机铬的生物学效价高于无机铬,Anderson等和Offenbacher等报道,无机铬的吸收率仅为1%~3%,且与日粮摄入量成反比。Sceley报道有机铬吸收率为10%~25%,而GTF~Cr最易吸收。大量的研究表明,饲料中添加铬,对猪、鸡的生长、发育、免疫、繁殖和胴体品质等均有影响,但在羊生产方面的研究尚不多见。此次试验以杂种羊 相似文献
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有机铬的营养与生理作用研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
铬是人和动物必需的微量元素之一,在机体许多生理机能中起着重要作用.本文主要对最近国内外有关有机铬对动物物质代谢、生殖和内分泌功能、免疫功能和抗热应激的影响及有机铬的添加效果和毒性等几个方面的相关研究进行综述,旨在为研究有机铬的营养作用提供参考. 相似文献
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通过对有机铬的生物活性的论述,并结合国内外众多学者对其的研究结果,阐述了有机铬对人体的生物作用、及其目前在生物领域的开发应用情况。在人体和动物体中含有多种微量元素,铬就是其中之一,铬有无机铬和有机铬之分。它是人体维持正常糖代谢的必需元素之一,国内外大量研究表明,为提高人体铬营养水平,补充有机铬优于无机铬;动物缺乏铬也会像人一样引起胰岛素功能的下降,从而导致血脂浓度高、对应激敏感、免疫功能受抑制、繁殖功能下降、生产水平低下、胴体品质下降等一系列后果。具有生物活性的铬是分泌胰岛素所不可缺少的,而缺少胰岛素会影响采食量。它还有调节能量,增加瘦肉率,降低脂肪,改善胴体品质等作用。 相似文献
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展望有机铬在生物领域的开发与应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
王长顺 《动物科学与动物医学》2003,20(8):53-54
通过对有机铬的生物活性的论述,并结合国内外众多学者对其的研究结果,阐述了有机铬对人体的生物作用、及其目前在生物领域的开发应用情况。在人体和动物体中含有多种微量元素,铬就是其中之一,铬有无机铬和有机铬之分。它是人体维持正常糖代谢的必需元素之一,国内外大量研究表明。为提高人体铬营养水平。补充有机铬优于无机铬;动物缺乏铬也会像人一样引起胰岛素功能的下降,从而导致血脂浓度高、对应激敏感、免疫功能受抑制、繁殖功能下降、生产水平低下、胴体品质下降等一系列后果。具有生物活性的铬是分泌胰岛素所不可缺少的,而缺少胰岛素会影响采食量。它还有调节能量,增加瘦肉率,降低脂肪,改善胴体品质等作用。 相似文献
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《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2008,17(4):476-481
Chromium has been considered by many nutritionists as an essential nutrient for animals and humans. Research on the use of Cr from organic sources in poultry is limited. Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of dietary addition of 0, 200, 400, or 800 ppb Cr as chromium propionate on growth performance and carcass traits in 0- to 42- or 0- to 49-d-old broilers. The results of these experiments indicate that Cr as chromium propionate improved feed efficiency in the later phases of growth and decreased mortality in one experiment but not another. Also, chromium propionate supplementation had no effect on carcass traits. 相似文献
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S M Taylor T R Mallon W J Blanchflower D G Kennedy W P Green 《The Veterinary record》1992,130(13):264-268
Groups of parasite-free lambs and calves which were either housed and fed hay and concentrates or were grazing on pasture were dosed separately with the oral anthelmintics fenbendazole and ivermectin (lambs only). The plasma concentrations of the drugs and their major metabolites were monitored during the period of their metabolism and excretion. The peak plasma concentrations and the availability of the drugs, as estimated by the areas under the plasma concentration-time curves, were significantly less in the grazing animals. When similar groups of lambs were dosed orally with the inert marker chromium EDTA, which has a particle size similar to the anthelmintics, it was observed that a higher percentage of chromium was excreted by the grazing lambs during the first 40 hours after dosing, suggesting that the extent of absorption in the grazing animals was less than in the housed animals. 相似文献
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Yuhe TIAN Qisheng ZHU Jiayu YUAN Robert KNEEPKENS Yuan YUE Chao ZHANG 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2021,67(4):283
Chromium in its trivalent form (chromium (III)) is an essential component of a balanced diet, and its deficiency disturbs glucose and lipid metabolism in humans and animals. The prevailing view is that chromium (III) is notably less toxic than chromium (VI), which is genotoxic and carcinogenic. Thus, the biotransformation of environmental chromium (VI) to chromium (III) is a promising and environmentally friendly detoxification method. However, increasing evidence suggests that chromium (III) induces considerable cytotoxicity. However, the toxicity of chromium (III) to early embryos remains largely unknown. In the present study, we used in vitro fertilization (IVF) to produce mouse embryos and identified the direct embryotoxicity of chromium (III). On exposure to high concentrations of CrCl3, blastocyst formation almost completely failed and a large proportion of embryos were arrested at the 2- to 4-cell stage. At low concentrations of CrCl3, IVF embryos showed a significant decrease in blastocyst formation, reduced total cell numbers, aberrant lineage differentiation, increased oxidative stress, and apoptosis. We also found that chromium (III) exposure during the preimplantation stage, even at low concentrations, led to impaired post-implantation development. Thus, our study substantiates the direct embryotoxicity of chromium (III) during preimplantation development and prolonged impairment of development potential. The results further highlight the potential adverse effects of chromium (III) on public reproductive health with respect to increased environmental enrichment of and dietary supplementation with chromium (III) complexes. 相似文献
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动物铬的营养研究进展 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
本文从铬的生物活性形式—葡萄糖耐量因子、铬的吸收及其影响因素、应激对铬代谢的影响、铬对物质代谢的影响以及在常规饲粮中添加铬的生物学效应等5个方面,扼要地评述了动物铬的营养研究进展。 相似文献
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酵母铬对热应激牛免疫功能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用MTT法、ELASA、玫瑰花环试验法,对热应激奶牛在接受不同剂量酵母铬后免疫功能指标的变化,探讨酵母铬对热应激奶牛免疫功能的影响规律。结果表明:(1)试验Ⅲ组三类免疫球蛋白水平比其他组高,试验Ⅲ组夏季IgM含量与其他组相比差异显著(P<0.05),IgG,IgA差异均不显著(P>0.05)。(2)体细胞数不同组间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。(3)试验Ⅲ组奶牛淋巴细胞刺激指数上升,显著高于其他组(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ组与对照组E-玫瑰花环形成率均低于试验Ⅱ与Ⅲ组,差异均显著(P<0.05)。说明使用酵母铬奶牛在夏季的机体免疫功能较强,能较好地抵抗热应激的危害。 相似文献