不同组合三元杂种猪的生产性能对比试验

试验表明，０－２１０日龄三元杂种猪生长速度，饲料报酬，屠宰率和经济效益分别比本地二元猪提高１２．３％－１７．１％，６．１％－１２。１％，３．７５％－７％和８５．７－１０３．２元。其中外三元杂种商品猪经济效益增加为显著，比本地二元杂种猪头均增收１０３．２元，但该组合母猪发情不明显，产仔数较少，商品猪对饲料营养水平，管理技术要求较高，故适于饲养管理水平较高的规模猪场饲料；内三元杂种商品猪比本地二元猪头     

“天元”中草药饲料添加剂对肉鸡促生长效果的研究

试验以添加０．１％“天元”中草药饲料添加剂，与肉鸡料中的常用饲用抗生素行为期４２天的肉鸡饲养对比试验。结果表明：４２日龄０龄０．１％中草药组平均体重为２０４２克，料重比为１．９８，成活率为９６．１％，抗生素组平均体重为２００８克，料重比为１０．９８，成活率为９６．２％，“天元“饲料添加剂比抗生素组增重提高１．７％二组饲料转化率，成活率基本一致，可见具有相同的饲养效果，而且使用”天元“中草药饲料添加     

不同杂交配套方式生产性能对比试验

本试验表明，０～２１０日龄三元杂交猪生长速度、饲料报酬、屠宰率分别比本地二元猪提高１２．３％～１７．１％、６．１％～１２．１％、３．７５～７个百分点。每出栏一头三元杂交猪比本地二元猪提高经济效益８５．７～１０３．２元。其中外三元杂交商品猪经济效益最高，比本地二元猪头均增收１０３．２元，但该组合母猪发情不明显，产仔数（９．８头／胎）较少，商品猪对饲料营养水平、管理技术要求较高，故适于饲养管理水平较高的规模猪场饲养；内三元杂交商品猪比本地二元猪头均增收８５．７元，该组合商品猪较外三元耐粗饲、抗病力强、对饲料营养和管理技术要求较低，母猪发情明显、产仔数（１１．７５头／胎）适中，故适于饲养管理较粗放的小规模专业户饲养。     

三元杂交猪早期饲养试验

我们于１９９７年４月２５日至５月２７日在响水县万头良种猪养殖场进行了三元杂交猪饲养试验,试验用杜长大〔杜洛克×（长白×大约克）〕杂交猪测定了三种饲料配方下的早期生长性能。以期了解杜长大在几种饲料情况下的生长情况,从而为推广该杂交组合猪确定适宜的饲养条件。１　材料与方法１．１　试验猪选择　选择６０日龄左右体重相近的杜长大三元杂交猪６窝,去势,驱虫,免疫注射,随机分为３组,每组２窝１５头,每组性别比例基本相同（１１）。１．２　饲粮组成　见表１。１．３　饲养管理及饲养时间１．３．１　饲养管理：预试期…     

园叶决明青贮代替精料饲养肉猪初报

本试验选用１８头长白杂肉猪分成３个组，加入不同比例的青贮园叶决明代替日粮中部分精饲料饲养肉猪。试验结果表明：在肉猪日粮中加入青贮园叶决明的数量为：小猪阶段５％－８％，中猪阶段１０％－１３％，大猪阶段１３％－１８％，其增重速度、饲料比２个试验组与对照组差异均不显著，而饲料成本，每增重１公斤试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组分别比对照组降低０．３２元和０．４４元，饲养１头肉猪可节省精饲料２４－３４公斤。利用青贮园叶决明饲养     

中草药饲料添加剂系列产品饲喂育肥猪的试验

中草药饲料添加剂系列产品，是利用秦巴山区丰富的中草药资源为主要原料，以中兽医学理论为依据，结合我国饲养实际研制的廉价，高效，无抗药性，无残留，具有中国特色的新型饲料添加剂。于１９８９～１９９１年，育肥猪２０１８头，对其中３４１头分批进行了系统的试验观测，结果表明，复方中草药组比对照组平均日增重提高２０．２４％（１１．１～３４．８％）（Ｐ〈０．０５），饲料报酬提高１６．８２％（１０．２７～３６．４１     

抗热应激中草药饲料添加剂对商品 猪生产性能的影响

试验表明,夏季高温时,使用具开胃健脾、清热消暑功能的中草药配制饲料添加剂,可以缓解热环境对商品猪的生产性能的影响,试猪体重可提高8.7%,饲料利用率提高12.4%,每公斤增重的饲料成本比不添加组节省8.3%.     

蚕沙喂猪效果试验

１　材料与方法１．１　试验猪　选择大×本杂种商品猪,第１期（肥育前期）４０头按性别、体重随机分为２组,每组分２栏饲养,每栏１０头,组间体重相近,试验期７５天;第２期（肥育后期）４０头分为２组,每组分２栏饲养,每栏１０头,组间体重相近,试验期６０天。１．２　饲粮组成　基础日粮用本县饲料公司生产的配合料,按参试猪的不同生长阶段,第１期用中猪料,第２期用大猪料。试验组第１期基础日粮９０％、蚕沙１０％;第２期基础日粮８５％,蚕沙１５％;对照组基础日粮１００％。１．３　饲料营养水平　第１期每１ｋｇ基础饲料…     

中草药添加剂及不同饲粮类型对生长育肥猪血液生化指标的影响

选用长白ד苏黑”生长育肥猪60头分成中草药、全植物性饲料中草药、混合型饲料(即含鱼粉饲料)中草药 VE Se、全植物性饲料,中草药 VE Se、混合型饲料,全植物性饲料对照组,混合型饲料对照组6个组,每组2个重复,每个重复5头共10头猪进行饲养试验,分别于70kg、100kg体重时采血进行了血液生理生化指标分析。此试验为揭示中草药添加剂对猪的促生长、改善胴体品质和肉品质作用机理提供了一定的生理学依据。     

民星复合酶饲喂生长猪试验报告

１试验目的为探讨民星公司发酵制品厂研制的复合酶饲喂生长猪的增重效果，对２０公斤以上的生长猪进行了１个月的饲养试验。本试验从１９９７年１０月１３日～１１月１２日２试验方法２．１试验饲料对照组：民星公司江西饲料厂生产的小猪全价配合料。试验组：江西饲料厂小猪料中加入０．１％复合酶制剂。复合酶由民星发酵分厂提供。２．２试验动物在民星公司种猪场进行，选用杜、长、大三元杂交生长猪４０头，按性别、体重搭配均匀，随机分成４栏，每栏１０头，试验组和对照组各２０头。２．３预试预试期为７天，预试期间，对猪只进行各种疫…     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.