Constituents and cytotoxicity of Zanthoxylum rhesta stem bark

3,5-Dimethoxy-4-geranyloxycinnamyl alcohol (1), 8-methoxy-N-methylflindersine (2), xanthyletin and sesamin have been isolated from petroleum ether extract of the stem bark of Zanthoxylum rhesta. The petroleum ether extract and 8-methoxy-N-methylflindersine showed cytotoxicity on brine shrimp nauplii.     

Molluscicidal activity against Oncomelania hupensis of Ginkgo biloba

In search for molluscicidal active components, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and water extracts from Ginkgo sarcotesta were evaluated against the snail Oncomelania hupensis. The bioassay-oriented showed that the activity concentrates in the petroleum ether extract (LD(50) 7.81 ppm). Ginkgolic acids, isolated from the petroleum ether extract, exhibited strong molluscicidal activity (LD(50) 1.49 ppm), gingkgolic acid C15:1 having the strongest molluscicidal activity.     

大戟狼毒不同部位提取物对朱砂叶螨的触杀活性

研究大戟狼毒不同部位不同溶剂提取物对朱砂叶螨的生物活性。结果表明:大戟狼毒根石油醚提取物杀螨活性高于根的其他溶剂和茎、叶不同溶剂提取物。该提取物对朱砂叶螨雌成螨有较高的触杀活性,质量浓度为1mg·mL-1时,24h后雌成螨的校正死亡率达到52.73%,对卵的效果相对较差,质量浓度为4mg·mL-1时卵的校正死亡率为55.21%。进一步对大戟狼毒根石油醚提取物进行萃取分离及生物活性跟踪测定发现:萃取物中石油醚相的活性明显大于氯仿相和甲醇相;对石油醚萃取物的柱层析分离最终得到16个流分,其中以第11个流分杀螨效果最好,质量浓度为1mg·mL-1时,24h后雌成螨的校正死亡率达到86.67%,质量浓度为4mg·mL-1时卵的校正死亡率为66.33%。     

Antimicrobial activity of Memecylon malabaricum leaves

The petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol extracts of Memecylon malabaricum leaves were tested for antimicrobial activity. Only methanol extract has shown activity against bacteria both Gram (+) and Gram (-), and fungi.     

Antimicrobial activity of Eupatorium ayapana

Petroleum ether and methanolic extracts of leaves of Eupatorium ayapana were tested for their antimicrobial activity. The petroleum ether extract showed higher antibacterial and antifungal activity than the methanolic extract.     

Effect of Aerva lanata on solid tumor induced by DLA cells in mice

Aerva lanata whole plant was extracted with petroleum ether, methanol and acetone. The partially TLC-purified fraction (PEF) of petroleum ether extract was proved to be cytotoxic to Dalton's lymphoma ascites (DLA), Ehrlich ascites (EA) and B16F10 cell lines in vitro. Since PEF was found to be more cytotoxic to DLA cell lines, it was used to study the pharmacological effect and its potential to reduce solid tumor induced by DLA cell lines in mice. The result indicated that PEF significantly reduced the development of solid tumor in mice.     

山核桃外果皮中的抑菌活性成分

用不同溶剂对山核桃外果皮甲醇浸膏进行萃取分离,得石油醚相、氯仿相、乙酸乙酯相、正丁醇相,以番茄早疫病菌、苹果腐烂病菌、小麦赤霉病菌、水稻纹枯病菌、黄瓜菌核病菌等5种病菌进行抑菌活性试验.结果表明:正丁醇相抑菌活性最强,氯仿相和石油醚相次之,乙酸乙酯相最弱.对氯仿相进行初步分离,得到7个单体化合物:乔松酮,黄卡瓦胡椒素,5-羟基-4',7-二甲氧基黄酮,5-羟基-2-甲氧基-1,4-萘醌,5-羟基-6,7-二甲氧基黄烷酮,乔松素,β-谷甾醇,均为首次从山核桃中分离得到,它们对玉米大斑病菌和水稻稻瘟病菌孢子萌发均有不同程度的抑制作用.     

A comparative study of Ferula hermonis root extracts and sildenafil on copulatory behaviour of male rats

The effect of 600 mg/kg given by oral route to rats of Ferula hermonis roots extracts (petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, methanol and water) was evaluated on sexual behaviour of male rats. Petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts produced a significant decrease in both the mount rate (MR) and the intromission rate (IR), significant prolongation of intromission latency (IL) was observed when these extracts were compared with both controls and sildenafil. Methanolic extract produced a significant increase in MR while no effect has been observed on IR or IL in comparison with control. The effect of water extract was not significantly different from controls for the MR and IR, but there was a significant prolongation in the IL.     

Antimicrobial activity of Loranthus micranthus harvested from kola nut tree

Various solvent extracts of Loranthus micranthus exhibited varying degrees of antimicrobial activity. Only the petroleum ether extract showed antifungal activity. The methanol extract showed the best antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis.     

Antibacterial activity of Punica granatum

Successive petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol and water extracts of Punica granatum were tested (in vitro) for their antibacterial activity. The methanolic extract was found to be most effective against all tested microorganisms.     

Antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of Miliusa velutina.

Goniothalamusin and two mixtures, acetogenins-A and acetogenins-B, isolated from a petroleum ether extract of the stem bark of Miliusa velutina exhibited significant antibacterial and cytotoxic activities.     

In vitro antioxidant activity of Argyreia cymosa bark extracts

The Argyreia cymosa bark extracts were subjected to in vitro antioxidant activity with different methods. The petroleum ether extract has shown antioxidant activity in ABTS, nitric oxide, hydroxyl radical (by p-NDA) and lipid peroxidation methods. The ethyl acetate extract has shown antioxidant activity in DPPH, H(2)O(2) and hydroxyl radical (by deoxyribose) scavenging methods.     

Antimicrobial activity of Newtonia hildebrandtii

Successive petroleum ether, dichloromethane and methanol extracts of Newtonia hildebrandtii stem bark were tested in vitro for their antifungal and antibacterial activity. The methanol extract was found to be the most effective against the tested pathogens.     

超声波辅助提取白果粗脂肪

以自制白果粉为原料,分析了提取溶剂、粉料粒度、提取温度、超声波功率、料液比、提取时间及提取次数对白果出油率的影响。结果表明:石油醚(沸程60～90℃)是较适宜的提取溶剂,出油率为3.88%。最佳提取工艺为:白果粉粉碎度80目,提取温度25℃,超声波提取功率200 W,料液比1∶25(g/ml),每次提取时间40 min,提取次数2次。最优工艺条件下,出油率为3.86%,较索氏提取法,该工艺对白果粗脂肪的提取率为98.71%。     

牵牛子提取物对朱砂叶螨的生物活性

报道牵牛子提取物对朱砂叶螨的生物活性.牵牛子石油醚提取物质量浓度为2 mg·mL-1时,对朱砂叶螨的雌成螨和卵24 h后的校正死亡率分别达到93.7%和77.3%,LC50分别为0.697 9和1.303 7 mg·mL-1;对雌成螨24 h后的产卵抑制率和驱避率分别达到82.51%和94.54%.萃取物中石油醚相的活性明显高于甲醇相,质量浓度为2 mg·mL-1时,石油醚萃取物对朱砂叶螨的雌成螨和卵24 h后的校正死亡率分别达到96.2%和82.1%,LC50分别为0.504 2和1.101 6 mg·mL-1;对石油醚萃取物的柱层析分离最终得到流分12个,其中以第8流分杀螨效果最好,质量浓度为2 mg·mL-1时,24 h对雌成螨的校正死亡率达96.4%,LC50是0.447 7mg·mL-1.     

Antimicrobial properties of Indigofera dendroides leaves

The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the aqueous, petroleum ether, methanol extracts and eight TLC fractions of the methanol extract of Indigofera dendroides leaves have been evaluated.     

Antimicrobial and free radical scavenging activities of Teucrium montanum

The antimicrobial and free radical scavenging activities of petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water extracts of Teucrium montanum were investigated. Ethyl acetate, chloroform and n-butanol extracts expressed a wide range of inhibiting activity against both Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria. n-Butanol extract possessed potent DPPH free radical scavenging activity.     

不同抽提试剂对油茶籽含油率测定的影响

为了利用抽提试剂优化测定油茶籽的含油率,本文选用石油醚（沸点30～60℃）、正己烷、丙酮、氯仿、乙醇等5种试剂分别对油茶籽进行抽提试验.结果表明：除乙醇外,石油醚、正己烷、丙酮、氯仿均可作为测定油茶籽含油率的抽提试剂;正己烷、丙酮、氯仿、乙醇的回收率高于石油醚,均为90％左右;正己烷、氯仿的抽提时间最短,为6h,但正己烷的价格高于氯仿;综合考虑,氯仿的抽提效果最好.     

酸枣仁中一个新的角型呋喃黄酮苷

对鼠李科植物酸枣仁的化学成分进行了研究,分离得到一个新的角型呋喃黄酮苷类化合物.研究流程如下:药材的70%乙醇提取物依次用石油醚、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取,乙酸乙酯部分再经过反复硅胶柱层析后得到一个黄酮苷类化合物.经酸水解和波谱分析,其结构确证为一个新的角型呋喃黄酮鼠李糖苷,命名为spinorhamnoside.     

杨树枝条韧皮部提取液对光肩星天牛羧酸酯酶的影响

分别用石油醚和甲醇浸提8种杨树枝条韧皮部，测定提取液对光肩星天牛幼虫羧酸酯酶活力的影响。试验表明：新疆杨石油醚提取液的影响与加拿大杨这间存在显著差异；新疆杨甲醇提取液的影响与毛白杨、山海关杨、I－214杨、北京杨之间，J－杨、加拿大杨与山海关杨、I－214杨、北京杨之间，存在显著差异。