肉鸡日粮中添加微生态饲料的效果

肉鸡日粮中添加微生态饲料的效果贵州农学院周碧君，江萍，夏先林，刘作易微生态饲料（ＭｉｃｔｏｂｅＦＡ９３１０）系选用对人畜有益无害的乳酸菌、酵母菌等生理菌种，通过微生物学技术加工而成。它具有调整消化道菌群，使有益微生物占居优势，维持肠道微生态平衡，提供...     

西瓜皮粉饲喂蛋鸡效果初报

西瓜属葫芦科，一年生草本，我国除少数寒冷地区外南北皆有栽培。西瓜皮在中草药称西瓜翠衣，能清热解暑，主治暑热烦渴。开发利用西瓜皮资源，提高蛋鸡产蛋量，是变废为宝，利于城乡人民健康生活的一项重要措施。因此我们于2003年7月至8月以煮沸，软化，并干燥粉碎的鲜瓜皮粉为原料，以不同     

蛋鸡日粮中添加稀土效果的研究

<正> 作者进行了蛋鸡日粮中添加稀土效果的研究,旨在探讨稀土对产蛋性能、蛋品质及种蛋孵化效果的影响。1.材料与方法1.1稀土的选择试验所用的硝酸稀土为全国稀土农用示范厂——河南省商丘冶炼厂产品,以氧化物计含稀土38%,白色稍带红色,粉粒状。1.2试鸡的选择与分组在信阳市种鸡场采用同批龄迪卡雏鸡,于19周龄挑选健康母鸡共192只,随机分成48组,每组4只.随机分组设计,16次重复。每个处理64只,共3个处理,其中2个处理为试验组,在基础日粮中分别加入0.03%和0.05%稀土,1个处理为对照组,仅喂给基础日粮。     

商品蛋鸡产蛋期添加生态宝饲喂效果观察

我场是存栏20万只鸡的商品蛋鸡场。在当前市场竞争激烈的形势下，我们意识到，养鸡业要想生存、创效益，关键在于降低成本，提高产蛋率，减少发病，提高成活率，改变旧的常规饲养模式，生产无药物残留、营养价值高的绿色保健鸡蛋。从1997年7月份开始推广试验微生态制剂在育雏、育成期替代抗菌素，获得成功。育雏药费支出，每只雏鸡从1角降到不足1分钱。从1999年11月又开始在产蛋鸡中推广使用北京天地大科技有限公司生产的生态宝粉剂，不再使用任何药物，同样获得增强抗病力，提高生产力的可喜效果。一、饲喂方法用生态宝0.13 %拌料，每周一…     

磊菌宝微生态饲料饲喂蛋鸡试验

1试验名称 磊菌宝饲料不同处理法饲喂蛋鸡效果的观察。     

微生态益生菌粉枉肉鸡日粮中的应用效果

1 材料与分组 试验用鸡：选择北京“艾维茵”0～56日龄的肉鸡，共计1600只。 “微生态益生菌粉”：辽宁省微生物研究所生产。粗蛋白40．55％、总菌数135亿个／g、酵母菌总数35亿个／g。     

微生态制剂饲喂的鸡试验报告

为了提高畜禽的生长速度和防病抗病能力，目前普遍的作法是在畜禽饲料中添加抗菌素和促生长剂，虽然能达到促生长和防病抗病的效果，但其副作用也不容忽视，如导致畜禽体内菌群失调、耐药菌株的产生、免疫机能下降及药残等。这不但影响了人们的饮食安全，而且还影响了畜禽产品的出口创汇，大大制约着畜牧业的发展。而微生态制剂能调节畜禽肠道微生物群落，维持肠道菌群平衡，增强畜禽免疫力，提高畜禽生产力，再加上其无毒副作用、无耐药性、无残留等特点，使其可以成为饲用抗生素的替代品。为了验证微生态制剂在肉鸡生产中的应用效果，我们…     

微生态制剂不同饲喂方法的效果

近年来 ,以调整动物消化道微生态平衡 ,防病治病 ,提高生产性能 ,减少药物残留和环境污染等为目的而研制的各种微生态制剂 ,在实验和生产实践中显出独特的优势。但不同种类、不同品系的动物所需的微生态制剂的类型和活菌量以及使用周期是各有差异的。鉴于此 ,选择以往研究较少的商品代蛋鸡 (公 )育成期进行微生态制剂添加试验 ,以期为生产实践提供必要的参考。1　材料与方法1 .1　试验试剂微生态制剂由山东农业大学预防兽医学系动物微生态工程实验室提供。主菌种为蜡样芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌 ,活菌含量为 1 0 9CFU/g。1 .2　基础日粮和营…     

葱甘蓝粉饲喂蛋鸡的试验

葱甘蓝粉为葱叶、甘蓝叶的加工品，它内含多种营养成分及抗菌物质。用它作饲料添加剂饲喂畜禽，具有明显的抗菌效果，并且起到调味、补充营养和助消化的作用。作者在本场进行了抗菌效能及营养价值、经济效益的测试，取得了令人满意的效果。现予报导，从飨读者。1 试验材料与方法1．1 葱甘蓝粉：由成熟无污染的大葱叶和甘蓝叶经除去杂质、晾干、紫外线杀菌灯消毒后，以1∶1的配比，加工粉碎混匀而成，其颜色为枯黄或浅绿色。1．2 参试鸡选择：选择120～220日龄的伊莎褐羽商品代健康产蛋鸡，按年份分为2组，对照组（1998年）189只、试验组（19…     

新型微生态制剂──生态宝在蛋鸡日粮中的添加效果

近４０年来,抗生素在畜牧业中的广泛应用有力地促进了畜牧业的发展,但是近些年来研究发现,抗生素的普遍应用给人们带来难以克服的弊端,它在消灭致病菌的同时也消灭了对动物机体有益的生理性细菌,破坏了肠道菌群平衡,出现菌群失调现象,致使条件性致病菌过度繁殖及定位转移,容易发生内源性感染或二重感染;另一方面,在抗生素的压力下,通过突变或选择可使肠道菌群和抗生素耐药菌株增加,这潜在的危害是巨大的。鉴于这种情况,反对饲料中添加抗生素的呼声越来越高,欧共体１９７０年规定饲料中可使用１３种抗生素,１９８５年修订后只…     

Feed formulation using phytase in laying hen diets

Lohmann LSL-Lite and Classic Brown laying pullets were reared and caged at the Agassiz Research Centre following recommendations of the management guides. At 30 wk of age, these hens were fed 1 of 5 diets per strain following the Lohmann nutrient recommendations. In addition to a control treatment, diets were formulated to contain 300 or 600 U/kg of phytase, with or without enzyme inclusion, where the phytase was assumed to cause the release of P, Ca, energy, and protein. Diets were changed at 45 wk to follow a phase-feeding program, but treatments remained the same. These dietary changes did not result in major changes in measures associated with P deficiency, likely because the management guides suggest P levels that largely exceed the requirements of the birds. Rather than adding high levels of inorganic P to layer feeds, the safety margin currently included in recommended dietary specifications could be provided by the addition of phytase. This would reduce the negative environmental effects of intensive poultry production that are associated with P excretion.     

The necessity of supplementing laying hen diets with linoleic acid

Results from four experiments with laying hens have been re‐examined using the means of individual 28‐d periods during egg production to investigate the influence of the developing ovary and linoleate storage during growth on the linoleic acid requirement of the laying hen.

Apart from a possible beneficial effect during the first few weeks of production, little increase in egg weight occurs when birds are fed on conventional rearing diets and then fed on laying diets containing linoleic acid in excess of requirement.

After depletion of linoleate reserves, dietary supplementation with linoleic acid significantly increases egg weight at any age.

The necessity of supplementing diets for laying hens with linoleic acid is discussed.     

生物鱼粉在蛋鸡生产中的应用

利用角质蛋白质进行氨基酸工业化生产,使废料资源化,保持生态良性循环,作为进口鱼粉的替代品在蛋鸡生产中应用。     

关于预混料生产的几点看法

由一种或多种饲料添加剂与载体或稀释剂按一定比例配制的均匀混合物叫添加剂预混料，简称预混料。添加剂预混料的种类很多，按原料种类分类有:1.由单一原料制成的预混料，如维生素A预混料、硒预混料等；2.由同类原料组成的预混料，如复合维生素预混料、微量元素预混料；3.由不同原料组成的预混料，由二类或多类添加剂组成，如由维生素、微量元素、氨基酸、抗生素、防霉剂等组成的预混料，又叫复合添加剂预混料。随着配合饲料工业的发展，饲料添加剂工业迅速兴起，全世界批准使用的添加剂品种达数百种，每个品种又有多种规格，复合预混料的…     

Nutritional value of naked oats (Avena nuda) in laying hen diets.

1. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the use of naked oats (NO) in layer diets. In experiment 1 the use of NO supplemented with minerals, vitamins and lysine was examined. In experiment 2 layers were fed equicaloric and isonitrogenous diets containing 0-66% NO. 2. Layers fed ground NO supplemented with minerals, vitamins and lysine for 6 weeks exhibited a significant depression in food intake, egg production, egg weight and shell strength. 3. Substitution of NO at 20-66% resulted in performance comparable to that of birds fed a maize-soyabean meal diet for 12 weeks. Food intake was reduced in the first week of the experiment in birds fed diets with NO; thereafter, treatment effects were not detected. Yolk colour index progressively decreased as dietary inclusion of NO increased. 4. It is concluded that naked oats can be used at levels up to 66% in layer diets to replace all or part of the maize and part of the soyabean meal without any reduction in performance.     

Evaluating the nutritional value of date pits and demonstrating their application in laying hen diets

This experiment was carried out to study the feeding value of ground date pits (DP) (Phoenix dactylifera L.) with and without enzyme supplementation on laying hens’ performance. Apparent metabolizable energy value of DP was determined by the total collection method using 10 adult Leghorn cockerels. After that, a total number of 144 Lohmann 50‐week‐old LSL‐Lite hens were randomly allocated into six groups consisting of four replicates of six birds, based on a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement of the treatments. Six iso‐caloric and iso‐nitrogenous experimental diets including I‐corn–soya bean meal‐based control, II‐corn–soya bean meal oil‐based control and III‐ corn–soya bean meal‐based diet (180 g/kg DP) were formulated. Each of the diets was supplemented with two levels of an enzyme (0.0 and 0.07 g/kg Natozim Plus). The experiment lasted 10 weeks after 7 days of adaptation. The results revealed that there was no significant difference in feed intake, feed conversion ratio, egg production, egg mass, eggshell weight, eggshell thickness and Haugh unit among the treatments. Dietary inclusion of DP significantly decreased body weight gain (BWG), egg weight and yolk colour score. On the other hand, corn–soya bean meal‐based control diet with vegetable oil significantly increased egg weight and BWG of birds in comparison with other treatments. The serum biochemical metabolites were not affected by DP and enzyme supplementation. Thus, DP can be used as alternative feedstuff in laying hen diets, up to 18% of the diet with little effect on the performance of hens, including egg weight, and also, it had an adverse effect on yolk colour. Eventually, in terms of performance, the results failed to demonstrate any positive effect of Natozim Plus on either the controls or 18% DP diets.     

Effects on egg production of including high residual lipid copra meal in laying hen diets

1. The effects on egg production of including copra meals of 220.9 (Copra‐1) and 205.0 (Copra‐2) g residual lipids/kg, in laying hen diets at up to 400 g/kg, were examined in two feeding trials. In a separate experiment, the dry matter retention and ME of a 400 g Copra‐2/kg diet were determined between 6 to 9, 9 to 12 and 12 to 15 d of feeding.

2. Food intakes, egg output and efficiencies of food utilisation (g eggs/g food) of hens fed on Copra‐1 at 100 and 200 g/kg diet were not significantly different from controls; while food intakes at 400 g Copra‐1/kg diet were similar to controls, egg output (6.0% lower), efficiency of food utilisation and body weights of hens were significantly reduced. Hens fed Copra‐2 at 400 g/kg diet had 5.0 and 6.9% lower food intakes and egg output, respectively, and lost body weight compared to controls; however, egg output increased to that of the control group by the 11th week of feeding.

3. Initially, dry matter retention of the 400 g Copra‐2/kg diet was similar to, and ME slightly higher than the control diet; however, both were reduced significantly in the second and third collection periods. The water content of excreta from hens fed on 400 g Copra‐2/kg diet was significantly higher than that from controls.

4. Complete replacement of dietary maize, mainly with copra (experiment 1) led to an increase in pale yolks, with the 400 g Copra‐1/kg diet producing cream‐coloured yolks. Inclusion of maize at 180.6 g/kg of the 400 g Copra‐2/kg diet (experiment 2) resulted in eggs with slightly golden‐yellow yolks.     

小麦基础日粮中添加酶制剂对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响

玉米是最普遍的能量饲料，随着畜禽业的发展，对能量饲料—玉米的需求逐渐增大。我国饲料用玉米的年供应量远远不足，呈现较大的缺口，造成玉米的价格不断上涨，而我国小麦资源丰富，年产量在1亿t左右，其价格也比玉米的低。因此，研究开发小麦在饲料中的应用具有实际意义。小麦和玉米都属于能量饲料，其营养成分见表1。从表1看出，小麦粗蛋白质、氨基酸、钙、磷含量均高于玉米，能量为玉米的90%左右。但小麦中非淀粉多糖(NSP)的含量高，为玉米中的3倍。非淀粉多糖溶于水后可形成勃性凝胶，引起肠道内容物的勃稠度增加，阻碍营养物质的消…     

Tomato powder in laying hen diets: effects on concentrations of yolk carotenoids and lipid peroxidation

1. The effects of tomato powder supplementation on performance, egg quality, serum and egg yolk carotenoids, vitamins and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in were investigated in laying hens in mid-lay.

2. A total of 90 laying hens, 49 weeks old, were divided into 3 groups consisting of 6 replicate cages, 5 birds per cage. Birds were randomly fed on one of three diets: basal diet and basal diet added with 5 or 10?g tomato powder per kg diet.

3. As tomato powder concentration increased, there were linear increases in feed intake, egg production, egg weight and yolk colour and a linear decrease in feed conversion. Shell weight, shell thickness and Haugh unit remained unchanged in response to dietary treatments.

4. Concentrations of serum and egg yolk lycopene, β-carotene, lutein and vitamin A increased for both diets including tomato powder, whereas MDA decreased linearly with increasing supplemental tomato powder concentration.

5. Tomato powder supplementation increased egg production persistency and increased carotenoids and vitamin A contents in egg yolk, accompanied by reduced yolk lipid peroxidation.