共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 177 毫秒
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经过对整个东陵天柱山区域内的天柱山区、植物园区、校园的教学区3个区域内所有树木的广泛调查,共采集到裂褶菌(Schizophyllum commune)、平伏刷革菌(Xylobolus annousum)、截头炭团菌(Hypoxylon annulatum)、香栓菌(Trametes suaveolens)、绒毛栓菌(Trametes pubesens)、科普锐齿菌(Oxydonderma applanatum)、裂口平伏菌(Poria versipora)等21种引起活立木腐朽病的病原菌;从分类学上来看,这21种病原菌属于真菌和细菌2大门类。真菌当中又可以分成担子菌和子囊菌2个亚门,其中担子菌涉及到伞菌目、非褶菌目、多孔菌目、木耳目8科15个属17种;子囊菌仅2目2科3属3种;细菌类仅1属1种。 相似文献
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裂褶菌是一种兼性寄生真菌,既能腐朽枯立木和倒木,也能侵染活立木。笔者介绍了裂褶菌的分布及危害特点,阐述了山西省平定县核桃裂褶菌病害的症状、发病规律和爆发原因。最后,从改善林业技术措施、减少核桃树损伤、加强核桃溃疡病的防治、核桃裂褶菌病害化学防治4方面提出了核桃裂褶菌病害的防治技术。 相似文献
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常见腐朽菌对几种防腐剂耐药性和敏感性的试验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本研究描述了常见的4种腐朽菌对BBF、BCM、CCA防腐剂的耐药性和敏感性试验。结果表明,CCA的杀菌效果最好。用琼脂扩散法,在50PPm的浓度下,除对裂褶菌起到抑制作用外,其它3种腐朽菌均被杀死。裂褶菌对3种防腐剂都有最大的耐药性,褶孔菌次之,而彩绒革盖菌、桦革褶菌最差。用防腐剂杀死以木块为底物的腐朽菌要比杀死以PDA为底物的腐朽菌难得多。 相似文献
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根据资料综合报道165种储木及建筑木材上的腐朽菌,其中担子菌133种,子囊菌32种;引起褐色腐朽的有28种,白色腐朽137种。详细记载了每种真菌的腐朽类型、寄主和生长环境、地理分布。生长在原(储)木上的腐朽菌有三色拟迷孔菌、红缘拟层孔菌、毛盖采孔菌等8种;生长在枕木上的有褐褶菌Gloeophyllum spp.、囊孔菌Hirschioporus spp.、栓菌Trametes spp.、炭团菌Hypoxylon spp.等43种;生长在干燥环境下火烧木材上的有炭生褐褶菌、黑轮层炭壳等5种,潮湿环境下的有12种,其中裂褶菌、皱褶栓菌、黑轮层炭壳等能生长在栽培菇类的木段上,成为污染杂菌;生长在建筑木材上有5种,如皱褶栓菌、冷杉附毛菌、伏果圆炷菌(干朽菌,泪菌)等,其中伏果圆炷菌能生于各种木质物和建筑木材上,是危害最大的腐朽菌之一。 相似文献
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木材腐朽真菌在森林生态系统中起着关键的降解还原作用,是森林生态系统物质循环中不可缺少的重要组成部分.泊氏孔菌属的种类具有降解木材中的纤维素和半纤维素,造成木材褐色腐朽的功能,而混合于针叶林土壤中的褐腐残余物是针叶林生态系统更新所必不可少的.本文对中国地区泊氏孔菌属进行生态学的研究,结果表明树木腐烂程度与泊氏孔菌属的种类分布具有高度相关性,相关系数为0.885.寄主树木选择性的研究结果表明,泊氏孔菌属的种类主要生长在针叶树倒木上,有19种,占总数的86%,其中生长在云杉属和松属树木上的种类最多,而阔叶树中最适宜该属物种生长的树种是桦属和杨属树木. 相似文献
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紫叶桃是重要的园林彩叶树种,叶色美丽,观赏期长,具有很高的园林应用价值。以紫叶桃的叶片和嫩茎段为外植体,用不同浓度生长调节物质进行愈伤组织诱导试验,建立紫叶桃的再生体系。结果表明,诱导愈伤组织时,MS+2mg/LBA+1mg/L2,4-D对叶片诱导效果最佳,其诱导率达80%;MS+1mg/LBA+1mg/L2,4-D对茎段诱导效果最佳,其诱导率达100%。在MS+1mg/LBA+1mg/L NAA培养基上愈伤组织能直接分化出不定芽。 相似文献
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为了研究大气CO_2浓度升高对西藏特有植物的影响,以野生光核桃为研究材料,以栽培桃为对照,以高浓度CO_2为胁迫条件,分析野生光核桃和栽培桃的叶绿素含量、酶活性、叶片呼吸与光合指标的变化特征。结果表明:在高浓度CO_2条件下,栽培桃植株的部分叶片有黄化趋势,野生光核桃变化不明显。在高浓度CO_2条件下,野生光核桃抗氧化酶、光合和呼吸等指标均做出了积极的响应,保持了较高的酶活性,同时保持了正常的电子传递效率,且光合效率的下降主要是由非气孔因素引起。因此,与栽培桃相比,野生光核桃对高浓度CO_2逆境的抗性更强。 相似文献
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Zhi-liang Zhang Guo-dong Liu Fu-cang Zhang Cai-xia Zheng Fu-quan Ni Yin-hong Kang Yun Zeng 《林业研究》2014,25(2):365-375
A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen content [N1(no fertilizer), N2(0.15 g?kg–1), and N3(0.3 g?kg–1)] on the growth and the hydraulic characteristics of peach seedlings under different soil moisture conditions(W1, W2 and W3, in which the soil water content was 45% to 55%, 60% to 70%, and 75% to 80% of the field water capacity, respectively) by using a specialized high pressure flow meter with a root chamber and a coupling, which was connected to plant organs. Leaf area and leaf hydraulic conductivity(KL) increased significantly in the seedlings because of increased soil moisture and N content. KL increased with leaf area. A linear correlation was documented between KL and leaf area. KL was higher in the morning and began to decline sharply after 16:00, at which KL declined after an initial increase. Soil moisture and N content enhanced shoot(Ks) and root(Kr) hydraulic conductivities, thereby improving the low soil moisture condition to a large extent. Ks and Kr of the seedlings were reduced by 32% and 27% respectively in N1, and by 14.7% and 9.4%, respectively in N2, and both in W1, compared with the control treatment. N3 had no significant effect on Ks and Kr under similar conditions. Linear negative correlations were observed between Kr and the excised root diameter as well as between Ks and the shoot stem diameter. The shoot-to-root ratio increased with increase in N content. The shoot-to-root ratio in N3 was increased by 14.37%, compared with N1 in W1 as well as by 12% and 4.39% in W2 and W3, respectively. Knowledge of the effects of soil moisture and N fertilizer on hydraulic characteristics and growth is important. Our results provide basic guidelines for the implementation of water-saving irrigation and fertilization management of nursery stock. 相似文献
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Endogenous polyamine concentrations in apical buds of peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv. 'Hakuho') and monterey pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) seedlings, saplings and mature trees were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection to establish physiological correspondences and disparities between the species. Although there were many differences in polyamine metabolism between peach and monterey pine, several similarities were found. Specifically, in both species, the ratio between concentrations of free polyamines and low molecular-weight polyamine conjugates was greater than and less than unity in juvenile and adult plants, respectively. Free putrescine concentration decreased with age in both species. 相似文献
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核果类果树中microRNAs的生物信息学预测及验证 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
microRNA(miRNAs)是一类非编码小分子RNA,在植物生长发育、新陈代谢以及逆境生理中起重要作用。基于生物信息学的基因搜索和同源搜索,从NCBI数据库中登录的核果类果树的EST和GSS中寻找miRNAs。从核果类果树的107982条ESTs和48273条GSSs中搜寻到了11条miRNAs前体序列,编码11条成熟体序列,并预测到19个靶基因,分别编码与生长发育、新陈代谢和转录调节等相关的蛋白。利用miRbase数据库进一步分析表明:11条miRNAs属于8个microRNA家族,分别来自桃和梅,其大小为20~23bp,其中6条为21bp,而且ppe-miR162a和ppe-miR164f保守性最高。采用poly(A)RT-PCR方法随机对预测的ppe-miR156h,pmu-miR482,ppe-miR399a,ppe-miR171a进行组织表达验证,发现ppe-miR156h在果梅花芽中表达,pmu-miR482,ppe-miR399a,ppe-miR171a在桃叶片中表达。 相似文献