高产、优质、抗病中粳盐粳7号特征特性及栽培技术

盐粳７号系江苏省盐都县农科所育成的中粳新品种 ,经过两年试验及多点试种 ,表现高产、稳产、优质、抗病性强、熟期适中、适应性广、熟相佳等优点 ,２００１年４月通过江苏省农作物品种审定委员会审定并命名 ,适宜苏中、淮北稻区中高肥力水平田块种植。一、特征特性１.农艺性状盐粳７号分蘖性较强 ,一般每６６７ｍ２总蘖数２７～３３万 ,有效穗２２～２５万 ,成穗率７５%以上。株型集散度适中 ,剑叶短而挺 ,株高９５～１００ｃｍ。２.穗部性状盐粳７号穗型较大 ,着粒较密 ,穗长１４．５～１５ｃｍ ,每穗总粒１０５～１１０粒 ,实粒９５～１…     

早熟、优质中粳扬粳687的特征特性及其栽培技术

扬粳６８７系江苏里下河地区农科所选育而成 ,２０００年４月通过江苏省品种审定委员会审定。该品种１９９８～２０００年在江淮稻区及丘陵山区大面积试种示范 ,表现早熟、优质、高产、适应性广、抗倒伏、熟相佳等特点 ,在沿江地区可一稻两用 ,既可作麦茬单季稻种植 ,又可作直播稻、豆后稻、瓜后稻和玉米后茬稻等种植模式的主体品种应用 ,适应了当前轻型栽培和农业产业化及结构调整的需求。现将该品种的主要特征特性及其栽培技术概述如下 :一、特征特性１．熟期早江苏省淮北片中粳区试结果 ,扬粳６８７全生育期１４４．１天 ,比对照泗稻９号…     

云粳优1号

云粳优1号(曾用名滇粳优1号)是云南省农科院粳稻育种中心以银条粳×合系34号细长粒型粳稻新品种。其突出特点是稻米品质好,籽粒细长,垩白粒率低。2004年通过云南省农作物品种审定委员会审定,是云南省通过审定的第一个细长粒型粳稻品种。特征特性:云粳优1号为中偏矮秆旱熟中间型中粳。株高92.6cm,秆稍细,弹性好,株形较好,剑叶角度大,分蘖力强,穗层整齐。穗长19.2cm,穗总粒数98粒,穗实粒数72粒,千粒重25.5g,籽粒细长,壳色浅黄,不落粒,全生育期180d左右。耐肥力和抗倒伏性较强,熟色好。2003年稻米品质经农业部稻米及制品质量监督检测中心分析,…     

优良食味水稻新品种南粳46

南粳46是江苏省农科院粮食作物研究所选择培育的优质粳稻新品种，2008年1月通过江苏省农作物品种委员会审定。 该品种株高110cm左右，穗长15cm左右，总粒数140～150粒／穗，结实率90％以上，千粒重25-26g。抗条纹叶枯病，中抗白叶枯病，感穗颈瘟和纹枯病。全生育期165d左右，属中熟晚粳类型，     

粳稻新品种华粳2号的选育及栽培技术

华粳2号是江苏省大华种业集团有限公司通过复合杂交选育而成的中熟中粳稻新品种。2003年1月通过江苏省品种审定委员会审定 ,适宜淮北地区中高肥条件下种植。该品种品质理化指标达国标一级优质稻谷标准 ,高产潜力可达750kg/667m2,抗白叶枯病和稻瘟病。一、选育经过1996年以武育粳3号为母本、香粳111为父本进行杂交配组 ,并于同年冬季在海南岛以F1 为母本、92 -133为父本进行复合杂交。1997～2000年在内地和海南育种基地上对株型紧凑、分蘖性强 ,穗大粒多、抗倒性好、抗病性强、品质优异的分离单株连续多代进行选择、加代、鉴定和繁殖 ,其中…     

优质水稻新品种盐粳48的特征特性及高产栽培技术

盐粳４８是辽宁省盐碱地利用研究所１９８５年以南粳３５为母本，丰锦为父本杂交，后代按系谱法多代选择，于１９９０年F６代稳定的新品系。在省区域试验，生产试验及生产上较大面积试种示范中，表现优质、抗病、熟期适中、丰产性好、适应性广。１９９９年通过辽宁省品种审定委员会审定，成果达国内领先水平。２０００年获盘锦市科技进步一等奖及国家２０００年品种后补助二等。现将该品种的特征特性及高产栽培技术要点介绍如下：１品种的特征特性和产量表现１．１特征特性盐粳４８发芽能力强，发芽势好，秧苗健壮，耐盐碱、耐低温能力强。…     

高产、优质、抗病新品种盐稻6号的特征特性及栽培技术

盐稻６号系江苏沿海地区农科所育成的中熟中粳稻新品种。多年多点试验示范结果表明 ,该品种具有高产、稳产、熟期适中、抗性强、适应性广、米质较优等特点 ,是一个综合性状较突出的中粳稻新品种。２００１年１２月通过江苏省农作物品种审定委员会审定。一、产量表现盐稻６号１９９９～２０００年参加江苏省淮北中粳区域试验 ,两年平均每６６７ｍ２产量６３１．８ｋｇ,比泗稻９号增产８．５ % (极显著 ) ,比镇稻８８增产１．０ % (不显著 ) ,居第四位。２００１年参加江苏省淮北中粳生产试验 ,每６６７ｍ２产量６２３．６ｋｇ,比镇稻８８增产…     

水稻新品种盐粳21选育技术报告

１来源及选育经过盐粳２１是辽宁省盐碱地利用研究所１９８９年以盐粳３２为母本，中作１８０为父本进行有性杂交，后代按系谱法进行人工选择，１９９５年在F６代中选到的稳定品系。１９９６年以９６鉴２１编号进入鉴定圃，１９９７年～１９９８年进行品种比较试验，１９９９年～２０００年以盐２１系号参加省中熟组区域试验，同时进行了抗病鉴定和米质分析，２００１年进行生产试验。现已完成全部育种程序。２主要特征特性２．１苗期性状盐粳２１发芽势好，出苗快而整齐；秧苗矮壮，叶片宽厚，叶色浓绿，根系发达，苗期带蘖；抗低温能力强…     

优良迟熟中粳稻新品种华粳1号的主要特征特性及其应用

华粳１号 (原名Ｄ０９)是江苏省农垦大华种子集团有限公司育成的集高产、优质、抗病于一体的优良迟熟中粳稻新品种 ,２００２年２月通过江苏省品种审定委员会审定。适宜沿淮、沿海、沿江、丘陵及里下河等地区中高肥条件下推广种植。一、选育经过１９９６年 ,在引进种植的早熟晚粳系８９ -１６中选择２个熟期较早、性状较优的变异单株 ,经海南鉴定、繁殖 ,其中１个株系中选。１９９８年参加江苏省农垦水稻新品种区域试验 ,１９９９～２０００年参加江苏省迟熟中粳新品种区域试验 ,表现为优质、高产、抗病等特点。２００１年参加江苏省迟熟中…     

优质水稻新品种南粳46的选育与应用

南粳46是江苏省农科院粮食作物研究所选育的中熟晚粳稻新品种,全生育期165d左右,株高110cm左右,直立型穗,每穗总粒数140～150粒,结实率90％左右,千粒重25～26g。植株生长青秀,灌浆速度快,熟色好。稻米品质达国标二级优质稻谷标准,米饭晶莹剔透,有香味,口感柔软滑润,富有弹性,冷而不硬,食味品质极佳。抗条纹叶枯病,中抗白叶枯病,抗稻瘟病ZA5 ,ZB21 ,ZD7,ZF1小种,感ZC15,ZE3,ZG1小种,感穗颈瘟和纹枯病。2008年1月通过江苏省品种审定,适宜在江苏南部地区种植。     

稻麦双晚对病虫草发生的影响及解决措施

随着早熟晚粳、中熟晚粳广泛种植,水稻轻型省力栽培方式旱直播的推广,病虫也发生了变化,成熟期显著推迟,下茬无法在适宜播期种植,影响粮食丰产稳产。提出筛选早熟当家品种、大力推广机插秧、加大粮食烘干设备的投入、合理施肥、精准植保等对策。     

加强闽台科技合作交流发展我省甘蔗业

概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

大豆几种常见病虫草害的诊断与防治

1大豆花叶病毒病 大豆病毒病（Soybean Mosaic Virus,SMV）是世界性病害之一。我国东北地区已鉴定的有5种,即大豆花叶病、顶枯病、蚕豆萎蔫病、南方菜豆花叶病、花生条纹病毒。其中大豆花叶病在全国大豆主要产区都有发生,十分常见。     

大豆根潜蝇及根腐病的发生与防治

近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。     

Tuber and starch quality of wild and cultivated potato species and cultivars

Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules.     

Yield and quality of winter and spring triticales for forage and grain

In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types.     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

Effects of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Inoculation on Growth and Quality of Cucumber and Lettuce

Summary

Arbuscular mycorrhizae were inoculated into phosphorus-deficient soil fertilized with either organic or chemical fertilizer with cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) as the first crop and lettuce (Lactu-ca sativa L.) as the second crop but without additional fertilization and AM inoculation. AM increased dry matter and fruit yield of cucumber significantly in the unfertilized, organic-fertilized and P-deficient plants compared with the fully chemical-fertilized plants. AM inoculation increased the available phosphorus in plant and soil by around 30% for all treatments except for those chemically-fertilized. The rate of AM infection did not differ significantly among the fertilization treatments, but the infection intensity was higher in unfertilized, organic-fertilized and phosphorus-deficient treatments than chemical-fertilized treatment. The residual effects of AM-inoculated to cucumber were evident for lettuce in all pre-treatments that were unfertilized and un-inoculated for the second cropping. Without P-fertilization, neither crop could grow optimally even when the soil was inoculated with AM, suggesting that AM could not serve as a substitute for phosphorus fertilizer. However, the other beneficial effects of AM on crop growth and yield could not be fulfilled with phosphorus fertilizer.