南方春大豆春,秋播与籽粒蛋白质脂肪含量关系的研究

以２４个南方春大豆品种（系）为材料,进行春,秋播研究不同播季对籽粒蛋白质,脂肪,以及蛋白质,脂肪合计含量的影响,结果表明,播季间蛋白质,脂肪,以及蛋白质,脂肪合计含量均达１％的差异显著水平,蛋白质含量与出苗至开花期日均温,最高温和最低温均呈极显著正相关,与开花至成熟期日均温,最高温和最低温呈显著或极显著负相关,脂肪含量则恰好与之相反,因此,湖南秋播气候条件有利蛋白质的形成,故蛋白质含量比春播高,春     

淮北市大豆产业现状与发展对策

分析了安徽省淮北市发展高蛋白产业的六大区域比较优势,提出了确立淮北市高蛋白大豆生产的市场定位、推广专用品种与无公害标准化栽培技术、培育大豆深加工龙头企业、树立非转基因绿色大豆的品牌四项关键措施.     

Identification and isolation of methionine-cysteine rich proteins in soybean seed

We recently developed a method to identify methionine-containing proteins and quantitate their methionine contents [4]. We applied this method to soybeans and identified relatively methionine-rich proteins (MRP) among the albumins. By acidic methanol extraction of the albumins, we obtained a group of low molecular weight methionine-cysteine rich proteins (MCRP) that analyzed 4.0% methionine and 8.8% cysteine. MCRP made up 1–2% of the total protein in soybeans. Reversed-phase HPLC purification of MCRP yielded a protein peak that exhibited a single major band on denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, had a molecular weight of 16kD and contained 6.2% methionine and 18.8% cysteine. We are cloning the gene for this protein. Increasing its level through genetic engineering could increase the methionine-cysteine content of soybeans.     

大豆热脱皮工艺生产实践与效果分析

在大豆浸出制油过程中,通过增加脱皮工艺,可得到高蛋白去皮豆粕。其目的是,提高豆粕的蛋白质含量,增加浸出设备的处理量,减少生产过程的能量消耗,改善油品质量。工大集团中大植物蛋白开发股份有限公司应用热脱皮工艺生产高温豆粕,并根据不同的需要生产不同蛋白含量的等级豆粕,此种工艺可明显增加企业经济效益。     

黑龙江省大豆育成推广品种的化学品质现状

搜集黑龙江省各育种单位育成并经省品种审定委员会审定推广的大豆新品种,分析比较其脂肪、蛋白质含量现状及育成推广品种化学品质发展变化的概况及趋势,提出了黑龙江省大豆化学品质发展方向以及该省发展优质大豆的措施建议。认为黑龙江省作为全国的大豆加工原料供应基地,应当同时注重脂肪含量和蛋白质含量两个方面,但是应当对于高脂肪含量予以更多的关注。由于黑龙江省的生态条件利于大豆脂肪的形成与积累,是我国大豆的高脂肪区,而且国家已经决定将黑龙江省作为高油优质大豆生产基地,固此对于高脂肪优质品种这一育种方向,应当予以更大的注意。     

大豆分离蛋白的添加量对面包品质的影响

面包中添加大豆分离蛋白,可有效提高其营养价值和功能特性。本实验对向面包粉中单独添加大豆分离蛋白和添加大豆蛋白及乳化剂(硬脂酰乳酸钠,SSL)混合体的面包面团的流变学特性进行了比较研究,结果显示,后者明显优于前者。又对添加最大量大豆分离蛋白的面团进行了流变学特性和焙烤品质的研究,结果显示,添加了5.0%大豆分离蛋白及0.5%SSL的面包的焙烤品质最优。对生产高蛋白和功能性面包产品具有实际指导意义。     

大豆保鲜贮藏可行性研究

对大豆特别是鲜食大豆在国内外市场上的经济地位调查考证，发现其开发利用生产潜力巨大，市场前景看好，大豆保鲜是朝阳产业，对当前大豆生产、加工方面存在的主要问题，保鲜贮藏的市场前景、经济效益，对路畅销品种，土地、光能资源的节约利用，减少环境污染，节约能源等方面的可行性进行论述。     

谷子种质资源品质性状的鉴定与评价

对"十五"期间存入国家种质库的154份谷子种质资源3个主要品质性状进行了鉴定评价.结果表明,粗蛋白、粗脂肪和赖氨酸平均含量分别为13.97%、4.26%、0.26%,3个主要品质含量的频率分布均为近似正态分布.不同品质性状变异程度不同,其中粗蛋白含量变异最大.不同来源的种质品质性状比较结果表明,地方种质资源的粗蛋白和赖氨酸含量明显优于选育种质资源.通过鉴定,筛选出一批多项、双项或单项品质优良的谷子种质资源.     

大豆组织蛋白素食肉块的研制

大豆组织蛋白具有丰富的营养价值和类似于肉类的口感,它是一种高蛋白低脂肪的食品.实验目的在于用大豆组织蛋白开发出营养、便携的素食肉块调料.试验利用均匀设计的方法来确定制备大豆组织蛋白素食肉块的各材料的添加量,用感官评定方法确定各材料的最佳配比,使其达到最好的状态与口感.     

Sulfur Metabolism and Protein Quality of Soybean

Abstract

Soybean is an important source of protein in livestock production, and is of growing importance for human consumption. As a sole dietary protein source, soybean seed protein is deficient in the amino acids methionine, cysteine, and threonine. Increasing the amount of methionine in the amino acid profile of soybean meal would enhance its value for producers and consumers. Methionine contains S, and so its production is necessarily linked to sulfur metabolism within the soybean plant. Sulfur is taken up from the soil in the form of sulfate. During vegetative growth, developing leaves appear to be the predominate site of sulfate reduction and incorporation of reduced S into amino acids. During reproductive growth, developing pods and seeds seem to be the predominate location of sulfate reduction. Sulfate reduction and methionine synthesis are complex and highly regulated processes. Synthesis of storage proteins within the developing seed is sensitive to the amount of methionine present such that provision of extra methionine blocks synthesis of poor quality storage proteins. Sulfur deficiency on the other hand dramatically enhances accrual of poor quality seed storage proteins. It appears that the plant manufacturers higher qualty storage proteins as long as methionine is present in adequate quanitities relative to the non-S-amino acids. Accumulation of poor-quality seed storage proteins thus appears to be a function, at least to some degree, of rate of methionine synthesis within the seed. Efforts to enhance soybean seed protein quality may require enhanced rates of methionine synthesis within the seed to be successful.     

Effect of fermentation on protein,fat, minerals and thiamine content of pearl millet

Natural as well as single, mixed and sequential pure cutlure (S. diastaticus, S. cerevisiae, L. brevis andL. fermentum) fermentations of pearl millet flour for 72h lowered pH and raised titratable acidity. The fermentation either decreased or did not change the protein content of pearl millet flour. Natural fermentation increased whereas pure culture fermentation decreased the fat content. Ash content did not change. Natural fermentation at 20°C and 25°C increased whereas at 30°C it decreased the thiamine content of the pearl millet flour. Yeast fermentation raised the level of thiamine two- to three-fold, while lactobacilli fermentation lowered it significantly.     

Protein content and amino acid profile of some wild leguminous seeds

Seeds of 28 wild growing legumes of India were analysed for their protein content and amino acid compositions. A wide variation was observed in protein contents (18.3 to 50.9%). The amino acid composition and protein content of some of these seeds were in close proximity to that of soybean; however, some legumes registered a higher level of certain amino acids and protein as compared to the latter.     

密度对高蛋白大豆生长动态及产量的影响

为揭示黄淮海地区高蛋白大豆生长动态及产量的影响,以冀豆21为材料,研究了不同种植密度(16.5万、19.5万、22.5万、25.5万株·hm~(-2))下,高蛋白大豆不同生育期株高、叶面积指数、干物质积累分配等指标生长动态及产量的影响。结果表明:随生育期延长和密度水平增大,株高和叶面积指数均呈上升趋势,均在鼓粒期达到最大;单株及各器官干物质积累量均随密度增加而减小;群体及各器官干物质积累量随密度增加先升高后降低,鼓粒期达到峰值,鼓粒期以后开始下降,以密度22.5万株·hm~(-2)处理最大;单株及群体积累的干物质前期主要用于营养器官生长,后期主要分配给生殖器官;群体植株产量随密度水平增大先增加后减小,当密度为22.5万株·hm~(-2)时,群体产量最高,为3 726.67 kg·hm~(-2)。     

大豆组织蛋白素火腿肠的研制

大豆组织蛋白具有丰富的营养价值和类似于肉类的口感,它是一种高蛋白低脂肪的食品,且容易被人体吸收.利用组织蛋白具有类似肉及高蛋白的特点,开发一种营养、方便的素食制品以满足不同消费者的需求.研究采用均匀设计法来设计实验,通过感观评定结合质构分析确定最佳的添加量.     

充分利用资源优势,发展安徽高蛋白大豆生产

系统地分析了我国大豆生产与世界大豆生产的差距；阐述了安徽省发展高蛋白大豆在品种资源、生态条件、科研水平及生产规模、交通运输、加工转化方面的优势，提出了发展高蛋白大豆生产的指导思想和具体目标。     

转基因大豆CP4-EPSPS蛋白的降解规律研究

随着转基因技术发展和应用,转基因外源基因表达蛋白在环境中富集和降解情况成为公众关注的问题,外源蛋白在环境中的检测和监测成为转基因研究和监管的一个方向.本研究利用模拟自然降解和蛋白酶K两种方式,处理转基因大豆种子(5％GTS 40-3-2),采用Western blot、双抗夹心快速检测试纸条和酶联免疫吸附测定(ELIS...     

杂草环境下转EPSPS基因大豆NZL06-698的生态适应性研究

为研究转EPSPS基因大豆NZL06-698在杂草环境中的生态适应性,试验设置杂草处理模拟野外环境,研究转基因大豆NZL06-698(GT698)的生存竞争能力以及外源EPSPS蛋白表达情况。结果表明:在相同处理下转基因大豆GT698的株高(R8期)、百粒重显著高于亲本大豆蒙豆12(MD12),但单株产量、单株籽粒数、结实率显著低于亲本大豆,说明外源基因的存在并未增强转基因大豆的生存竞争力,且转基因大豆在野外的生存竞争能力与亲本大豆相比较弱。试验注意到,杂草环境对转EPSPS基因大豆的生长有明显的限制作用,杂草处理下转基因大豆的单株产量、单株籽粒数、百粒重、结实率等指标均显著低于对照处理。ELISA检测结果表明,转基因大豆叶片及籽粒中外源EPSPS蛋白在杂草处理及对照中均正常表达,且两种处理下的EPSPS蛋白表达量无显著差异。以上结果表明杂草环境中转基因大豆的EPSPS蛋白正常表达,正常提供抗草甘膦性状,但是外源基因的存在并没有增加转基因大豆的生存竞争能力,且转基因大豆的生长受到杂草环境的显著抑制,由此得出结论:与亲本大豆相比,转EPSPS基因大豆NZL06-698在野外环境中生态适应能力较弱。     

克山县大豆窄行密植栽培技术的应用

介绍大豆窄行密植栽培技术的增产效果。2004年克山县农业技术推广中心引进大豆窄行密植栽培技术,经过几年生产示范,增产显著。     

Nutritional value of some non-conventional plant foods of India

Thirteen non-conventional foods including fruits, leaves and grains consumed in various parts of the Indian subcontinent were analysed for their nutritional value. Khejri beans (Prsopsis cineria), Pinju (Capparis decidua) and Kachri (Cucumis species) contained considerable amounts of protein (15–18%). Kachri was rich in fat (13%). Bhakri (Tribulus terristris), Gullar (Ficus glomerata) and Peehl (Salvadora oleoides) were found to be rich sources of calcium; Gullar contained about 15 times the amount of calcium present in wheat. Phosphorus content of Santhi (Boernavia diffusa), Khejri beans, Bhakri, Pinju and Lehsora (Cordia dichotoma) were noticeable. Zinc was present in high amounts in Peepalbanti (Ficus religiosa) and Gullar; as was iron in Santhi and Bhakri and manganese in Santhi. Besides iron, zinc and calcium, Pinju contained appreciable amounts of -carotene and vitamin C. However, Santhi contained high amounts of oxalic acid.     

大豆GmLecRlk基因耐盐功能分析

凝集素类受体蛋白激酶属于类受体蛋白激酶（RLKs）家族,在植物的抗病防御反应、生长发育、胞内信号传导以及非生物胁迫反应过程中发挥重要作用。实验室前期对过表达抗逆转录因子GmNFYB1大豆进行转录组测序,获得了差异表达基因GmLecRlk(Glyma.07G005700),其开放阅读框长度为546 bp,编码181个氨基酸,蛋白结构域分析显示其含有两个丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶结构域,属于一种G型凝集素类受体蛋白激酶。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,GmLecRlk基因在大豆的根、茎、叶、荚中均有不同程度的表达,在根中表达量最高;200 mmol/LNaCl处理下,GmLecRlk的mRNA丰度先降低后升高,在12 h时达到最高值,表明该基因参与大豆对盐胁迫的响应。利用发根农杆菌K599获得GmLecRlk过表达转基因发状根复合植株,在盐胁迫处理下,其存活率高于对照;在拟南芥中异源表达GmLecRlk基因,转基因拟南芥在盐胁迫处理下的萌发率、绿化率和根长均高于野生型拟南芥。综上所述,GmLecRlk参与大豆对盐胁迫的反应,过量表达基因能提高大豆和拟南芥的耐盐性,为培育和改良抗盐大豆新品种提供新的途径...