2017—2020年贵州省羊小反刍兽疫监测

为了解贵州省羊小反刍兽疫(peste des petits ruminants,PPR)的免疫及病原感染情况,2017—2020年,在全省累计采集2148个场点的85145份血清学样品,487个场点的24777份病原学样品,分别进行PPR免疫抗体和病毒核酸检测,并对检测结果进行统计分析.结果显示:2017—2020年贵...     

2021年云南省玉溪市小反刍兽疫专项监测评估

为全面掌握云南省玉溪市小反刍兽疫（PPR）的病原分布和羊群免疫效果，根据2021年玉溪市PPR专项监测方案，在全市开展PPR监测和流行病学调查。采用多阶段调查的方法，从全市9个县区采集免疫羊血清样品1 631份、眼鼻棉拭子样品6 438份，分别使用阻断ELISA和实时荧光RT-PCR检测方法，进行PPR免疫抗体检测和病毒核酸检测。结果显示：2021年玉溪市PPR群体免疫合格率为82.98%，个体免疫合格率为83.62%，未检测到病原学阳性样品；不同养殖区域、不同性别的免疫抗体合格率均有统计学差异（P＜0.05），而不同养殖类型、不同企业疫苗的免疫抗体合格率差异均不显著（P＞0.05）。结果表明：玉溪市羊PPR整体免疫效果较好，所用PPR疫苗免疫原性较好，免疫程序合理，但部分县区的免疫合格率较低，因此应继续加强PPR的强制免疫及补免工作；在未引入新疫源的前提下，疫情发生风险较低，但应加大羊只引种检疫和调运监管力度。本次监测评估了玉溪市的PPR总体防控状况，为尽快实现消灭PPR的目标提供了数据支撑。     

重庆市羊小反刍兽疫免疫效果监测与分析

采用竞争ELISA方法对从重庆市30个区县的种羊场、商品代饲养场和散养户采集的62284份羊血清样品进行小反刍兽疫(PPR)抗体检测。结果显示:53062份血清抗体合格,个体合格率为85.19%,其中种羊场合格率为93.67(3020/3224),商品代饲养场合格率为86.59%(21179/24458),散养户合格率为83.41%(28863/34602),免疫合格率均高于农业部规定的70%的最低标准。监测结果表明,重庆市羊PPR的免疫效果总体比较理想,同时也说明所使用的PPR疫苗免疫原性较好。     

阿克苏市小反刍兽疫免疫效果检测与分析

为了准确评估阿克苏市2014年-2017年小反刍兽疫(PPR)的免疫效果,笔者采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)对采自阿克苏市的486份羊血清进行了免疫抗体检测。结果表明,2014年-2017年从规模场、屠宰场、散养户采集的羊血清抗体总体合格率为75.9%,整体检测合格率均超过70%;散养免疫抗体合格率最高(为77.5%),屠宰场样品抗体合格率最低(为66.7%)。     

免疫区小反刍兽疫免疫抗体监测与分析

本文报告应用C-ELISA方法监测小反刍兽疫免疫区山羊、绵羊和牦牛PPR免疫抗体的结果。结果显示:检测免疫山羊血清298份,阳性163份,阳性率54.70%;检测免疫绵羊血清588份,阳性140份,阳性率23.81%;累计检测免疫羊(山羊和绵羊)血清886份,阳性303份,阳性率34.20%;检测免疫区非免疫牦牛血清353份,阳性51份,阳性率14.45%。并对试验结果显示的免疫区羊免疫抗体阳性率偏低、山羊和绵羊免疫抗体阳性率差异大及免疫区接触牦牛PPR抗体呈阳性的检测结果进行了分析。     

贵州省影响羊口蹄疫和小反刍免疫效果分析

为研究贵州省不同地区、养殖方式、海拔和温度对羊A、O、Asia I型FMD和PPR免疫抗体阳性率的影响。采用酶联免疫吸附实验对2015～2020年本实验室收集的贵州省9个市（州）515个养殖场的羊血清（共计8869份）进行上述疫病的免疫抗体检测,并对检测结果使用易侕统计软件和R语言进行分析。统计结果表明：羊A、O、Asia I型FMD和PPR的免疫抗体平均阳性率分别为42.57%、87.99%、73.64%和64.45%。R语言分析结果表明：羊A、O、Asia I型FMD和PPR免疫抗体阳性率在贵州省的不同地区中差异不显著（P>0.05）;不同养殖方式对羊A、O、Asia I型FMD和PPR的免疫效果影响差异不显著（P>0.05）;不同海拔对羊A、O、Asia I型FMD和PPR的免疫效果影响差异不显著（P>0.05）;不同温度对羊A、O型FMD的免疫效果影响差异极显著（P<0.01)。结果提示,贵州省羊O、Asia I型FMD免疫抗体阳性率达到国家农业部动物疫病监测合格要求,羊A型FMD与PPR免疫抗体阳性率未达到国家农业部动物疫病监测合格要求;温度对羊A、O...     

2017-2019年镇远县羊小反刍兽疫免疫抗体监测分析

为了解镇远县2017-2019年羊小反刍兽疫免疫抗体情况,采集4个乡镇规模羊场及散养户羊血清样品311份,采用竞争ELISA方法进行小反刍兽疫免疫抗体检测。结果:311份羊血清样品中有255份合格,总体合格率为82%,达到农业农村部规定≥70%的标准要求,说明镇远县羊小反刍兽疫免疫效果总体情况良好。     

2017—2019年广西玉林市牛羊口蹄疫和小反刍兽疫血清抗体检测

为了解广西玉林市牛羊口蹄疫(FMD)和小反刍兽疫(PPR)免疫情况,2017—2019年采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA),对从玉林市7个县(市、区)234个种畜场、规模养殖场和散养户采集2244份羊血清和922份牛血清样本进行O型、A型和亚洲I型FMD以及PPR免疫抗体检测,并比较不同年份、不同地区的免疫抗体水平.结...     

常州市金坛区畜禽免疫抗体监测的情况分析

为检验春防畜禽免疫效果,查找目前免疫工作中存在的问题,为开展疫病综合防控提供依据,利用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对采集的726份猪血清样品进行猪瘟(CSF)、高致病性猪蓝耳病(HP-PRRS)、O型口蹄疫(FMD)的抗体检测,对采集的135份羊血清样品进行O型、亚洲Ⅰ型FMD和小反刍兽疫(PPR)的抗体检测;利用血凝抑制试验(HI)对采集的933份鸡血清样品进行高致病性禽流感(HPAI)、新城疫(ND)的抗体检测。结果表明:HPAI、ND、HP-PRRS免疫效果最好,平均免疫抗体合格率基本达到100%;HP-PRRS平均免疫抗体合格率超过99%;PPR、CSF、猪FMD免疫效果较好,平均免疫抗体合格率分别为93.33%、88.84%、88.84%;羊FMD免疫效果良好,O型和亚洲Ⅰ型FMD平均免疫抗体合格率分别为80.00%和82.22%。说明常州市金坛区2015年度春防畜禽免疫情况总体良好,但在免疫程序、动物饲养管理以及免疫技术等方面仍需改进。     

2020年六盘水市家畜口蹄疫抗体监测

为了解六盘水市2020年家畜口蹄疫的免疫效果,采用VP1结构蛋白抗体ELISA及液相阻断ELISA方法对采集的猪血清样品3087份、牛血清样品497份、羊血清样品497份进行口蹄疫免疫抗体监测.结果:2020年度六盘水市猪、牛、羊口蹄疫免疫抗体合格率均>70％,达到国家农业农村部规定要求.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1991

In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.