鸡大肠杆菌的药敏试验

为了解我市流行的鸡大肠杆菌对药物的敏感情况,从常州地区3个养鸡场采集的60份病料进行病原分离,在分离得到的菌株中挑选9株进行药敏试验.试验选择强力霉素、安普霉素、阿米卡星等15种药敏纸片,进行药敏试验.药敏试验结果表明：不论是标准菌株还是所分离的大肠杆菌对安普霉素、阿米卡星的都具有高度敏感性;新霉素、庆大霉素、头孢噻肟钠、恩诺沙星、环丙沙星敏感性居中;红霉素、复方新诺明抑菌作用较低.此试验旨在选择对大肠杆菌无耐药性或耐药性低的药物为大肠杆菌病的药物防治提供理论依据.     

抗致病性大肠杆菌敏感药物的试验筛选

随着养殖集约化程度越来越高,大肠杆菌病的发生越来越严重,临床上发病率呈现上升趋势。为了提高大肠杆菌病临床治愈率,本文介绍了大肠杆菌病的流行症状和通过实验室药敏试验、选择高敏感药物进行投喂治疗的效果;又从培养基的选择、药敏片的准备、细菌的培养、结果观察、结果判定等方面简述了大肠杆菌药敏试验的操作方法,并对药敏试验筛选出的高敏感药物的治疗效果进行了讨论。     

猪大肠杆菌血清型与药敏试验的关系

从某猪场采集不同日龄不同窝腹泻仔猪的粪便，进行大肠杆菌的分离、鉴定和药敏试验．结果表明，血清型相同的大肠杆菌药敏试验结果相同，血清型不同的大肠杆菌药敏试验结果不同，这将对大肠杆菌血清型的筛选提供依据．     

肉仔鸡大肠杆菌病病原的分离鉴定与药敏试验

本文对肉仔鸡大肠杆菌病病原的分离鉴定与药敏试验进行了研究。通过对一例肉仔鸡大肠杆菌病原菌进行分离培养、涂片镜检和细菌的生化反应试验,并对分离菌进行了鉴定,确诊肉仔鸡大肠杆菌感染。对分离株大肠杆菌进行了药敏试验,结果表明:分离株对美克和康诺极度敏感,对优克特、大安和氟欣康药物呈现中度敏感,对杆宁、安泰、奇诺和喘泰产生了耐药性。     

肠炎型细小病毒犬肠道内细菌分离鉴定及药敏试验

试验通过对肠炎型细小病毒犬粪便进行细菌分离培养,鉴定出其中主要的致病菌,并通过药敏试验找出效果较好的抗菌药物,以更好地指导临床用药,提高治愈率.结果发现肠道致病菌主要是大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌.药敏试验结果表明混合感染菌主要对头孢类和喹诺酮类抗生素高度敏感,建议临床配合使用这两类药治疗效果更好.     

鸡致病性大肠杆菌体外药敏试验

2000年3月至12月,笔者采用纸片法对从本所外检室疑似大肠杆菌病鸡病料中分离出的致病性大肠杆菌进行了药敏试验.进行药敏试验的抗菌药物为青霉素、庆大霉素、卡那霉素、氟哌酸、菌威、乳酸环丙沙星、氯霉素、洛美沙星及恩诺沙星.     

水貂细菌病的实验室诊断技术研究

本试验通过对临床送检的患病水貂进行病理剖检和微生物学检测,从病料中分离出2株大肠杆菌,血清型鉴定分别为 O93和O26;将分离到的大肠杆菌进行动物试验,分别接种7日龄雏鸡和1月龄小鼠,结果均致死并回收到目的菌.本试验还通过药敏试验筛选出了阿米卡星、安普霉素、磷霉素等高度敏感的抗菌药,对临床疾病的治疗起到了良好效果.     

奶牛乳房炎大肠杆菌刃天青微量板快速诊断及药敏试验

为了建立奶牛乳房炎大肠杆菌快速诊断与药敏试验方法,用刃天青钠取代大肠杆菌选择培养基MQQ中的酚红指示剂,通过对刃天青的工作浓度、大肠杆菌接种量和培养时间等参数的研究,建立了奶牛乳房炎大肠杆菌刃天青微量板快速诊断方法.将不同细菌及其感染模拟奶样进行刃天青微量板快速培养结果显示,此刃天青微量板对大肠杆菌具有很强的选择培养特性,能在10 h内获得明确诊断结果,并能反映奶牛乳腺大肠杆菌感染强度.对89份临床奶样进行大肠杆菌刃天青微量板快速诊断敏感性和特异性检测,结果显示,此刃天青微量板法诊断大肠杆菌阳性奶样敏感性高达100%,诊断大肠杆菌阴性奶样特异性高达94.9%,总符合率高达95.5%.在此基础上用矫正浓度10种抗生素包被微量板,分别用10株大肠杆菌纯培养菌株及其感染模拟奶样和10份大肠杆菌阳性奶样进行快速药敏试验,所获结果与标准纸片扩散法完全一致.这些研究结果表明,本研究建立的刃天青微量板法可以取代常规方法用于奶样大肠杆菌的快速诊断及药敏试验.     

仔猪肺型大肠杆菌病的诊断

通过对60余例患病仔猪症状的观察和3例仔猪的解剖及试验化验分析,发现大通种猪场的仔猪的死亡是由肺型大肠杆菌感染所致,药敏试验结果表明该型大肠杆菌对丁胺卡那、头孢唑啉及头孢胺苄敏感,这三类药物可用于该病的治疗.     

仔猪致病性大肠杆菌的分离与鉴定

在猪场采取典型临床症状为仔猪黄痢、白痢、仔猪发生水肿病的病料,进行伊红美蓝培养基分离培养,药敏试验,结果都为大肠杆菌;采集的大肠杆菌对多粘菌素、庆大霉素敏感.此次试验结果对大肠杆菌病的控制和预防有重要意义.     

Disease and destiny-mystery and mastery

When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures.     

Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.     

德国荷兰畜禽产品质量安全交流与启示

2018年岁末,笔者有幸赴德国和荷兰,就畜产品质量安全控制及检测技术等进行了短期交流,收获颇丰,现具体介绍如下。一、交流情况德国面积35.73万平方千米,人口约8175.2万,是欧盟人口最多的国家,农业发达,机械化程度很高。德国的畜牧业以猪、牛、羊和禽类为主,畜牧业产值占农业生产总值的61%。德国虽然农业比重很小,但却是有机农业运动最早的发起国,也是目前世界上有机农产品生产与消费大国。     

奶牛肢蹄病及其防治

简介常见奶牛肢蹄病种类及其症状,从日粮营养、运动场地面结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面简析奶牛肢蹄病的病因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

畜禽物种多样性及其保护和利用

文章就我国畜禽物种多样性资源的现状、保护和利用等方面进行阐述,为生态脆弱的喀斯特地区畜牧业可持续发展提供参考。     

马的咽气癖及其防制措施研究进展

在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。     

牛羊焦虫病诊断与防治技术

近几年来,辽宁省牛羊饲养业迅速发展,焦虫病的危害越来越明显,已成为危害牛羊的主要疾病之一。为了提高牛羊焦虫病的防治水平,保证我省牛羊饲养业的健康发展,笔者在参阅文献和同行们诊疗经验的基础上,结合自己的治疗实践,详细阐述了我省牛羊焦虫病近几年的流行特点和诊断防治方法。     

国内外蛋氨酸与赖氨酸市场分析与展望

近几年,世界饲用添加剂市场增长较快,预计今后将进一步增长,据世界粮农组织(FAO)首领会议的倡议,到2015年,将使世界营养不良的人口削减一半,其间,肉制品将会以每年2％的速度增长,特别是加快猪肉和禽肉增长。这将促进世界添加剂,尤其是蛋氨酸和赖氨酸需求量的增加。