The Application of Fractal to Submicron Particle Sizing

Brownian Motion is one of the important characteristics of submicron particles.On the basis of observatiorl for Brownian motion of particles,the authors present a medel to describethis physieal process by usin g fractal theory a nd this medel is proved to be valid in theory.Throughfurther an alyzing,we establish the relationship between fractal characteristics and particle sizeparameters.Combining image signal processing technique,particle size information can be obtainedby computing fractal dimension values,and then a new method for particle sking will be developedinfuture.     

Fractional brownian motion and binary market models

We prove a Donsker type approximation theorem for the fractional Brownian motion in the case of the Hurst index greater than one half. With this approximation we construct an elementary market model that converges weakly to the fractional analogue of the Black Scholes model. We show that there exist arbitrage opportunities in this model.     

Application of Hurst exponent to analyzing the trend of earthquake magnitude

The sequence of global earthquake magnitude of 7.0 and more than 7.0 is analyzed by the methods of Hurst exponent, fractal dimension D, correlation coefficient C and V-statistics and the scatter diagram and fitting trend line. The results show that this sequence is a fractional Brownian motion, mean reversion process (pink noise, anti-persistence and persistence against the state), and with a frequent reversal mutation or volatility. In the long case, the magnitude shows a very slight downward trend. Conclusion of the study can provide reference for seismic studies and safety studies.     

Comparatively Research of Methods of Electricity Pricing at Transitional Period in China

With the reform toward power market processing, how to decide electricity price becomes a key problem which one power plant have to face. So in this paper, the authors show two ways to the problem, a pricing model by account and a pricing model by economics, then they analyze the cost structure and counting principle of three-electricity price, which is determined by the methods of repayment of capital with interest (RCI pricing), of the operation period (OP pricing) and of marginal cost (MC pricing). Then similarities and differences among these three pricing methods existing in the transitional period are examined by a case in china. The indicate that it is important and inevitable to reform RCI pricing, to popularize OP pricing and to transfer to MC pricing.     

Pricing Methodology of the New Issue of Public Offerings in Shanghai Stock Market

Based on the efficiency market theory, considering the relationship between A share prices in Shanghai stock market and factors such as earnings per share, net asset value per share, industry price/earning ratios, this paper builds the multiple regression model between the opening A share prices at the time point of March 1st,2001 and their corresponding financial indexes. Then, according to the fact that the net asset value per share after the new issue will change in the same rate with the issuing prices, this paper calculates the relationship between them and gives out the new issue pricing model which considers 5 factors, including such factors as the A share composite indexes in shanghai stock market. This model is very meaningful and compensates the deficiency of the traditional pricing methodology which considers only the P/E ratios.     

Quality Contingent Pricing in Used Automobile Market

The problem concerning information asymmetry and quality uncertainty in the used automobile market of China has not been settled in a better way for years. Therefore, how to convey the signal of quality to the customers is of great value for used automobile dealers. On the basis of defining the probability of quality evaluation and for the purpose of achieving per expected revenue maximization, this paper builds a model of quality - contingent pricing and thus makes the optimal pricing and discount policy. In addition, this paper displays directly, through data analysis, the impact of the used automobiles pricing policy on the enterprise profits under the context of information asymmetry.     

包含双边金融期权的农村电价古诺模型研究

打破电力市场垄断,提高农村电力市场效率,以及抑制市场力滥用是当今农村电力市场改革的主要方向之一。本文基于非合作博弈理论,提出了一种含买卖双边金融期权的、按照古诺竞争模式在现货市场和期权市场进行2阶段博弈的模型。由多家独立发电商与惟一的电网公司首先在期权市场中签订双边合同,决策出各自售出的最优期权数量;之后在现货市场进行产量竞争,在各自拥有期权头寸已知的情况下,选择其发电出力使自身期望收益最大。利用反向推倒方法求解模型,分析了模型中不同参数的变化对市场均衡结果的影响。通过理论研究和算例分析证明,与现有模型相比较,本文提出的含双边金融期权模型能够更大程度上降低市场出清价格以及提高发电量,可为电力监管机构与市场决策者引导参与者有序竞争提供一种新思路。     

Grey Cluster Analysis of Same Electricity Pricing in the Same Power Net in the City and Countryside in Chongqing Power Market

The economic difference in Chongqing municipality is very obvious.Chongqing must suit measures to local conditions to carry out this policy.The electricity pricing is the point of balance of the power market.The policy of same electricity pricing in same net interacts with the Chongqing power market.On the ground of Chongqing municipality power market,this paper classifies the cardinal index and sets up a grey index system including the gross domestic production,per capital gross domestic production,per capita income,power management system,population density,power consumption levle,social retail amount.Region division by means of grey cluster provides the base of decision making for the successful application of same electricity pricing in same net in Chongqing municipality.     

Model of Capital Asset Pricing with Asymmetric Information Structure

A capital asset pricing model and the corresponding investment strategy are investigated for the financial market with asymmetric information structure. Suppose that investors can be defined with three kinds: informed trader, under-reaction trader and over-reaction trader; all traders use Bayesian principle to modify their prior distributions. The anthors obtain the equilibrium price of the risky asset in the short run and the rational investment strategy.     

棉花品种区域试验的精确度探讨

以１９８５￣１９９４年黄河流域棉花区域试验中春棉５轮和夏棉４轮（共计３３１次单年单点试验）的小区霜前皮棉产量为资料,在单点单年、单点两年和多点两年三个层次上研究棉花区域试验的精确度问题,获得如下主要结果：①品种区域试验应同时采用两项指标来反映其精确度,一为误差项变异系数（ＣＥＶ）,说明试验精确度,另一为品种均值的相对最小显著差数（ＲＬＳＤα）,说明品种比较精确度,②ＲＬＳＤα和ＣＥＶ在不同层次上关     

关于科学构建中国原料奶定价机制的探讨

针对中国原料奶价格不断波动的情况,本研究集中探讨了美国、日本、欧盟以及国内的上海和黑龙江在原料奶定价机制方面的做法和经验,认为中国的原料奶定价机制的构建应该以政府主导制定生产计划;建立按质定价体系;做好成本调查、监测预警和监督检查等工作。     

Analysis on Price Competition and Regulation Policy in Partial Monopoly Market

Partial monopoly market structure in reform. Based on nondiscriminatory pricing , the and the effect of price cap regulation policy. some infrastructure paper analyzes the industry will exist for a long period after deregulation behavior of price competition in new market structure     

Electricity Pricing Regulation in Demand Side Management

Time of use(Tou) price is one of the most efficient measure for modern demand side management(DSM).But a scientifically pricing is based on understanding the function of pricing mechanism and comprehensive analysis to social benefit.The authors develop a pricing model by game theory based on analysis of consumer's response to the time of-use price and analyze the pricing regulation of government for maximum social benefit.A conclusion is drawn,which suggests that government should let the electricity corporation to pricing, but just give a regulation on the average price level.     

Application of the Fractal Theory in Modelling Decision Making Models for Manufacturing by Using the Experimental Data

Based on the fractal theory,the fractal dimension of the decision making mapping model for manufacturing by using the experimental data is studied.In modelling the decision making mapping of the intermittent cutting process,the approach for modelling mapping models by the fractal theory and the fractal dimension of the models are discussed.     

The Modeling of Decision Making Mapping Models for Manufacturing by the Fractal Theory

Based on the fundamental principle of the fractal theory, the fractal characteristics of the decision making mapping model for manufacturing and its modeling process are discussed. The principle of modeling for defcision-making mapping models by the fractal theory is proposed.     

Real Option Analysis of the Underpricing of IPO

The underpricing of initial public offering(IPO) has been one of the "the new issue puzzles" in the finance.The paper studes the underpricing of IPO phenomenon by real option methods.The research find that even the information of stock market is symmetry,the underpricing of IPO is inevitable.With the development of stock market,the(degree) of the underpricing of IPO will be lowed.The reasons of underpricing of the IPO in Chinese stock market,on the one hand come from widespread existing IPO underpricing,and on the other hand,come from the irrationality of IPO pricing way and stocks is not all circulate.     

中国花卉拍卖交易问题的思考

拍卖作为价格发现和资源配置机制,效率是不容置疑的。但中国花卉拍卖市场除了昆明拍卖市场还在正常运作外,其它的都步履维艰。那么到底什么在制约着中国花卉拍卖市场的发展,什么是走出困境的必须解决的问题。根据中国花卉产业的现状及拍卖市场面临的问题,分别从3个不同质市场之间的相互替代、花卉拍卖市场参与者现状和拍卖市场构建前提等3个方面分析了背后深层次的制约因素。并指出电子直销和传统市场对拍卖市场的替代性影响是造成竞价偏离的关键因素,拍卖市场要发展必须吸收这两个市场在流通上的优点才能更好地发挥竞价的效率优势。     

A Fractal Model of the Microstructure

In this paper,a fractal model about the microstructure of spheroidal-graphite is presented through the research on the surface form and the analysis to microregion. The fractal dimension is calculated and the forming mechanism is also discussed.     

基于DEM 的重庆长江流域水系分维估算

摘要：基于数字高程模型,本文利用ArcGIS9.3的水文分析模块,根据不同的集水面积阈值, 提取了重庆长江流域河网信息,通过网格法计算了相应的水系分维。根据集水面积阈值与水系分维的相互关系, 确定该流域水系分维值为1. 036,经计算得到的河网特征以及流域信息与实际河流水系特征及流域信息基本吻合。     

Integrating Mechanism of Standard Costing Activity-Based Costing and Inner Transfer Pricing

According to the mutual relations of standard costing,activity-based costing and inner transfer pricing, this paper explores systematically the approaches of the integrations of the above three in the large or medium enterprises that carry out decentralized management. Further, we raise three models as external report model, internal decision model and social contribution model, based on the financial accounting, managerial accounting and incremental accounting respectively. Finally, we investigate the principle of stratified application of the integration of standard costing, activity-based costing and inner transfer pricing, in the perspective of practice. The formula is presented that decomposes the inner transfer pricing, budgets the comprehensive cost and converses the variable cost & materiel cost into the manufacturing cost.