Finite Groups With 52 p Elements of Maximal Order

The authors discuss the finite groups with 52 p elements of maximal order,and get a theorem as follows: SupposeG is a finite group with |M(G)|=52 p elements of maximal order,where p is a prime and p>5,then G is solvable.     

广西水稻纹枯病菌菌丝融合群鉴定初报

从广西36个县（市）采集水稻纹枯病标样,经分离纯化后获得186个丝核菌菌株。菌丝融合测试结果表明,这186个丝核菌菌株分别属于3菌丝融合群：即立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani )的AG-1-IA 和AG-4融合群,双核丝核菌的AGBb融合群,出现的频率分别为96.4%、2.15%和1.62%。不同的菌丝融合群在菌丝生长速率方面存在明显的差异,其中AG1-IA的生长速率最大,AGBb生长速率最小。     

贵州喀斯特高原峡谷石漠化地区土壤动物功能类群研究

为了给深入揭示喀斯特生物多样性及其功能提供基础资料,在2010年8月,对贵州喀斯特高原峡谷石漠化地区土壤动物功能类群进行了野外调查和室内分离、鉴定。结果表明,将该研究区土壤动物划分为腐食性、植食性、捕食性和杂食性动物4个功能类群。其中,杂食性土壤动物的个体数占总捕获量的比例为最大,捕食性土壤动物为最小。土壤动物个体数在水平分布上差异明显,类群数分布较均匀。土壤动物垂直分布格局研究表明,各样地都表现为明显的表聚现象。不同样地的特有类群反映出各自局地环境的特殊性,它们对生态系统具有指示作用。     

利用SSR标记对29个热带和温带玉米自交系进行杂种优势群的划分

以代表中国温带玉米4个主要杂种优势群瑞得、兰卡斯特、旅大红骨和四平头的标准测验种(B73、Mo17、丹340和黄早四)和来自5个主要热带玉米群体Suwan1、POP21、POP32、POP28和Antigua种族的25个典型自交系为材料,利用SSR标记进行杂种优势群划分.从70对SSR引物中筛选出39对扩增带清晰且具有多态性的引物,在供试材料中共检测到127     

Genetic variation for maize root architecture in response to drought stress at the seedling stage

Although the root system is indispensable for absorption of nutrients and water, it is poorly studied in maize owing to the difficulties of direct measurement of roots. Here, 103 maize lines were used to compare root architectures under well-watered and water-stressed conditions. Significant genetic variation, with medium to high heritability and significant correlations, was observed for root traits. Total root length (TRL) and total root surface area (TSA) had high phenotypical diversity, and TRL was positively correlated with TSA, root volume, and root forks. The first two principal components explained 94.01% and 91.15% of total root variation in well-watered and water-stressed conditions, respectively. Thus, TRL and TSA, major contributors to root variation, can be used as favorable selection criteria at the seedling stage. We found that stiff stalk and non-stiff stalk groups (temperate backgrounds) showed relatively higher mean values for root morphological diversity than the TST group (tropical/subtropical background). Of the tested lines, 7, 42, 45, and 9 were classified as drought sensitive, moderately sensitive, moderately drought tolerant, and highly drought tolerant, respectively. Seven of the 9 extremely drought tolerant lines were from the TST group, suggesting that TST germplasms harbor valuable genetic resources for drought tolerance that could be used in breeding to improve abiotic stress tolerance in maize.     

中国玉米主要种质杂种优势群的划分及其改良利用

根据配合力,杂种优势,系谱关系,生理和遗传特点及形态特征等,结合育种实践,将我国玉米种质分改良Ｒｅｉｄ,Ｌａｎｃａｓｔｅｒ（Ｍｏ１７和自３３０两个亚群）四平头,旅大红骨和其它（外杂选,综合品种选Ｓｕｗａｎ和低纬度种质４个亚群）５个杂种优势群９个亚群,提出了若干改良利用意见,并对种质基础狭窄,杂优群划分与利用,种质改良等问题进行了讨论。     

不同品种群15个杏品种荧光特性研究初探

研究不同品种群杏品种的叶绿素荧光特性,旨在为高光效生态类型或品种的筛选提供科学依据。以5个品种群的15个杏品种为试材,利用Handy PEA（Hansatech,UK）田间测定了其叶绿素荧光参数。结果表明：不同品种间、不同品种群间的荧光参数均存在着显著或极显著差异,其中华北品种群的品种单位叶面积上有活性的反应中心数量多,用来还原QA的激发能高,以热的形式耗散的能量比例较少,进入电子传递链的能量较高。在光能的吸收、传递与转换效率上优于其他品种群品种。     

利用SSR标记划分糯玉米的杂种优势群

利用SSR标记研究了30份糯玉米(Zea mays ceratinaKulesh)自交系的遗传变异。用21对扩增带型稳定的引物,从供试材料中检测出101个等位基因变异,每对引物检测等位基因2~10个,平均4.81个,平均多态性信息量0.60。经遗传多样性和聚类分析把供试糯玉米自交系划分为6个类群。     

几种分子标记技术在玉米自交系类群划分中的应用

分子标记技术的开发利用推动了玉米育种的发展,概述了5种常用分子标记SSR、RFLP、RAPD、AFLP、SNP的原理及特点。综述了分子标记技术在玉米自交系类群划分中的应用。     

现代生物技术在镰刀菌分类学中的应用

总结和归纳了营养亲合群、随机扩增多态DNA、内部简单重复序列等分子标记技术、rDNA-ITS、EF-1α延伸因子等主效位点基因序列分析等多种现代生物技术在镰刀菌分类系统和分类鉴定方法中的应用,得出了随机扩增多态DNA、内部简单重复序列等分子标记技术用于分析菌株个体间及地理来源之间的相关性;rDNA-ITS、EF-1α延伸因子等主效位点基因序列分析为镰刀菌种、亚种等级的分类鉴定提供了依据;营养亲合群可用于区分缺乏有性世代镰刀菌的不同遗传结构的群体。最后做出了展望。     

Explaining urban governance in the midst of political transformation: The city of Macao

This paper takes a close look at the urban governance and political culture of Macao, the world largest casino city. Macao has experienced spectacular economic growth since gaming liberalisation in 2002 and China's Free Individual Travel scheme launched in 2003. However, the booming gaming sector has crowded out other sectors of Macao. It has not only made the city's economy mono‐structured and consequently extremely vulnerable to external shocks and fluctuations but also induced serious social divisions and political controversies within the local community. By tracing the root cause of the ongoing dilemma and crisis in the mode of governance, the dynamic relationships between formal and informal institutions, consensus politics and the social group culture are intensively discussed in a historical context. In fact, the sustainable development of the former Portuguese colony has largely been hindered by its residents' passive attitudes toward political communication, non‐transparent urban governance, the absence of a middle class and the dominance of pro‐establishment social groups.     

Low-rent House-Real Choice for Help to the Urban Vulnerable Groups in House Needs

This paper analyzes the urban vulnerable groups in house needs, as well as housing security policy; the conclusion is to carry out low-rent house system. Furthermore, the shortcoming lies in system, fund, object, quantity and information nowadays is pointed out. The countermeasures perfecting the low rent house system are presented. There is a strategy named "helps to others and oneself" to realize a policy that the powerful and the vulnerable groups must have symbiotic development, to form steady normative source of insurance fund, to play an effective role in low rent house stock, to establish managerial mechanism which all the departments are on duty, to build system from low rent house application to its supervision, to take the manner of rent allowance, to perfect correlative policy of low rent house and house security.     

不同遗传来源甘蓝型油菜开花期的基因型差异和遗传效应分析

应用作物数量性状QTL体系检测的主位点组方法对不同地理来源的甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus L.)12个品种双列杂交组合的开花期(播种-初花日数)性状的遗传差异进行了研究. 结果表明, 12个甘蓝型油菜品种开花期的遗传受4个主基因控制, 其加性效应分别为-17.22**, 2.71*, 6.09**和-1.05, 显性效应分别为-3.67*, 1.07*, 4.52*和-2.7     

CIMMYT和我国玉米种质群体的配合力及杂种优势分析

采用NCⅡ遗传交配设计,以丹340、Mo17、掖478和黄早四为测验种,通过2年1点田间试验,分析27个国内外玉米群体（14个CIMMYT热带、亚热带群体和13个国内群体）的主要性状配合力和产量杂种优势,并划分杂种优势群。结果表明,大多数CIMMYT群体的产量和产量性状配合力及杂种优势明显优于国内玉米群体,以Suwan l、Pob43、Pob21     

利用SSR标记划分爆裂玉米杂种优势群的研究

利用113对SSR多态性引物研究了来源比较广泛的56个爆裂玉米自交系的遗传多样性，并初步进行了杂种优势群划分。结果表明：供试自交系问存在较丰富的SSR多态性；56个爆裂玉米自交系可划分为6个杂种优势群，其中Ⅰ，Ⅴ，Ⅵ类群以国内种质选系为主，Ⅱ，Ⅲ，Ⅳ类群主要为外引杂交种选系，第1类群又可分为3个亚群。该分群结果与杂交组合的组配效果相吻合，高优势组合的亲本均属于不同的优势类群(亚群)，而在类群(亚群)内未组配出优良组合。SSR标记可以用于研究爆裂玉米自交系的种质基础。     

澳大利亚社区农园的发展及其对我国的启示

在一些发达国家,社区农园向人们提供了接触自然、放松身心的场所,已受到越来越多市民的喜欢。而我国社区农园的发展仍处于探索期,借鉴国外社区农园对于我国社区农园的发展有很大的裨益。对澳大利亚社区花园的发展状况进行了详细介绍。以三个分别位于居住区、校园、公园的社区花园为例,根据案例分析社区农园对孤独人群、老年人、儿童、残疾人这些弱势群体带来的益处,阐明其对人们身心健康的改善以及对社会可持续发展的重大意义。文末根据澳大利亚社区农园发展的成功经验和我国城市发展的现状,提出我国建设社区农园需要面临的挑战。     

黑线姬鼠不同年龄组种群繁殖特征的研究

系统研究分析了1999—2004年贵州省余庆县黑线姬鼠不同年龄组种群繁殖特征的变化规律。研究期间共解剖黑线姬鼠1011只(其中,雌鼠483只,雄鼠528只)。黑线姬鼠种群性比存在显著的年龄变化,不同年龄组之间种群繁殖力存在显著差异,随着种群年龄的增长,种群繁殖力不断增加。成年Ⅰ组、成年Ⅱ组、老年组是黑线姬鼠种群的繁殖群体,平均怀孕率为45.97%,胎仔数为5.02只,睾丸下降率为91.98%,繁殖指数为1.0618,除平均胎仔数与总平均胎仔数差异不显著外,平均怀孕率、睾丸下降率、繁殖指数均显著高于总体平均值,分别为总体平均值的1.57倍、1.42倍、1.52倍,它们在种群中所占比例的多少与种群数量消长关系密切,可作为预测黑线姬鼠种群数量的重要依据。     

棉花红腐病菌nit突变体筛选及营养亲和群测定

 以自安徽不同地区分离的棉花红腐病菌（Fusarium moniliforme）单孢株为供试菌株,在含KClO₃培养基上诱导筛选获得抗氯酸盐的硝酸盐营养缺陷型(nit)突变株232株,根据在MM、NM、HM等3种不同氮源培养基上的生长情况划分出nit A、nit B、nit C、nit D 4种突变类型,其中nit A出现频率最高,179株,占总体的77%;nit B 25株,占总体的11%;nit C 24株,占总体的10%;nit D最少,4株,占总体的2%。将各菌株的nit A突变株和测试菌株的nit B或nit C配对,结果12个菌株分为6个不同的营养体亲和群(VCGs),其中3个VCGs各含1个菌株,另外3个VCGs各含3个菌株。结果还表明,来源于同一野生菌株的不同类型nit突变体间或同一VCG不同野生菌株的nit突变体间可产生互补反应而形成亲和带,其中以nit B型突变株互补性最好,在利用nit突变体测定营养体亲和性时作为标准菌株;来源于不同VCG的nit突变体间不能产生互补反应。     

Studies on the Mechanical Properties of Erythrocyte membrane for Hereditary Spherocytosis

A SDS PAGE technique is adopted to investigate the change of membrane cytoskeleton protein for hereditary spherocytosis(HS).The membrane vicoelastic properties are determined by the micropipette aspiration technique.The results show that the membrane elastic modulus of HS erythrocyte hase no remarkable difference but the viscosity is significantly higher than normal cells and the deformability of HS erythrocyte is reduced.It is discovered that spectrin,band 3 and band 5 of HS erythrocyte are partly deficient;the membrane thiol groups concentration of HS erythrocyte is lower than normal cells.These results suggest that the integrity of the struture and ingredient of the cytoskeleton protein networks plays an important role in deformability of erythrocvte.     

大豆杂种产量的主-微位点组遗传分析

选用来源于中国黄淮和美国的熟期组II~IV的8个大豆品种,按Griffing方法II设计,配成36个双列杂交组合(28个杂种组合+8个亲本)于2003-2005年进行田间试验。应用基于数量性状主基因+多基因遗传模型的主-微位点组分析法,解析8个大豆亲本产量的主、微位点组遗传构成及其效应,估计主、微位点组对产量杂种优势的贡献。结果表明,8个大豆亲本间产量由6个主位点组加微位点组控制,主位点组、微位点组分别解释表型变异的75.98%和10.81%。6个主位点组加性效应(a_J)分别为140.10、259.65、1.95、151.35、–32.70和45.00 kg hm^–2,显性效应(d_J)分别为177.15、314.25、105.75、75.90、242.85和171.00 kg hm^–2。杂种遗传构成包括主位点组杂合显性效应、主位点组纯合加性效应、微位点组杂合显性效应和微位点组纯合加性效应4部分,相对重要性依次递减,以显性效应为主,加性效应为辅。亲本间主、微位点组及其遗传效应的解析阐释了各杂种组合的遗传特点,还提供了进一步挖掘遗传潜力进行优势改良的基础。