EPQ Model with Different Lost Sale Factor Relative to Inventory Level

It is important for enterprises' inventory management to find out the optimal production cycle and the length of shortage time,so that the total cost of inventory system can be reduced and the service level can be raised.Based on the classical EPQ model,this paper develops an EPQ model for deterioration items with different lost sale factor relative to the inventory level during shortage period.The existence of unique optimal solution is discussed by mathematic analysis and a numeric example.The sensitivity analysis shows that the parameter of losing sale has different impact on the costs of inventory system.The factors must be considered for the production inventory system to make management decision.     

Structual Dynamic Characteristics Analysis and Improvement for Two-way Branch Exhaust Pipe Shield

The two-way branch exhaust pipe shield is the main source of surface radiate noise of a vehicle's engine.(Using) the finite element analysis software ANSYS,a finite element model of the shield is established,and then the(modal) analysis is done theoretically with this model,the result is consistent with the experiment.The result shows that this finite element model can be used for the next structual dynamic characteristics analysis.With this model,the relationship of structural parameter,structural style of the shield and the corresponding vibrative modal is analyzed.The(optimal) improved measures are adopted which is based on the practical structure of the shield.The analysis of the(improved) structure shows that the increase of natural vibration frequency is visible,the vibration noise of the shield is suppressed distinctly.     

Rolling Back the Frontiers of the State: Civil Service Reorganization and Relocation in Britain

Urban and regional studies of service location concentrate on private business and financial services. In contrast, this paper uses the example of the central government civil service in Britain to develop understanding of the spatial dynamics of public services. The paper shows how the location of civil service employment has been influenced by changes in government policy over the last thirty years. It also indicates the way in which the over-concentration of the private sector in London and the South East, throughout the period, has encouraged the decentralization of the civil service from the capital to a variety of provincial locations.     

农村公共服务社区化模式：经验与启示——基于TX社区的调查与分析

对民政部极力推荐的TX社区调查表明,为增加农村公共服务数量、改善结构,建立公共服务供给的长效机制,弥补政府与市场的缺陷,必须发挥社区的平台作用,构筑农村公共服务社区化模式。文章介绍了TX社区公共服务社区化经验,并得出了几点启示：走“内源式”的发展道路,构建有效的公共服务社区化运作机制,积极运用社会资本,合理界定政府与社区权责边界。     

Optimal Control of Semi-Active Suspensions with ER Shock Absorber

An ER shock absorber with mixed mode is designed and its mathematical model is built. The optimal control method with LQ is applied to semi-active suspension systems in vehicle. A optimal output tuner is designed on basis of 1/4 dynamic model and the characteristics of the ER shock absorber. Its aim function and the weighting parameter matrix are determined. The feedback gain vector is found from solving the Algebraic Equation. The result shows that the optimal controller could not only diminish the body acceleration effectively but also improve the ride and handling characteristics. The construction of the ER shock absorber is reasonable and its performance meets the optimal control requirements of semi-active suspension system under the 3 kV/mm. In additional, the optimal control has low cost and energy consumption as well as rapid response . Such a system can meet with the requirements of semi-active suspension control completely.     

An EOQ Model for Non-instantaneous Replenishment with Partial Backlogging

It is usually ignored in the traditional EOQ model that the opportunity cost results from lost sales when the enterprise has no commodity in the wearhouse. This paper focuses on some operating enterprise.Under the condition of time_limited partial back_orders and non_instant supply,an EOQ model is established of which it is more reasonable to assume the loss of without commodity in the warehouse divided into two parts:the opportunity cost due to lost sales and the shortage cost.It is discussed that the general cost function and the optimal solution to minimizing the total cost.The new basis of the decision of store system management is provided.Moreover,the model is applied to the example.     

Tax Incentives in an Economy with Public Goods

This study employs a dynamic computable general equilibrium (CGE) model of Ohio to evaluate the effect of a state corporate tax cut. The innovative features of this study are (1) the use of the cost of capital concept, (2) dynamic adjustment mechanisms in factor markets, and (3) incorporation of public goods in the household utility function and firms' production functions. The model results indicate that the stimulatory effects of tax cuts for economic development are muted when effects of public expenditures on the productivity of private capital and the migration of households are taken into account. This is because the reduction in public expenditure due to the tax cut implies (1) lower productivity for private industries and (2) lower levels of labor in-migration during the initial several periods after the policy shock as compared to the pre-policy sequence of equilibria. This study shows that evaluation of tax policy without simultaneously considering the effect of public goods can be misleading.     

Two Optimization Methods for Portfolio Investment Decision

On the basis of introducing some fundamental theories and computational methods of portfolio investment, this paper derives a decision model for searching optimal portfolio with the utility function. Then,after comparing the new model with the conditional extreme optimization model,which has been usually considered by people,the result shows the new model would be more efficient under certain conditions.     

Study on Approach to Optimize Network Planning Schedule for Fixed Resources Constraint

Network planning schedule optimization is one of the pivotal issues in engineering project management. The current studies on schedule optimization aim at achieving the optimal goals by least additional resources. In this paper, from transferring the critical path, the authors suggest a schedule optimization algorithm through transferring partial resource of un-critical activities to the critical activities. The result of applying the model shows that it is helpful for resolving schedule optimization issue for fixed resources.     

A FICTITIOUS CONTROL METHOD FOR OPTIMIZATION OF APPROXIMATE PERIOD PROCESS

The main problem in optimal control of approximate period process is the optimization of periodic initial state. A fictitious control method is advanced in this paper. In combination with the link method of states between two periods, this method not only gives a quite good optimal result, but also reduces the quantity to be computed and stored. The simulation of optimal control in a water plant shows the availability of this method.     

郑州市郊区生态服务功能价值变化研究

利用1997年TM影像、2001年和2005年SPOT影像解译获得的郑州市郊区土地利用数据,运用替代成本法、市场价值法等测算方法,估算了其生态服务功能的价值及变化。结果表明,各区的生态服务功能整体都在下降,其中金水区、中原区与管城区的变化最为明显。     

乳制品冷链物流的库存-生产策略优化研究

在日益激烈的企业生存竞争中,针对乳制品生产企业如何选取合适的生产批量和库存水平的问题,提出了成本-时间-客户满意度的三目标优化模型。首先,考虑乳制品的库存费用、周转时间和客户满意度,分别建立库存生产成本、库存周转时间和客户满意度优化模型;其次,以生产批量和库存水平为决策变量,应用多目标遗传算法,集成库存生产成本模型、库存周转时间模型和客户满意度模型,求出所有非劣解;最后,应用伪权向量法,通过保质期不同的产品验证提出的模型。结果表明,对于不同保质期的产品,均可得出最优库存生产批量大小和最优库存水平。     

Prediction and Analyses of Residual Chlorine Based on Support Vector Regression in Urban Water Distribution System

Support vector regression(SVR) algorithm is an application of structural risk minimization principle in function regression.In this paper,a residual chlorine prediction model based on SVR is established by using the data of manual sampling residual chlorine of water distribution system in a certain city in the north of China.SVR model is compared with the artificial neural network and multivariate linear regression.The result shows that SVR model has better generalization ability for small samples,the predicted average relative error of all monitoring points is 1.80%~8.73%,and can achieve unique and globally optimal solutions.It is practical and can solve the problem for small samples of residual chlorine when the fit precision of model is good but the predicted effect is worse.     

Cost Estimation of Transmission Line Based on Artificial Neural Network

Based on the structure of cost factor in transmission lines project and the characteristic of neural networks, the paper shows up using artificial neural networks to estimate the cost of project and provide a method to investigate them. By analyzing the structure of project cost and influence factor, the paper builds both input and output neural cell for cost of transmission line project. The paper builds the model of artificial neural networks and exports the steps of the algorithmic. The project sample is used in history to train and test the model. At last, the model gets satisfactory result and meets the investigation requirement of engineering budgetary estimation. Therefore, the paper provides an impersonality and quick investigation method for budgetary estimation of power projects.     

Networked Optimal Cutting-stock System Based on Web Service

With the analysis of the problem in traditional optimal cutting-stock technology , this paper sets forth the significance of networked optimal cutting-stock . After that , a new kind of networked optimal cutting-stock system, based on Web Service technology , is presented .Then the constructing process , architecture and mechanism of this system are expatiated respectively. Centered onWeb Service , this system combines the networked multi-software optimal calculating model with cutting-stock system , by building updifferent granularity service and supporting multilayer service invocation .According to experiment , the system this paper discusses can effectively improve comprehensive optimal efficiency of cutting-stock.     

Agglomeration,resource reallocation and domestic value-added ratio in exports

Using micro merged data of China's customs transaction and National Bureau of Statistics Annual Surveys of Industrial Firms data, this paper analyzes the effect of industrial agglomeration on domestic value-added in exports to gross exports (DVAR). It is found that industrial agglomeration significantly improves DVAR. Mechanism tests show that industrial agglomeration promotes DVAR by increasing the relative price of imported intermediate inputs and domestic inputs (relative price effect), as well as restrains DVAR by restraining cost markup of firm (cost markup effect). However, the promotion effect of the “relative price effect” is greater than the restraint effect of the “cost markup effect”. In addition, accession to the World Trade Organization and exchange reform strengthen the promotion effect of industrial agglomeration. The result of dynamic decomposition shows that 74.62% of the industry's DVAR increase is attributed to the resource re-allocation effect, which is an important channel for industrial agglomeration to promote DVAR.     

An Approach of Order Quantities Allocation Based on the Comprehensive Level of Resources Exploitation

This paper points out that the price, quality, the level of supplying on time, the level of after-sales service and so on can be regarded as resources that the suppliers can provide, and proposes a concept called the comprehensive level of resources exploitation which can be used to evaluate the comprehensive effect of order quantities allocation of one product between several suppliers. A relative index is presented to measure the comprehensive level of resources exploitation. The index is fit for comparison between several order quantities allocation plans in different time to evaluate which plan exploits the resources of suppliers more effectively. Finally, this paper establishes a linear programming model to solve the optimal order quantities allocation based on the highest comprehensive level of resources exploitation.     

模糊控制系统的垂直切换判决算法分析

针对模糊控制系统中切换时延较长和切换次数较多的问题,研究了一种基于模糊控制系统的垂直切换判决算法。在基于信号强度判决时将RSS作为门限值,提高系统判决能力;同时,将网络参数和服务类型作为判决因素,结合层次分析法引入并行的模糊控制系统,缩短了切换判决的时间、选择适合用户的最佳网络,做出垂直切换。仿真结果表明,该算法减少了切换次数,降低了切换时延,增强了系统的性能。与传统的切换算法相比较,该算法对切换的判决因素考虑的更全面,兼顾了用户终端的使用环境及成本问题,有效地保证了网络的服务质量。     

Effect of Reinforcement Beam Sticking Different Layers Steel

This paper constituted the FEM(finite element method) model of sticky steel reinforcement beam and the model was used to analyze the reinforcement effect of the beam sticking different layers'' steel plate. The result shows two layers of steel is better than others, which agrees with theoretic analysis. It illuminate that the FEM model is in point for sticky steel reinforcement beam without crack.     

Optimal Standby Capacity and Its Valuation in Power Pool

The problem of optimal standby capacity and its valuation in Power Pool is very important and complicated. On the basis of researching literatures concerned, this paper constructs an optimal standby capacity model and researches the problem of pricing optimal standby capacity and determining power price on the user-side. The result shows that the optimal standby capacity at some period t is completely determined by the probability distribution density function of power load demand at this period and surplus power loss and insufficient power loss, and the price of optimal standby capacity is determined by real power price of entering power grid and the power price of forecasting load demand, and the expected power price on the user-side consists of the settlement price with grid loss on generation-side and reasonable gains and expected additional loss.