On the Non-price Bottom Bidding System under the Mode of Valuation with Bill Quality of Construction Works

It is the direction of the project bidding system reform to apply the non-price bottom bidding system under the mode of valuation with bill quality of construction works in China. In this paper, the significance of implementing the non-price bottom bidding system is analyzed and emphasis is put on the workout of the non-price bottom bidding, valuation and so on. The risk prevention and risk management are studied on the side of tenderee from the qualification examination, engineering guarantee, defending system and so on.     

Study on the Application of Communications Mechanism of Multi-agent Cooperation System in Tender Offer and Bidding

The quantity of work is needed to calculate the cost in tender offer and bidding. We represent the characteristic of KQML and put forward the idea of constructing the cost calculation system, which includes quantities calculation agents and cost calculation agents, applicable for not only tender bidding but also tender offer. The emphasis is to construct the communications mechanism between two kinds of agents by KQML. Then a communications application example between two kinds of Agent is depicted.     

专业机构项目管理“放管服”的措施与思考——以农业农村部科技发展中心为例

“放管服”改革在科技领域的迅速深入推进,对科研项目管理与服务提出了新的要求。笔者结合专业机构在项目管理中的实践与探索,分析了“放管服”改革的背景和要求,总结了专业机构在农业科研项目管理中落实“放管服”改革精神的经验做法,在此基础上提出了进一步落实改革精神的考虑和建议：正确理解“放管服”改革的精神实质;进一步强化项目承担单位“法人责任”;抓好专项实施的“两定三强”工作;加强专业机构内部管理体制机制创新;探索专项的专业化、精细化管理。     

Investigation on the Theory and Means of Construction Tendering and Bidding in the Period of Economy Transition

The tendering and bidding of engineering construction is a means, which makes use of the function of market mechanism to carry on or transmit the project.It has a history over one hundred years abroad, but it is used in China with great force only twenty years.Because actualizing construction tendering and bidding goes with the reform of market mechanism, the fashion of construction tendering and bidding in China is different from that customarily used internationally and there are many differences in means and procedures.In this paper, beginning with the theory of tendering and bidding, the premises of the first-price-sealed tendering and the current condition of China are compared and the means and development objects of tendering in the period of national economy transition are discussed.Finally, some problems and strategies to the problems of the mold of tendering of bill quantity of construction works are discussed.     

Analysis of the Behavior of Together-conspired Bidding

Since China adopted formalized and standardizedprocedures of tender and bidding in the construction industry, many illegal actions have been prevented effectively. However, the together-conspired bidding, a new illegal activity,recently emerged in many regions of China. It is widely believed that the establishedfair competition system will be frustrated and the healthy development of the industry will be harmed, if the together-conspired bidding can not be controlled. This paper firstly introduces the background of the together-conspired bidding and stressed the necessity of preventing together-conspired bidding. Then, the whole procedure of together-conspired bidding is studied and ananticipated profit model fortogether-conspired bidding is provided from the economic angle. According to the analysis on interactions between the economic factors and the anticipated profits, some strategic methods to prevent the together-conspired biddingare recommended.     

Analysis on the Claims Caused by the Defect of Contract

The engineering contract is composed of many documents between client and contractor, such as agreement, notification of award, tender and appendix to bid, conditions for particular application, instruction to bidders, technical specifications, design drawings and bill of quantities etc. Because of the limited time and money to prepare these documents, the defect is unavoidable. The defects include omittance, equivocalness, conflict and mistake. These defects often lead to claims.     

Measurements to Protect Owners'' Benefits under the Non-price Bottom Bidding

Investment on construction projects has become an important factor in improving the development of economy in China.The non-price bottom bidding is a representation that the investment on projects is becoming standardized.During the years of trying out the non-price bottom bidding,the colluding in bidding or bidding below the cost has happened several times,which have damaged the benefits of owners.To solve theses problems,this paper firstly studies the reason of these problems-the failure in the normal relationship between principal and agent.Then,some measures have been presented as follows: building systematic and scientific system of qualification prejudication,judging behaviors of colluding in bidding and bidding below the cost with reason and providing a surety mechanism of the project.The authors hope that these measures are beneficial to non-price bottom bidding.     

甘蔗基因组DNA提取方法的研究

试验是以甘蔗的嫩叶为材料,通过对前人的CTAB提取方法进行改良,以探索更好的甘蔗基因组DNA提取方法。通过改良最后得到的CTAB提取方法Ⅲ具有成本低、操作简单、省时等特点,并且得到的DNA经核酸蛋白质分析仪、琼脂糖凝胶电泳及RAPD检测分析表明方法Ⅲ提取得到的DNA完整性好,纯度高,可以直接用于各种分子标记。     

Study on Managerial Mode of Urban Infrastructure Projects

In this paper, the current situation of the management of urban infrastructure construction projects invested by government and the weakness of its managerial mode are briefly analyzed. The authors point out that it is a practical choice to improve the management by innovating in the managerial mode and establishing specialized organizations. Employing basic methods of science of organization and management, referring to the experience of developed countries, a new mode named "Works Bureau" is suggested. Two operational models based on financial and non-financial requirement of government projects are demonstrated in detail.     

Intelligent Extracting Method for Feature Mode of Electric Days Load

Generally there have a number of bad data in the electric load data and it affects the precision of load forecasting,so it is necessary for extracting the feature mode of days load data,then cleaning the load data before it is used to forecasting electric load or performing power system analysis.Inspired by soft clustering thought,a intelligent feature mode of days load data extracting method is proposed based on the mutual offset of fuzzy c-means clustering arithmetic and Kohonen self organization feature map neural network.With the merits of not only high extracting precision and convergent speed but also dynamic calculation capability,the method proposed can supply load forecasting or system analysis procedure with due data.Test results using actual data of Chengqu power supply bureau in Chongqing demonstrate the effectivity and feasibility of the method.     

Computer Aided Roll Collection Management System for Roads and Bridge

The application of Computer Aided Roll Collection Manage System for Roads and Bridge will ease workers and reduce leak of management,corruption farthest. It can improve manage level and work efficiency. It also can reduce traffic jam. This system adopts the technology of vehicle model recognition based on neural network, IC card, automatic recognition of bill based on OCR and transfer of compressed vehicle image. The technology of this system is advanced. This system has high reliability and durability and convenient.     

Ascertainment of the Cost of Construction Product in Construction Tendering and Bidding

The Tendering and Bidding Law" states that the bidder should not compete bidding through quoted price lower the cost, but it does not ascertain the meaning of the cost of building product. It is the purpose of this paper to ascertain the meaning of the building product cost. The calculation bases of both the social average product cost and of the enterprise individual product cost are analyzed and they are compared with each other. The authors point out that for some enterprise there is individual product cost lower the social average product cost. The function of design mechanism of bidding is revealing "private information" on "the lowest price". The purpose of carrying out bidding is introducing competition, reducing the cost for the owner and realizing the maximum yield. Both indicate the cost of building product, mentioned in "The Tendering and Bidding Law" should be the enterprise individual product cost.     

土地整治重大项目社会稳定风险评估初探

构建土地整治重大项目社会稳定风险评估机制,对规范土地整治重大项目建设和土地整治相关管理具有重要的现实意义。本文立足重大项目的全生命周期管理要求,综合分析了土地整治重大项目社会稳定风险的内涵,提出了相应的风险评估过程,并采用PSR模型建立了风险评估体系。研究认为：（1）重大项目的社会稳定风险在项目的立项论证、建设实施和管护运营等阶段均能以不同形式存在,风险评估应根据项目各管理阶段的重点任务及特征,系统分析土地整治过程中可能存在的各类风险因素;（2）风险评估过程应包含风险调查、风险识别、风险评价及风险化解四个程序;（3）基于PSR模型的风险评估体系可反映出土地整治社会稳定风险的产生、传导、作用和控制过程,可为重大项目风险评估指标的选取提供逻辑框架。     

Control Method of Voltage-reactive Power of Substation Based on the Real Time Adjusting Voltage Calculation

The main means of the voltage-reactive power control of substation are adjusting the taps of load-tap-changing transformer or the reasonable capacity of parallel compensating capacitors according to the operation condition of substation.The "nine-area control strategy" is widely used to adjust voltage in the stated range and reduce the transmission capability of reactive power for power system at present.By analyzing the existent shortages of nine-area control mode for voltage-reactive power,an adjusting voltage calculation method is put forward,input data of which are the real time data of current,voltage and power of the substation.Then operation decision of voltage-reactive power control method of substation is made.By the simulating analysis,predigesting method of upper system is built,based on which an applied real time calculating model and calculating steps is given.     

The Optimal Method of Calculation of Earthwork Volume of Transformer Substation

With the development of electric power industry, more and more projects of building transformer substation need a great deal of fund. More exact evalution of projects becomes more important.In evalution of projects, calculation of earthwork volume may be a very important part.According to the requirement of most projects and on the basis of traditional method , we have created a new method of optimal calculating earthwork and auto-balance. Minute-dividing technology and interpolating way are used to enhance the simulation of Grids.The new method can better simulate the landform and more effectively promote the precision and speed of calculation of earthwork .Auto-Balance can do what can't be reached by manual work.     

Improvement Algorithm of Generation Cost Based on Reliability

This paper discusses the influenced manner of reliability on bidding, and establishes the direct functional relationship among reliability, generation cost and electricity price in different risk of power generation. In this function model, the generation cost and the price could reflect the current reliability of equipment in a dynamic way. The generation risk is also considered in competitive bidding. The bidding strategy based on this model helps the power plant acquire the optimal benefit.     

“粮食丰产增效科技创新”重点专项组织实施进展情况

“十三五”期间是确保我国粮食安全、实施“转方式-调结构”,提升农业可持续发展能力的关键时期,科技在其中的支撑作用也更加重要。按照国家科技计划管理改革的整体部署,国家重点研发计划启动了“粮食丰产增效科技创新”重点专项,为粮食丰产增效可持续发展提供科技支撑。概述了专项自2016年启动实施以来在基础理论、共性关键技术、区域集成示范三大层次上取得的实施进展、各项目阶段性成果,以及组织管理经验,以期为有关科研人员和行业部门提供参考。     

Microcomputer Network Management Information System for Construction Engineering Invite and Bidding

To assure that inviting and bidding are accomplished legally, normally and orderly in the construction engineering, a tangible market came into being by means of novel technologies, such as computers, networks and information managing so that exoteric, fair and equitable principles are embodied during inviting and bidding in the construction engineering. A framework model of the information managing system for inviting and bidding is proposed, which owns common functions and can be applied to usual construction engineering bargaining. Functions and characteristics of the computer network management system, which was developed and applied on the basis of the framework model, for construction engineering inviting and bidding information are demonstrated. In addition, pivotal technologies of developing the system also are expatiated.Anticipated effects are gained and the system is proved to own a friendly man machine interface after running and applying near a year. Maneuverability and expansibility is competent for inviting and bidding in the tangible construction market.     

Application of the Pattern of Construction Management Contract in Large-scale Project in Shanghai

This article states systematically the fundamental conception of the mode of construction management general contract, the contract structure and the organization structure through the analysis of the construction characteristics of Shanghai large-scale projects, considering the situation of China and the characteristics of this line. It also summarizes the characteristics of the mode of construction management general contract through the example of the Pudong International Airport Construction. The mode of construction management general contract not only meets the needs of construction technique in bettering the design of construction project building, but also releases the pressure in middle and later management of construction project building and overcomes the deficiency of the long-term building period, hard-to-control investigation brought by the problem of design, purchase, construction divided from and restricted by each other existed in the traditional contract mode. It also helps the contractor to provide socialized, specialized, commoditized service for the contractor. Helps to overall arrangement, economized investment, management level improve ment can be given. So it has the superiority in super large-scale projects construction compared with the traditional construction management.     

Integrating Mechanism of Standard Costing Activity-Based Costing and Inner Transfer Pricing

According to the mutual relations of standard costing,activity-based costing and inner transfer pricing, this paper explores systematically the approaches of the integrations of the above three in the large or medium enterprises that carry out decentralized management. Further, we raise three models as external report model, internal decision model and social contribution model, based on the financial accounting, managerial accounting and incremental accounting respectively. Finally, we investigate the principle of stratified application of the integration of standard costing, activity-based costing and inner transfer pricing, in the perspective of practice. The formula is presented that decomposes the inner transfer pricing, budgets the comprehensive cost and converses the variable cost & materiel cost into the manufacturing cost.