A Decision-Making Framework Model of Tool Selection for Green Manufacturing and Its Applications

Pursuing the green manufacturing of products is beneficial to the alleviation of environment burdens. In order to reap such benefits, green manufacturing is involved in every aspect of manufacturing processes.The optimization selection of tool is one of the important approach to improve environmentally performance of cutting machining. The objective factors of decision making problems for traditional tool selection are usually the following, quality and cost.Based on the main idea of environmentally conscious and decision making framework model of green manufacturing proposed by the authors, an multi object decision making model for tool selection is put forward. The objects includes Time(T),Quality (Q),Cost(C), Resources(R) and Environment impact(E), where T aims to minimize the produce time,Q means to maximize the quality,C means to minimize the cost, R means to minimize the consume the resources and E means to minimize the environment impact respectively. Each object is analyzed in detail and integrated the Fuzzy Clustering Analysis Algorithm together with the expert judging method apply to the model too. A case study in which a practical decision making problem for tool selection in green manufacturing machining is analyzed. Successful application of above model shows the model is practical .     

基于GIS的低温冷冻灾害风险性评估

为了提高低温冷冻灾害的防御能力,为政府部门制定防灾减灾规划提供科学依据。本研究基于自然灾害形成机理及风险评估原理,以济南市长清区为例,利用气候资料、历史灾情数据、地理信息数据及社会经济等资料,采用层次分析法和加权综合评价法,借助GIS空间分析技术,通过对致灾因子危险性、敏感性、易损性和防灾减灾能力4个评价指标的空间评价,实现了对长清区低温冷冻灾害的风险性评估和综合区划。结果表明：长清区低温冷冻灾害总体表现为空间化强,没有规则的分布规律,综合风险性总体水平较高。文昌街道办事处、五峰山街道办事处、双泉乡的部分地区综合风险性最高,属于低温冷冻灾害的重点防御区域;轻、低风险主要分布在平安街道办事处、万德镇、马山镇、崮云湖街道办事处的部分辖区。该评估结果将对本地区农作物的种植规划及灾害防御措施的制定提供参考依据。     

基于本体推理和数据挖掘的良好农业规范专家系统

针对良好农业规范(good agricultural practices,GAP)标准内容复杂,不易被农业生产者准确使用的问题,将本体推理和数据挖掘技术相结合,构建了良好农业规范专家系统,实现标准知识查询和GAP控制点推荐等功能,更好的帮助生产者理解和使用GAP。系统构建过程中,采用本体知识表示方法构建GAP标准知识库,通过解析“良好农业规范生产和认证信息服务平台”的GAP电子检查表记录,对挖掘过程中涉及的关联规则算法进行分析和改进,挖掘分析了用户对控制点使用的偏好。设计了控制点评价模型,实现了GAP控制点的择优推荐。系统基于MVC模式,设计为3层体系架构。通过测试应用,用户能够准确和容易的使用GAP标准。     

Fault Diagnosis Expert System of Combustion Engine with Rough Set Theory

On the basis of fault diagnosis expert system, the rough set theory is introduced. Knowledge representation system table is taken as a major tool to reduce the rules of expert system in which unnecessary properties are eliminated. The redundancy of fault diagnosis information is revealed. The complexity of fault diagnosis expert system's structure is also reduced. The decision making rules are given finally.     

大豆气候品质评价技术模型研究

开展大豆气候品质评价技术方法研究既是开展农产品气候品质认证服务工作的必然要求,也是黑龙江省种植结构调整的现实需求。本文采用呼玛县1981-2018年大豆生育期、产量、气象灾情以及气温、降水、日照等气象资料,研究确定了大豆气候品质评价技术指标,并建立了评价模型。确定了大豆气候品质评价6个关键影响因子(年≥10℃积温、开花期低温、开花期日照、开花期降水、结荚鼓粒期降水、初霜冻)和分级指标。通过对专家打分法、相关系数法和通径系数法进行对比分析,最终采用相关系数法确定权重系数建立了大豆气候品质评价模型,历史拟合正确率达到了88%,说明该方法具有较高的实用性。     

基于知识模型的作物适应性评价专家系统设计

系统引入了知识模型概念,建立了以知识模型为特征的知识系统,将知识工程、数据库有机结合,采用正向与反向相结合的推理控制策略,建立了基于知识模型的作物适应性评价专家系统,实现了作物适应性评价的计算机辅助决策,具有较强的跟踪解释能力。用本系统对江苏省地区小麦适应性还进行了实例分析。     

棉铃虫灾变预警与辅助防治决策系统(MLCYJC-CDROM)研究

依据棉铃虫灾变预警与防治决策及系统分析原理 ,采用结构化分析与结构化设计和面向对象的设计方法 ,应用 VB编程开发而成。整个系统是一个融灾变预警与辅助防治决策信息的实况输入、数据处理、作用评估及结果输出于一体的实用性较强的计算机应用系统。其中灾变预警亚系统由灾变预警指标体系与灾变警级评估警报体系组成。辅助防治决策亚系统既接受灾变预警亚系统的信息传输 ,也含有辅助防治决策相关信息。据此确定棉铃虫灾变预警警级的等级 ,并指导综合防治决策 ,可使灾变警级预警更加符合实际 ,指导减灾防治更有科学依据     

Grey situation decision making method of condition basedmaintenance strategy for power transformer

Based on the status of CBM (Condition Based Maintenance) in domestic and abroad, the authors propose a GSDM (Grey Situation Decision Making) method of CBM strategy for power transformers. The countermeasure set of CBM for power transformers includes the five typical maintenance schemes, such as the off line maintenance, priority plan overhaul, surveillant operation, periodic overhaul and postponed overhaul. Taking the safety and economy into account, the five qualitative evaluation indexes of decision making, such as security, reliability, maintainability, economy and monitoring feasibility, are proposed, and the quantitative method of the qualitative evaluation indexes is presented. Through constructing situation effect vectors of GSDM, the optimal maintenance strategy for power transformers can be obtained on the base of the grey relational grade between the situation effect vectors and the optimal situation effect vectors. The examples of the CBM scheme for two power transformers in service are provided to illustrate the specific process of the decision making method and to verify its effectiveness.     

Computer Aided Decision-Making System of Power System Reliability Evaluation Based on Object-oriented

The reliability is an important component part of research fields in power system. This paper presents an application of object oriented programming to develop reliability evaluation system of electric networks. A new approach to reliability evaluation and graph expression is proposed, and a computer aided decision making system of electric network reliability evaluation using Visual C++ 5.0 under Windows95 environment is developed. The system can provide reliability data for power system operation and plan, which is the foundation for operation and decision making. It has the characteristics of better expansibility, convenient usage, user friendly interfaces and so on.     

基于GIS的基本农田占用预警研究

根据安徽省各市、县的统计资料,研究阐述了利用层次分析法确定耕地被占用影响因子权重的过程,提出了基于组件的耕地预警评估模型与GIS的集成方案,并据此构建了安徽省耕地利用预警决策支持系统,为土地利用监管者提供了科学合理的耕地保护决策信息。研究结果表明,安徽省土地利用变化主要表现为原有农田、农村居民点用地向城镇用地和建设用地转化,少数地区出现重警。     

东洞庭湖湿地生态系统健康评价

湿地生态系统健康评价是湿地保护的基础,对提高湿地生态环境管理水平具有重要的指导作用。以国家级自然保护区湖南省东洞庭湖湿地为研究区,利用Mamdani FIS (模糊推理系统)模型,构建了包含水体PH值,水体悬浮物浓度、土壤pH值、土壤含水量、植被类型数量、入侵物种数量、湿地面积变化率、人口密度、产业结构等9个影响因子的指标体系,进行了湿地生态系统健康评价。结果证明,东洞庭湖湿地生态系统健康评价得分为1.37分,健康状态介于亚健康和不健康之间。利用Mamdani FIS 模型的非线性分析能力和基于专家意见的推理规则,评估湿地健康指数时不需要先验知识支撑,简化了模型使用时对数据的要求。通过对评价结果进行分析提出了保护利用的建议,以期为长江中下游湖泊湿地生态环境保护政策的合理制定提供科学依据。     

基于MYSQL及DELPHI的烟叶原料产地与烟叶质量评价系统开发及实现

本文简述了对烟叶原料产地及所生产烟叶原料质量进行评价的意义和评价系统采用的评价模型、数据库设计、系统功能模块设计。采用MySQL作用数据库Delphi 7.0作为开发平台,实现了一个烟叶原料产地与烟叶质量评价系统。本研究可为相关农业生产管理部门及烟草生产企业在烤烟生产品种布局、烟叶质量评价方面提供决策的参考信息。     

Design of GIS-based monitoring and maintenance decision support system for urban sewage pipe network

Monitoring and maintenance of sewer system is important to city water environmental management. A method for pipeline monitoring and maintenance decision support system (PMMDSS) based on geologic information system (GIS) and decision making system (DSS) is developed for upgrading sewer system maintaining efficiency. Visual basic (VB) and standardized Active X components are employed in PMMDSS, which selected SuperMap Objects as the development platform. PMMDSS integrates the spatial and model system to achieve the decision analysis for the sewer system monitoring and maintenance. An application Software is developed based on a case study in Yuechi Country of Sichuan Province. The software can be used to dynamically monitor the heath condition and provide an optimum visual decision making platform for the city sewer system.     

An overview of APSIM, a model designed for farming systems simulation

The Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) is a modular modelling framework that has been developed by the Agricultural Production Systems Research Unit in Australia. APSIM was developed to simulate biophysical process in farming systems, in particular where there is interest in the economic and ecological outcomes of management practice in the face of climatic risk. The paper outlines APSIM's structure and provides details of the concepts behind the different plant, soil and management modules. These modules include a diverse range of crops, pastures and trees, soil processes including water balance, N and P transformations, soil pH, erosion and a full range of management controls. Reports of APSIM testing in a diverse range of systems and environments are summarised. An example of model performance in a long-term cropping systems trial is provided. APSIM has been used in a broad range of applications, including support for on-farm decision making, farming systems design for production or resource management objectives, assessment of the value of seasonal climate forecasting, analysis of supply chain issues in agribusiness activities, development of waste management guidelines, risk assessment for government policy making and as a guide to research and education activity. An extensive citation list for these model testing and application studies is provided.     

区域生态系统健康评价方法与应用研究

基于区域尺度,以活力、组织结构、恢复力为生态系统健康度的表征,选取21个评价指标,构建3个层次指标体系,在专家群咨询指导意见的基础上,借鉴生态系统医学理论划分健康等级,根据客观赋值变异系数法确定指标权重,用极差法对参评指标进行标准量化,并建立生态系统健康综合评价模型;以山东省垦利县生态系统为例,从时间纵向上判断区域生态系统健康的走势。评价结果表明：1996—2003年,垦利县的生态系统健康综合评价值由0.3664缓慢上升至0.7951,2003年生态系统属于亚健康状态,表明垦利县自然生态环境与社会、经济发展的协调性在逐渐加强,部分指标有所恶化。     

Model of Multiple Fuzzy Synthetical Evaluation for Enterprise Technology Innovation

Based on analyzing factor of the effect of technology innovation in enterprise,the distinctive multiple technology innovation system is established. The computing method of index weight is discussed in the face of multiple objective decision making, and the authors construct the quantitative analysis model of multiple fuzzy evaluation through fuzzy transform. With the present situation of certain manufacturing enterprise, some suggestions are given in the end after quantitative analyzing.     

蓝莓生态气候适宜度评价指标及模型的设计

为了客观有效地评价生态气候资源对蓝莓生长发育的适宜状况,基于科学性、系统性、实用性及动态性的原则,从蓝莓的种植区域生态环境、生育期气候条件、田间管理水平3个方面选取了12项指标,构建了蓝莓生态气候适宜度评价指标体系。运用模糊数学理论,分别建立了土壤、气温等评价因子对蓝莓生态气候适宜度的隶属函数,并结合专家打分法对各因子的权重进行了分配,构建一个二级层次结构的评价模型。通过评价模型可定量化计算出确定品种的蓝莓在具体种植地和时间段的生态气候适宜程度。本研究填补了国内蓝莓生态气候适宜性模糊评价的空白,为蓝莓引种、建园、产量及品质预测、气象灾害损失评估等提供科学依据。     

Environmental Impact Modeling of Urban Sprawl in Beijing, P. R. China

City expansion is a major driving force altering local and regional hydrology and increasing non point source (NPS) pollution. To explore these environmental consequences of urbanization, long term runoff and NPS pollution were assessed in Beijing, P. R. China. The assessment was based on land use types, soil hydrology, and long term precipitation data. The environmental impact model L THIA was used. The outcomes indicate that the area likely would be subjected to impacts from urbanization on runoff and some types of NPS pollution. Urban sprawl will increase runoff volume considerably and significantly increase losses of COD and certain heavy metals such as Pb, Zn in runoff. The results of this study have significant implications for urban planning and decision making efforts to protect and remediate water and habitat quality in the Beijing area. The techniques described herein can be used in other areas.     

基于知识溢出效应的供应链企业利益协调研究

针对知识溢出时供应链企业间的利益分配问题,引入了供应链成员的参与度和贡献因子等来模拟资源共享或协同创新活动所产生的溢出现象,并提出了包括共享认知、技术差距、经济与空间地理、溢出风险控制和溢出成果补偿等主要驱动因素。综合运用修正Shapley模型和专家打分的方法进行模糊组合决策分析,通过模拟由3个成员组成的供应链企业,计算出每个成员的贡献度和其对知识溢出的效应差异,发现知识共享认知因素和溢出效果的补偿因素对供应链企业整体利益协调有较大的影响。最后指出修正模型的合理性,结果也表明知识溢出的量化是个关键性问题,也亟需相应补偿机制的研究。     

Decision Model for Location Selection of the Resident Project

Started with studying the evaluation standard, which are influencing the decision for location selection of the resident project, this paper set up a decision model for the location selection. It confirmeds evaluation rule of the location selection according to the characteristic of the resident project and selects all the location by fuzzy mathematic and AHP. After this selection, AHP is used again to taxis all the suitable location to build in the most suitable place. This model is provided with a scientific and rational decision result in the location selection for companies of the real estate.