网箱养殖淡水鲳试验

为探索网箱养殖淡水白鲳的可行性，对网箱养殖淡水鲳的鱼种放养规格，密度，防逃措施等进行了试验。阶段验收结果：净产鱼１５６．９ｋｇ／ｍ＾２，盈利１００６．６元／ｍ２＾２，平均体重５７８ｇ／尾，增重８．３倍，投入产出比１：１．８９。     

淡水鲳网箱养殖试验

１９９４年金属箱１６只，面积９２．２ｍ２，淡水鲳产量６５００ｋｇ，产值１３万元，利税６．５万元；硬塑料箱亏损。１９９５年金属箱１０个，面积２０２．５ｍ２，产量１８７５０ｋｇ，利税１９．２８万元     

淡水鲳冬季人工繁殖试验

利用电厂余热水培育淡水鲳亲鱼,首次进行冬季人工繁殖,获得15万尾冬繁鱼苗.     

淡水鲳的鱼病防治

淡水鲳学名短盖巨脂鲤,原产于南美亚马逊河,是热带、亚热带的暖水性食用和观赏的大型鱼类之一。１９８２年引入我国台湾省,１９８８年获得了人工繁殖成功。由于淡水鲳生长迅速,受到各地的欢迎。随着淡水鲳养殖的推广,鱼病的发生也日益严重,危害较大。本文就淡水鲳的...     

四种常用鱼药对黄鳝苗种的敏感性试验

1 材料与方法1.1 试验鱼黄鳝苗种由峰高鱼种站提供,体长11～15厘米,平均体重3.6克/尾。试验前在室内水簇箱中暂养3天,进行正常投饲(投喂水蚯蚓),然后挑选体健无病,规格基本一致的个体作为试验对象,试验期间不投喂。1.2 试验药物敌百虫(90％的晶体),高锰酸钾(分析纯),孔雀石绿(生物染料),强氯精(化学纯)。1.3 试验条件试验在规格为25厘米×30厘米×50厘米的水簇缸内进行。试验用水为充气曝气后的自来水,pH值6.8～7.0,溶氧量4～5毫克/升,水温16～20℃。1.4 试验方法…     

淡水鲳人工繁殖及养殖试验研究

淡水鲳人工繁殖及养殖试验研究杨其才，刘书龙（国营安徽省合肥市郊区水产良种场，２３００４１）淡水鲳学名短盖巨脂鲤（ｃｏｌｏｓｓｏｍａｂｒａｃｈｙｐｏｍｕｍ，Ｃｕｖｉｅｒ）。我场于１９８７年１１月从长江水产研究所引进。至１９９０年达初次性成熟。经过四年的...     

淡水鲳夏季人工繁殖技术

淡水鲳夏季人工繁殖技术陈炎发，毕道生，舒建新，马丛普（湖北省蒲圻市水产局４３７３００）（蒲沂市水产良种场）从１９９１年起，我市每年４月、１０月春秋两季进行淡水地的人工繁殖，采用两针注射法，均获成功。根据蒲析市水产良种场养殖水面少，秋季繁殖的鱼苗无池培...     

淡水鲳池塘养殖高产试验初报

浙江省北部地区适宜淡水鲳生长,试养池折合亩净产量达514.26公斤.     

淡水鲳的催产与孵化

在浙江省北部地区的自然条件下,经过池塘培育和温流水越冬,淡水鲳是可以达到性成熟的,性成熟的年龄为3~ 龄,采用现行的四大家鱼催产剂,无论一次或分次注射,都能获得具有生命力的后代。     

淡水鲳早繁夏花当年养成食用鱼的试验

淡水鲳早繁培育的夏花经123天饲养,亩净产为408.13千克,平均个体重240.56克,达到了食用鱼规格;经成本核算,亩净利润可达1037.19元。     

山羊羔肠道淋巴集结提取物对淡水白鲳免疫力及生长的影响

取出生30 d以内的山羊(Capra hircus)羔,分离其肠道淋巴集结,经匀浆、反复冻融、离心,制备提取物。用该提取物饲喂体质量(21.2±1.1)g的淡水白鲳(Colossoma brachypomum)以检验其对鱼类免疫力及生长的影响。实验组和对照组各设3个平行组,每个平行组有29尾鱼,饲于1个0.3 m3水族箱。实验组按质量比为2%的比例向基础饲料中添加提取物,对照组只投喂基础饲料。15 d后,实验组淡水白鲳的白细胞吞噬活性、血清抗菌活力、血清溶菌酶活性、血清溶血素、特定生长率、饵料系数均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);血清酚氧化酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性与对照组相比没有显著提高(P>0.05)。实验表明,山羊羔肠道淋巴集结提取物能提高淡水白鲳免疫力,并对其生长有明显的促进作用,其作为饲料添加剂具有良好的应用前景。     

发电厂温排水淡水鲳冬季人工繁殖技术研究

研究确认了水温是影响淡水鲳性腺发育和生殖行为的主要因素，解决了电厂温排水条件下的催产、孵化、鱼苗开口和早期饵料等难题，形成较完整的淡水鲳冬季人工繁殖技术路线。１９９２年１２月育出首批鱼苗１５万尾，至１９９３年６月９日共存活平均体重７４．９６ｇ鱼种１．４万尾。重复试验４次均获成功。鱼种当年可养成商品鲳。１９９３年１０月专家会议鉴定认为，本研究成果居国内领先水平。     

六种常用渔药对宽体金线蛭的急性毒性试验

在水温26.5~28.5℃的室内静水条件下,研究了二氧化氯、高锰酸钾、苯扎溴铵、戊二醛、伊维菌素和聚维酮碘对宽体金线蛭(Whitmania pigra)幼蛭的急性毒性效应。结果显示:6种药物对宽体金线蛭幼蛭48h的半致死质量浓度(LC50)分别为11.8850、3.7154、0.0056、0.1426、0.0066和6.4595mg/L;安全质量浓度(SC)分别为1.5593、0.4781、0.0003、0.0068、0.0002和0.6769mg/L。宽体金线蛭幼蛭对以上6种药物的敏感性差异较大,敏感性大小依次为:伊维菌素>苯扎溴按>戊二醛>高锰酸钾>聚维酮碘>二氧化氯。结果表明,二氧化氯和聚维酮碘在宽体金线蛭幼蛭养殖过程中可以安全使用,而伊维菌素、苯扎溴铵、戊二醛和高锰酸钾需慎用。     

微生态制剂对观赏鱼常见病的防治试验

水霉病、烂鳃病、烂尾病等是观赏鱼的常见病和多发病,利用微生态制剂预防及治疗鱼病,既能达到防治效果,又能改善水体环境,提高观赏鱼类的体质和色感。     

A computer vision system to analyse the swimming behaviour of farmed fish in commercial aquaculture facilities: A case study using cage-held Atlantic salmon

Knowledge of fish behaviour plays an important role in aquaculture farm management. Video systems are the most common and cost-effective way of observing behaviours in commercial aquaculture operations. However long term observation is not feasible due to a limited ability to analyse footage manually. This paper describes preliminary findings obtained via computer vision software that was developed to automatically analyse fish movement and behaviours in aquaculture sea cages. Results show that the system is capable of detecting fish shapes in video recordings and from these shapes quantifying changes in swimming speed and direction continuously throughout the day. Also variations between days were detected and these may have been associated with the daily shift in the tidal cycle. The system has the potential to act as an alarm to farm operators, informing them about unusual fish behaviours on a continuous, real-time basis. It also has potential to assist in the evaluation of fish welfare.     

鱼类饲料油脂氧化酸败分析及对饲料质量影响探讨

本对四种油脂（大豆油脚、鱼油、新鲜豆油和熟豆油）和五种鱼用颗 粒饲料（市售）进行了过氧化值和硫代巴妥酸（TBA）值的分析测定；并测得大豆油脚贮藏前后（10天）氧化酸败值的变化。     

A common environment experiment reveals plastic and genetic contributions to the fast life‐history strategy of an invasive fish

Invasive species often exhibit a suite of life‐history traits that promote rapid population growth, including early age and small size at maturation, and high reproductive investment. The common expression of these “fast” life‐history traits in invasive populations could be the result of plastic and/or genetic responses to the non‐native environment, or in response to the process of range expansion. To determine the relative importance of plastic and genetic contributions to the expression of life‐history traits, we reared two native Canadian and two invasive Spanish populations of Pumpkinseed sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus) in a common environment in central Ontario, Canada. In the wild, European Pumpkinseed tend to exhibit faster juvenile growth rates, younger age and smaller size at maturity, and higher reproductive investment than native North American populations. When reared in a common environment, both native and invasive populations exhibited similar juvenile growth rates, and similar age and size at maturity, suggesting that the differences seen among wild populations are a plastic response to the warmer non‐native environment. However, reproductive investment was consistently higher in the Spanish populations regardless of rearing environment, suggesting a genetic difference in reproductive investment between native and invasive populations. Selection for greater reproductive investment in non‐native Pumpkinseed may have contributed to their widespread success in Europe.     

A simple test to estimate the salinity resistance of fish with specific application to O. niloticus and S. melanotheron

In order to develop a simple and accurate index of the salinity resistance of tilapia, batches of 10 juveniles (5 to 20 g) of two different species Oreochromis niloticus and Sarotherodon melanotheron reared in freshwater were subjected to gradual increases in salinity until 100% mortality. Seven daily increments of salinity were tested with 4 replicates: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 g l⁻¹ day⁻¹, while control batches were kept in fresh water. The temperature was maintained at 27 °C. The concentration of oxygen, ammonia and the pH were not limiting factors. The mortality, monitored on a daily basis, appeared after 2–51 days and was spread out over 1–20 days, depending on the increment of salinity. The higher the daily rate in salinity increase, then the shorter the time lapse before total mortality occurred. The cumulative mortality as a function of salinity fit well with simple linear regressions. The criterion of the resistance to salinity was the index MLS (median lethal salinity) defined at each daily rate as the salinity at which 50% of fish died. For S. melanotheron, the mean MLS was 123.7±3.5 g l⁻¹ whatever the daily rate in salinity. For O. niloticus, the MLS was 46.3±3.4 g l⁻¹ for daily increases in salinity ranging from 2 to 8 g l⁻¹ day⁻¹ and decreased significantly (P<0.05) above this level. The MLS-8 g l⁻¹ day⁻¹ ,which takes into account the full capacity of the fish to adapt to the increasing salinity, appeared to be a simple, optimized and efficient criterion for assessing the resistance to salinity for O. niloticus and S. melanotheron. This criterion can be a useful tool for ranking the different parental strains and hybrids of different genus and species of tilapia used in programmes of genetic selection for growth and salinity tolerance.