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中药血清药理学方法科学、准确,更能反映中药作用特点和体内过程。目前该法已经在人用中药药理研究中广泛应用,研究范围涉及抗菌、抗病毒、呼吸、免疫、消化、生殖等许多方面。本文就中药血清药理方法学的动物造模、给药方式、采血时间、血清处理、血清在体外反应体系中的添加量、对照组的设立几方面做一综述,旨在为兽用中药的药理学研究提供参考。 相似文献
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中药血清药理学方法及其在中兽药研究中的展望 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
中药血清药理学是指将中药或中药复方经口给动物灌服一定时间后采集动物血液、分离血清,用此含有药物成分的血清进行体外实验的一种实验技术。该方法不仅科学、准确,更能反映中药的作用特点和体内过程。因此把它应用于中兽药的研究当中,具有很好的前景。本文就动物选择、动物造模、给药方案、采血时间、采血方法、血清处理与保存、血清的添加量、对照组的设立及展望等几方面作一综述,旨在为中兽药的药理学研究提供参考。 相似文献
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金荞麦根提取物对鸡脾淋巴细胞活性影响的血清药理学研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
应用中药血清药理学的方法探讨了金荞麦根乙醇提取物药物血清对鸡脾T、B淋巴细胞增殖活性影响的时效及量效关系。首先通过预试验确定含药血清制备方案,包括给药剂量、给药方案和采血时间点的确定。根据预试验结果,设立4个试验组即高(40g生药/kg.d)、中(24g生药/kg.d)、低剂量组(6g生药/kg.d)和空白对照组(灌胃等体积的生理盐水),每天灌服2次,连续14d,末次灌服后40、80、120、180min分别翅下静脉采血,无菌分离血清,经56℃、30min灭活备用。同时,通过体外试验系统中的血清不同添加量试验,确定以2.5%的金荞麦根含药血清为体外细胞培养体系中含药血清的添加量,采用MTT法来探讨金荞麦根各含药血清对鸡脾淋巴细胞增殖活性的影响。结果表明,金荞麦根含药血清对鸡脾淋巴细胞的增殖活性呈明显的时-效及量-效关系,其中以中剂量组120min时相含药血清对鸡脾淋巴细胞的增殖活性为最强(P0.05)。 相似文献
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采用血清药理学方法,观察白龙汤的体内抑菌作用,并确定白龙汤的最佳采血时间.白龙汤给大耳白兔连续3d灌胃给药,最后一次给药后0.5、1、1.5、2、3、4h取血,制备含药血清,观察对大肠杆菌、志贺氏痢疾杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、链球菌的抑菌作用.结果表明:白龙汤含药血清对大肠杆菌、志贺氏痢疾杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、链球菌均有抑菌作用,与对照组相比差异极显著P<0.01,且大肠杆菌、志贺氏痢疾杆菌、链球菌1.5h组与其它各试验组相比差异显著P<0.05,说明1.5h抑菌作用最强,为给药后最佳采血时间. 相似文献
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中药血清药理学的研究方法及其应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
中药血清药理学是近年来逐渐发展起来的研究中药药效较为科学的一种方法,它是由日本学者田代真一[1]于1987年首次提出的,是为了研究中药复方而诞生的一种新的体外实验方法,它是在以前体外实验的基础上加以改进形成的,即将受试药物经口给予动物后以含药血清代替中药粗提物作为药物源加入离体反应系统中研究其药理作用.它不仅具有体外实验的优点[2,3],如条件可控性强,可在细胞、亚细胞水平进行超微、生化、受体、基因等方面的研究;揭示药物作用机理较为深入,重复性好,使用材料少等,而且有其更适合中药及其复方制剂研究的独特之处. 相似文献
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本试验旨在采用血清药理学方法研究银杏叶提取物(EGB)对肉仔鸡脾脏淋巴细胞增殖及分泌白介素-2(IL-2)的影响。试验采用基础日粮(对照)和基础日粮中分别添加0.009%金霉素及0.15%、0.20%、0.25%EGB的4种日粮饲喂肉仔鸡。21、42日龄时,采血并制备对照组、金霉素组和EGB含药血清,然后分别加入到体外培养的由伴刀豆球蛋白A(ConA)诱导的肉仔鸡脾脏淋巴细胞中,再分别用MTT法、ELISA法测定淋巴细胞增殖的变化和IL-2的分泌量。结果表明:EGB含药血清能显著促进由ConA诱导的肉仔鸡脾脏淋巴细胞增殖和IL-2分泌(P<0.05),而且EGB含药血清的作用效果好于金霉素组含药血清,表明EGB含药血清可促进由ConA诱导的肉仔鸡脾脏淋巴细胞增殖和分泌IL-2。 相似文献
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用血清药理学方法,观察七味胆膏汤的体内抑菌作用,并探讨七味胆膏汤的最佳采血时间。七味胆膏汤给大耳白兔连续3d灌胃给药,最后一次给药后0.5、1、2、4h取血,制备含药血清,观察对大肠杆菌、志贺氏痢疾杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、链球菌的抑菌作用。结果表明:七味胆膏汤含药血清对大肠杆菌、志贺氏痢疾杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、链球菌均有抑菌作用,与对照组相比差异极显著(P〈0.01),且大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、链球菌2h组与其它各试验组相比差异显著(P〈0.05),说明口服给药2h组抑菌作用最强.为给药后嚣仕采血时间. 相似文献
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白头翁汤含药血清抑菌作用观察 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
白头翁汤处方根据<中华人民共和国兽药典>(2005年版),由白头翁、黄连、黄柏、秦皮4味中药组成,具有清热燥湿、凉血止痢之功效,其主要成分为生物碱类、香豆素类、皂苷类和柠檬苦素类化合物[1],为湿热痢疾的首选方剂,关于白头翁汤的体外抑菌试验已有许多文献报道[2],但体外抑菌实验不能真实反映药物在体内抑菌的真实情况[3],为此,我们采用血清药理学实验方法,探讨白头翁汤对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎球菌、链球菌、李氏杆菌等5种细菌的抑菌作用和给药后含药血清的最佳采血时间. 相似文献
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本文建立了一种应用单克隆抗体(McAb)技术分析血清抗体成分的方法。经实验证明,本法特异性和重复性均较理想,并不受血清种属的限制。通过对56份鼻疽血清的检测,初步表明本法可用于血清抗体成分分析、血清学诊断以及观察单一抗原决定簇免疫原性等方面。 相似文献
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用190日龄蛋用父母代海兰种鸡研究不同供钙方式对鸡产蛋周期中血浆钙磷含量变化的影响。结果表明:试验组鸡血浆钙在24h内的动态变化趋势与对照组大致相同;在蛋壳非形成期,血浆钙浓度保持在较高水平;在蛋壳形成期,血浆钙浓度下降;蛋壳形成后血浆钙浓度又回升,而在变化幅度上存在差异。鸡血浆磷浓度在24h内的动态变化趋势,两种方式差异较大,试验组在蛋壳形成黑暗时期的血浆磷含量下降,而对照组则否。 相似文献
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为制备山羊干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)免疫血清并建立山羊IFN-γ抗体ELISA检测方法 ,以原核表达的山羊γIFN重组蛋白(rIFN-γ)为材料,免疫小鼠制备免疫血清;通过对测定不同的抗原包被浓度及包被时间,酶标抗体稀释度,免疫血清的孵育时间等条件的优化建立检测抗体效价的ELISA检测方法,并采用建立的方法测定免疫血清的抗体效价。结果显示,rIFN-γ抗原包被浓度为10μg/mL,4℃包被12h;酶标抗体稀释度为1∶5 000;免疫血清孵育时间为60min,可以得到最佳ELISA的检测结果。重复试验显示该方法变异系数(CV)在1.5%~5%之间。采用建立的方法测得免疫小鼠免疫血清效价为107。该ELISA检测方法灵敏高,稳定性好,为山羊IFN-γ抗体检测提供了技术支持。 相似文献
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Felice LJ Dombrovskis D Lafond E Bartges J Osborne CA 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》1990,19(3):86-89
A reproducible high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for analysis of uric acid in canine serum and urine. The method consists of precipitating serum proteins with phosphotungstic acid prior to HPLC analysis. Urine is analyzed after dilution with buffer. Chromatography is performed on a reversed-phase C-18 column with UV detection at 292 nm. Sensitivity of the method will allow reproducible measurement of uric acid at concentrations of 0.05 mg/dl in serum and 0.1 mg/dl in urine. The HPLC method has been used to quantify hundreds of canine serum and urine samples. The method is superior to UV absorption or colorimetric methods because its lower limit of detection allows measurement of uric acid at concentrations found in canine serum and urine. 相似文献
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M. Ijaz M. S. Khan M. A. Khan M. Avais A. Maqbool M. M. Ali W. Shahzad 《Equine Veterinary Education》2010,22(4):196-198
The prevalence of Streptococcus equi serovar equi (S.equi) in nasal discharge and pus samples from sub‐mandibular lymph nodes in mules at the Remount Depot, Sargodha was examined and total serum proteins, serum albumin, serum globulin and fibrinogen measured. A total of 250 nasal swabs and pus samples were collected from mules and examined microbiologically: 99 (39.6%) were positive for S. equi. A higher occurrence of S. equi was recorded in foals as compared to adults. The concentrations of total serum protein, serum globulin and fibrinogen were significantly increased (P<0.05), while the concentration of serum albumin significantly decreased (P<0.05) in strangles‐affected mules. It was concluded that increased total serum proteins, serum globulin and fibrinogen along with decreased serum albumin were important indicators of infection by S. equi in mules. 相似文献
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Horney BS MacKenzie AL Burton SA Olexson DW Mitton KL Coty WA Rinne SG 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》1999,28(1):20-28
A homogenous enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for measurement of serum thyroxine (T4) concentration was evaluated for use with canine and feline serum. The EIA method was linear from 0 to 150 nmol T4/L for human serum, 0 to 94 nmol T4/L for feline serum and 10 to 60 nmol T4/L for canine serum. Intra- and interassay precision studies yielded coefficients of variation = 8% using single point measurements. Method comparison studies gave close agreement between radioimmunoassay (RIA) and EIA results. Correlation coefficients (r values) were 0.88 and 0.97 for canine and feline samples respectively, after application of species-specific factors to correct the calibrator values assigned for human serum samples. The EIA showed no interference from hemolysis at hemoglobin concentrations = 20 g/L or from moderate lipemia. Highly lipemic specimens could be tested after centrifugation to clarify the sample. The EIA showed less interference from autoantibodies to T4 than the RIA method. The EIA method allows automation of T4 testing in a veterinary hospital or laboratory, and can be integrated with the routine clinical chemistry panel. 相似文献
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Federica Crivellente Nicola Bocchini Luca Vandin Patrizia Cristofori 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2009,38(3):326-331
Background: The rat is used often to assess the toxicity of new chemical entities in preclinical drug development. Bilirubin concentration in rat serum is routinely determined by colorimetric methods, but false positive results due to hemolyzed serum or direct interferences by test compounds may occur. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is an automated method that requires small sample volume and facilitates the direct detection of bilirubin. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a CE method for detecting bilirubin and albumin‐bound bilirubin in rat serum and to measure potential interference by hemolysis and specific test compounds. Methods: Serum samples from male Sprague Dawley rats (n=20) were used in the study. Results obtained on a Beckman P/ACE MDQ CE instrument equipped with a UV‐detector were compared with those obtained using a colorimetric method on a Hitachi 912 analyzer. Bilirubin standards were used to evaluate the detection and stability of bilirubin in rat serum, and vials with ultrafiltration membranes were used to separate albumin‐bound bilirubin. Intraday and interday coefficients of variation (CV), linearity, and the effects of added hemoglobin and a test compound on CE results were determined. Results: The CE method was capable of detecting bilirubin and albumin‐bound bilirubin in rat serum samples with reproducible results and good accuracy. CVs were <3% and linearity of the CE assay was high (R2=0.9951). Abnormally high bilirubin peaks due to the presence of hemoglobin or the test compound were easily distinguished by means of CE. Conclusion: CE is a good alternative to the colorimetric methods currently used for the determination of bilirubin in rat serum. 相似文献
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家兔血清中苦马豆素的气相色谱测定方法 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
建立家兔血清中苦马豆素(SW)浓度的气相色谱测定方法,为SW的毒理学和免疫学研究提供条件。饲喂家兔甘肃棘豆草粉后,分别于5、10、20d采集血液并分离血清;血清经过丙酮沉淀、超声和离心净化处理后,冷冻干燥;冻干物经硅烷化试剂衍生化反应,用气相色谱内标法测定血清中SW的含量。结果显示,测定SW的线性范围为0.00008~2.5g/L,相关系数γ=0.9996,检出限为0.00008g/L。在0.001、0.01、0.1、1.0g/L分别添加SW的回收率为89.81%~96.23%,相对标准偏差为2.46%~4.35%。结果表明,该方法准确、灵敏、快速、简便,适用于家兔血清中SW含量的测定。 相似文献