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针对营养液参数具有非线性、时滞的特点,提出一种营养液模糊-积分控制器结构,解决系统稳态误差问题。系统采用直接法进行在线规则推理,便于修改控制器的模糊规则。将系统应用于无糖植物组织培养营养液控制,试验结果表明,系统无超调,pH值稳态误差为0.08,电导率稳态误差为0.11mS/cm,两参数控制精度满足无糖植物组织培养的需要。 相似文献
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混沌粒子群算法在新安江模型参数优选中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
流域水文模型由于受到众多因素的影响导致结构复杂、参数众多,大多数参数都有明确的物理意义,理论上可根据其物理意义直接定量,但实际上由于缺乏观测数据支持,往往需要通过系统识别的方法推求.因此,积极开展模型参数识别技术的研究和应用从而得到合适的参数对模型推广应用及提高应用精度都有很重要的意义.采用由粒子群算法和混沌优化方法结合的混沌粒子群算法对水文模型参数进行优选,该算法对局部最优解在搜索空间上进行混沌迭代优化,改善和提高了基本粒子群算法的全局寻优性能和收敛速度.在新安江水文模型参数优选的应用结果表明,该参数优选方法比传统参数优选方法更易快速的收敛于全局最优解. 相似文献
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混沌粒子群算法在新安江模型参数 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
流域水文模型由于受到众多因素的影响导致结构复杂、参数众多,大多数参数都有明确的物理意义,理论上可根据其物理意义直接定量,但实际上由于缺乏观测数据支持,往往需要通过系统识别的方法推求。因此,积极开展模型参数识别技术的研究和应用从而得到合适的参数对模型推广应用及提高应用精度都有很重要的意义。采用由粒子群算法和混沌优化方法结合的混沌粒子群算法对水文模型参数进行优选,该算法对局部最优解在搜索空间上进行混沌迭代优化,改善和提高了基本粒子群算法的全局寻优性能和收敛速度。在新安江水文模型参数优选的应用结果表明,该参数优选方法比传统参数优选方法更易快速的收敛于全局最优解。 相似文献
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利用变尺度混沌优化算法(Mutative Scale Chaos Optimization Algorithm,MSCOA)对水电站中长期水库调度问题进行优化计算。变尺度混沌优化算法解决水电站中长期水库优化调度问题的主要思想是利用混沌运动的特点,由Logistic 方程随机生成混沌序列;将其载波到包含水电站目标函数可行域S的一个区域;利用随机性、遍历性和规律性,不断缩小优化变量的搜索空间和提高搜索精度进行全局寻优,从中搜索属于可行域S的解;同时在搜索中引入解向量优选,将解向量中那些接近全局最优解的分量找出,构成一个新的向量,代入目标函数中进行计算,从而找出全局最优解,最终求出水电站水库调度的最优调度线。水库优化调度问题是一个具有复杂约束条件的大型、多目标、动态非线性优化问题,将变尺度混沌优化方法应用到水库优化调度问题中,优化计算结果表明变尺度混沌优化方法为求解水库优化调度问题提供了一种有效方法,具有较大的实用价值。 相似文献
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无糖组织培养采用以CO2气体为碳源,采用人工光照和营养液提供养分的方法培养组培苗。根据无糖组织培养的特点,设计了一种营养液系统,介绍了系统结构和工作原理,论述了pH值、电导率值、溶存氧和液体温度的控制策略。试验表明,系统结构简单,自动化程度高,控制精度满足无糖组培苗生产的需要。 相似文献
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营养液配置及灌溉控制技术已成为无土栽培中的关键技术,然而目前营养液管理控制中存在配置流程繁琐、营养液配比不精准及灌溉策略单一等问题,阻碍了无土栽培技术的大面积推广应用。针对上述问题,设计了一种基于马利奥特装置的营养液管理控制系统,该系统主要由营养液配制系统与营养液灌溉控制系统两部分组成。通过EC(电导率)和pH值传感器实时获取营养液成分,建立配液系统,依据不同作物营养需求自动、快速配置目标营养液。根据不同用户的需求,结合作物栽培区的气象参数和应用环境,制定了3种不同的灌溉策略:参比蒸散灌溉模式、光照辐射灌溉模式、定时灌溉模式。实验表明,该系统可以快速、准确地实现营养液的管理控制,为作物的无土栽培技术的大面积推广应用奠定了基础。 相似文献
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Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
E. Playn O. Prez-Coveta A. Martínez-Cob J. Herrero P. García-Navarro B. Latorre P. Brufau J. Garcs 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(6):645-658
Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m−1) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day−1. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day−1), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day−1 was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration. 相似文献
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瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。 相似文献
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对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明:该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。 相似文献
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对《种子法》存在问题的探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
李鹏 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(6):129-130
《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。 相似文献
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About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered. 相似文献
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在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。 相似文献
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在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。 相似文献
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车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。 相似文献
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工厂化养殖是现代水产养殖的必然发展趋势,需要重点解决的问题是连续不间断地监测并控制养殖水质.为此.提出了一个远程在线自动测控系统方案,实现并成功应用于水产养殖基地.经实践证明,此系统是一个结构简单、低投入高产出、实用价值较高的工厂化水产养殖远程自动测控系统. 相似文献