隐性乳腺炎患牛乳汁电导率变化与体细胞数相关关系的研究

本试验以随机采集的奶牛乳样为研究对象,对乳样的电导率与体细胞数进行了测定与分析。结果显示,体细胞数在20万～50万个/mL时,奶牛乳汁电导率值在0.40～0.55mho/m之间;体细胞数在50万个/mL以上时,奶牛乳汁电导率在0.6mho/m以上。结果表明,牛乳电导率的变化与体细胞数呈正相关,可确定利用牛乳体细胞数与电导率变化的相关关系可准确判断奶牛隐性乳房炎。     

隐性乳房炎患牛乳汁pH值变化与体细胞数关系的研究

采集奶牛乳样604份, 测定乳汁pH值与体细胞的含量, 确定奶牛隐性乳房炎与牛乳pH值的变化关系。结果表明, 牛乳pH值的变化与体细胞的含量呈正相关。正常乳汁的pH值在6 4~6 6之间; 体细胞在20万~50万/mL区间时, 奶牛乳汁pH值在6 6~6 8之间; 体细胞在50~150万/mL区间时, 奶牛乳汁pH值在6 8~7 0之间; 体细胞在150万~500万/mL区间时, 奶牛乳汁pH值在7 0~7 2之间; 体细胞大于500万/mL时, 奶牛乳汁pH值在7 2以上。     

牛乳电导率和pH值变化与体细胞数相关性的研究

本试验以随机采集的奶牛乳样为研究对象，对乳样的电导率、pH值与体细胞数进行了测定与分析。结果显示，体细胞数在50万个／mL以下时．电导率值在4．40～4．75ms／cm之间、pH值在6．50～6．80之间；体细胞数在50万-500万个／mL以上时．电导率在5．20～9．00ms，cm之间、pH值在6．80～7．20；体细胞数在500万以上，电导率值在9．00ms／cm以上、pH值在7．20以上。结果表明，牛乳电导率的变化与体细胞数呈正相关，pH值的变化与体细胞数相关性不明显，可利用牛乳体细胞数与电导率变化的相关关系判断奶牛隐性乳房炎发病程度。     

浅析奶牛牛乳汁中电导率、PH值变化与体细胞数的相关关系的研究

本试验随机采集本中心荷斯坦奶牛的生鲜乳的奶样为研究对象,对乳样的电导率、p H值和体细胞数的测定以及相关关系研究后得出结论:体细胞数在50万个/m L以下时,电导率值在4.40~4.75ms/cm之间、p H值在6.40~6.80之间;体细胞数在50~150万个/m L以上时,电导率在5.20~7.00ms/cm之间、p H值在6.80~7.15;体细胞数在150万以上,电导率值在7.00ms/cm以上、p H值在7.15以上,结果表明,牛乳电导率、p H值的变化与体细胞的含量呈正比,电导率p H值越高、体细胞数越高,患隐性乳房炎的可能性就越大。因此可以利用牛乳体细胞数与电导率p H值变化的相关关系来判断奶牛是否患有隐性乳房炎。     

牛乳电导率值与体细胞数相关性的研究

试验以随机采集的奶牛乳样为研究对象，对乳样的电导率值与体细胞数进行了测定与分析。结果显示，体细胞数在50万个/ml以下时，电导率值在4．40～4．75ms／cm之间；体细胞数在50万～500万个／ml时，电导率值在5．20～9．00ms／cm之间；体细胞数在500万／个ml时，电导率值在9．00ms／cm以上。结果表明，牛乳电导率的变化与体细胞数呈正相关，可利用牛乳体细胞数与电导率变化的相关关系判断奶牛隐性乳房炎发病程度。     

患隐性乳房炎的奶牛乳汁pH值变化与体细胞关系的研究

采集新疆垦区奶牛乳样604份,利用奶牛隐性乳房炎诊断液、光学显微镜以及pH211酸度计测定乳汁的pH值与体细胞的含量,确定奶牛隐性乳房炎与牛乳pH值的变化关系。结果表明,牛乳pH值的变化与体细胞和炎性细胞的含量呈正相关,即泌乳奶牛乳汁的正常pH值在6.4～6.6之间;体细胞在20～50万/毫升区间时,奶牛乳汁pH值在6.6～6.8之间;体细胞在50～150万/毫升区间时,奶牛乳汁pH值在6.8～7.0之间;体细胞在150～500万/毫升区间时,奶牛乳汁pH值在7.0～7.2之间;体细胞在大于500万/毫升时,奶牛乳汁pH值在7.2以上。     

牛奶酸碱度与奶牛隐性乳房炎发病情况的相关研究

采集100头商丘市成年中国荷斯坦奶牛的乳样300份,根据奶牛的年龄胎次等情况将之分成3组.利用酸度计、光学显微镜并辅以计数板辅助测定牛乳的pH值及体细胞的含量,分析奶牛隐性乳房炎与牛乳pH值的相关关系.结果表明当牛乳的体细胞在20万/毫升时,奶牛乳房炎发病率为0,3%,其乳汁的pH值在6.4～6.6之间:体细胞在20万～50万/毫升区间时,奶牛乳房炎发病率为11.2%,奶牛乳汁pH值在6.6～6.8之间:体细胞在50万～150万/毫升区间时,奶牛乳房炎发病率为26.1%,奶牛乳汁pH值在6.8～7.0之间;体细胞在150万～500 万/毫升区间时,奶牛乳房炎发病率为45.3%,奶牛乳汁pH值在7.0～7.2之间;体细胞大于500万/毫升时,奶牛乳房炎发病率为68.7%,奶牛乳汁pH值在7.2以上.牛乳pH值的变化与体细胞和炎性细胞的含量呈显著的正相关,相关系数r=0.387.     

患隐性乳房炎的奶牛乳汁pH值变化与体细胞关系的研究

采集新疆垦区奶牛乳样604份,利用奶牛隐性乳房炎诊断液、光学显微镜以及pH211酸度计测定乳汁的pH值与体细胞的含量,确定奶牛隐性乳房炎与牛乳pH值的变化关系。结果表明,牛乳pH值的变化与体细胞和炎性细胞的含量呈正相关,即泌乳奶牛乳汁的正常pH值在6．4～6．6之间;体细胞在20～50万／毫升区间时,奶牛乳汁pH值在6．6～6．8之间;体细胞在50～150万／毫升区间时,奶牛乳汁pH值在6．8～7．0之间;体细胞在150～500万／毫升区间时,奶牛乳汁pH值在7．0～7．2之间;体细胞在大于500万／毫升时,奶牛乳汁pH值在7．2以上。     

患隐性乳房炎的奶牛乳汁pH变化与体细胞关系的研究

采集新疆垦区奶牛乳样若干份(604份)，利用奶牛隐性乳房炎诊断液、光学显微镜，以及pH211酸度计测定乳汁的pH与体细胞的含量，确定奶牛隐性乳房炎与牛乳pH的变化关系。结果表明，牛乳pH的变化与体细胞和炎性细胞的含量呈正相关，即泌乳奶牛乳汁的正常pH在6．4～6．6之间；体细胞在20万～50万个／ml区间时，奶牛乳汁pH在6．6～6．8之间；体细胞在50万～150万个／ml区间时，奶牛乳汁pH在6．8～7．0之间；体细胞在150万～500万个／ml区间时，奶牛乳汁pH在7．0～7．2之间；体细胞大于500万个／ml时，奶牛乳汁pH在7．2以上。     

牛奶酸碱度与奶牛隐性乳房炎发病情况的相关研究

采集100头商丘市成年中国荷斯坦奶牛的乳样300份,根据奶牛的年龄胎次等情况将之分成3组。利用酸度计、光学显微镜并辅以计数板辅助测定牛乳的pH值及体细胞的含量,分析奶牛隐性乳房炎与牛乳pH值的相关关系。结果表明当牛乳的体细胞在20万／毫升时,奶牛乳房炎发病率为0.3％,其乳汁的pH值在6.4～6.6之间;体细胞在20万～50万／毫升区间时,奶牛乳房炎发病率为11.2％,奶牛乳汁pH值在6,6～6,8之间;体细胞在50万～150万／毫升区间时,奶牛乳房炎发病率为26.1％,奶牛乳汁pH值在6.8～7.0之间;体细胞在150万～500 万／毫升区间时,奶牛乳房炎发病率为45.3％,奶牛乳汁pH值在7.0～7.2之间;体细胞大于500万／毫升时,奶牛乳房炎发病率为68.7％。奶牛乳汁pH值在7.2以上。牛乳pH值的变化与体细胞和炎性细胞的含量呈显著的正相关,相关系数r=0,387。     

The influence of the width of the saddle tree on the forces and the pressure distribution under the saddle

As there is no statistical evidence that saddle fit influences the load exerted on a horse's back, this study was performed to assess the hypothesis that the width of the tree significantly alters the pressure distribution on the back beneath the saddle. Nineteen sound horses were ridden at walk and trot on a treadmill with three saddles differing only in tree width. Kinetic data were recorded by a sensor mat. A minimum of 14 motion cycles were used in each trial. The saddles were classified into four groups depending on fit. For each horse, the saddle with the lowest overall force (LOF) was determined. Saddles were classified as "too-narrow" if they were one size (2 cm) narrower than the LOF saddle, and "too-wide" if they were one size (2 cm) wider than the LOF saddle. Saddles two sizes wider than LOF saddles were classified as "very-wide". In the group of narrow saddles, the pressure in the caudal third (walk 0.63 N/cm(2)+/-0.10; trot 1.08 N/cm(2)+/-0.26) was significantly higher compared to the LOF saddles (walk 0.50 N/cm(2)+/-0.09; trot 0.86 N/cm(2)+/-0.28). In the middle transversal third, the pressure of the wide saddles (walk 0.73 N/cm(2)+/-0.06; trot 1.52 N/cm(2)+/-0.19) and very-wide saddles (walk 0.77 N/cm(2)+/-0.06; trot 1.57 N/cm(2)+/-0.19) was significantly higher compared to LOF saddles (walk 0.65 N/cm(2)+/-0.10/ 0.63 N/cm(2)+/-0.11; trot 1.33 N/cm(2)+/-0.22/1.27 N/cm(2)+/-0.20). This study demonstrates that the load under poorly fitting saddles is distributed over a smaller area than under properly fitting saddles, leading to potentially harmful pressures peaks.     

Monitoring of the mare during the perinatal period at the clinic and in the stable

Complications in late gestation are challenging problems for the equine clinician and are causes of considerable distress to owners. Health problems in a pregnant mare in each stage of gestation can adversely affect the pregnancy. It is important to obtain a thorough history and perform a detailed and systematic examination of the pregnant mare so that the mare may be classified as normal or high-risk. However, even after a thorough examination, practitioners may face problems with the interpretation and assessment of risk. Normal mares should foal in the stable or pasture. Mares classified as having a high-risk pregnancy need to be monitored precisely for signs of oncoming foaling with attendance of trained personnel when labour begins. A valuable method for monitoring of the high-risk mare is assessing fetoplacental well-being. Fetoplacental well-being is most accurately assessed with ultrasonography as well as several available hormone profiles. We are proposing our scoring system of the mare's health, which may be useful in the assessment of risk during pregnancy and help clinicians to decide whether sending the mare to the clinic is reasonable or unnecessary.     

中国饲料工业协会第五届理事会顾问、会长、常务副会长、副会长、秘书长、副秘书长、常务理事、理事名单

顾问刘中一张德邻宋瑞祥聂振邦张子仪戎易王维四会长白美清国务院原副秘书长、第四届理事会会长常务副会长(8人,以姓氏笔划为序)刘永好新希望集团董事长、第四届理事会副会长刘汉元通威股份有限公司董事长、第四届理事会副会长陈丹广东恒兴集团股份有限公司董事长、第四届理事会副会长张延喜农业部原副部长、第四届理事会副会长吴明夏湖南正虹科技发展股份有限公司董事长、第四届理事会副会长陶一山唐人神集团股份有限公司董事长、第四届理事会副会长温鹏程广东温氏食品集团有限公司董事长、第四届理事会副会长谭竹洲原化学工业部副部长、第…     

鸡胆囊交感节后神经元的定位研究

为了找出支配鸡胆囊交感节后神经元的分布规律,选用体重1.5 kg～2.5 kg的成年母鸡6只,将CT-HRP溶液注入胆囊壁,动物存活3 d～4 d后,经左心室灌流固定,取内脏神经节、肾上腺神经节以及双侧胸、腰和荐段交感干神经节,制成50 μm的连续冰冻切片,TMB法呈色反应,置明视野显微镜下观片统计.结果发现,支配鸡胆囊的交感传出神经元胞体位于内脏神经节(占41.1%)、肾上腺神经节(占40.5%)和T2～T7交感干神经节(占18.4%),在交感干神经节中标记细胞的峰值位于T5、T6交感干神经节.所有的标记细胞以位于右侧的占优势.     

Harnessing the genetic toolbox for the benefit of the racing Thoroughbred

The understanding and application of genetics have grown extremely quickly since it has become possible to sequence the whole genome of an organism. The human genome sequence was completed in 2001 and that of the horse in 2007. The significance of this is that it makes it more feasible to explain how both genetically simple and complex traits are transmitted from one generation to the next and, therefore, to make informed breeding decisions, modify how horses are managed and trained to minimise the risk of disease and injury, and improve methods of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of many conditions. The science of genetics/genomics will continue to grow internationally, limited only by the funds available. The application of the science to man, horses and other species raises very complex moral and commercial issues. Thoroughbred breeders are perceived by some as resistant to change, but their apparent intransigence is often based on a genuine concern for the integrity of the breed. By taking control of the application of the advances in genetics, the Thoroughbred industry potentially has the opportunity to improve both the health and performance of Thoroughbreds. If, however, the science is applied in an uncoordinated manner, driven by commercial interests with no underlying concern for the horses themselves, there is a very real risk that breeders, the Thoroughbred breed and individual horses will all suffer as a consequence.     

商品猪胴体性能对分割销售后效益的影响

试验以深圳某集团销售外三元商品猪为研究对象,分析了商品猪不同胴体性能对分割销售效益的影响.结果表明,销售完成率与胴体背膘厚呈正相关,不同背膘厚的销售完成率差异极显著(P<0.01);销售完成率与胴体重呈正相关,不同胴体重的销售完成率差异显著(P<0.05);销售毛利率与胴体背膘厚呈正相关,不同背膘厚的销售毛利率差异极显...     

陕北白绒山羊繁育中心羊场绒山羊日粮的评价

试验选择陕北白绒山羊繁育中心羊场的成年健康母羊（怀孕前期）16只,育成母羊13只,育成公羊13只,空腹称重。测定每只羊1d的采食量,计算其摄入的营养成分含量,并与原苏联绒用山羊饲养标准比较,进行饲养水平评价。结果显示,与饲养标准比较,陕北白绒山羊繁育中心羊场的育成母羊代谢能高2．68MJ,粗蛋白低59．29g,钙低3．00g,磷低1．52g;育成公羊代谢能高3．47MJ,粗蛋白低81．92g,钙低4．42g,磷低2．62g;成年母羊代谢能高2．51MJ,粗蛋白低91．33g,钙低3．09g,磷低1．93g。结合羊的体况综合评价饲养水平基本合理,但尚需要按饲养标准增加粗蛋白、钙、磷等营养物质的供给量。     

Evidence for the non-involvement of the uterus in the lifespan of the corpus luteum in the cyclic dog

Progesterone levels in peripheral blood of dogs were analysed during the cycle in which hysterectomy (n = 5) or sham surgery (n = 3) was performed as well as during the cycle of dogs (n = 5) hysterectomized at least one year prior to this study; the data were compared with the findings in control dogs (n = 3). The averages of the duration of the luteal period observed in the three experimental groups were not significantly different from those of control dogs. Immediately after surgery, the progesterone level decreased from 25 to 50% of the presurgical level, but returned to presurgical level in about four days. Prolactin levels were elevated for about 30 h after surgery. Nevertheless, the averages of the mean prolactin levels for each animal during the luteal period of the experimental groups were not significantly different from those of control dogs. It is concluded that in the dog, the uterus is not involved in the lifespan of the cyclic corpus luteum.     

犊牛腹泻与肠道菌群的变化

本文检测腹泻犊牛的直肠内8种主要正常菌群的变化,并与健康犊牛进行对比。结果发现,犊牛腹泻时,大肠杆菌、双岐杆菌和乳杆菌变化较大,而其它菌群变化较小。腹泻或将腹泻时,大肠杆菌数增加,双岐杆菌和乳杆菌数下降。腹泻康复或即将康复时,大肠杆菌减少,双岐杆菌、乳杆菌数增加。