毛细管与聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测甜菜SSR位点的比较研究

为了探究毛细管与聚丙烯酰胺电泳方法的适用情况，比较其优缺点。本研究以8个甜菜栽培种资源为材料，选择8个SSR位点，分别使用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳银染检测和毛细管电泳荧光检测每个位点的多态性，并对这两种方法的检测结果进行了比较。毛细管电泳荧光标记法可以准确的知道DNA片段的分子大小；PAGE电泳只能用肉眼与Marker比较估测得出大致分子量，不能得出准确分子量。8对引物两种检测方法的匹配比率分别是75%、87.5%、50%、75%、25%、100%、37.5%、50%。研究结果证明，两种检测平台数据整合存在较大差异。检测结果与引物是否是单拷贝、引物多态性，稳定性等因素有直接关系。测序检验结果表明，样品较少时利用PAGE电泳的方法来检测SSR位点的多态性，既能节省成本又能节省时间，还能保证检测结果的准确性。     

玉米品种SSR标记毛细管电泳荧光检测法与变性PAGE银染检测法的比较研究

以192份玉米品种为材料,用7对SSR引物对毛细管电泳荧光检测和常规的变性PAGE银染检测两种SSR标记检测方法进行比较分析。结果表明,两种方法检测的SSR标记片段大小一致。毛细管电泳荧光检测法检测的结果更为精确、灵敏、高效,更适用于高通量材料的检测分析。对少量材料进行检测分析以及SSR标记的筛选时,使用常规的变性PAGE银染检测法更经济适用。     

应用毛细管电泳技术鉴定杂交稻豪两优729种子纯度

为提高种子纯度检测效率,选用两系杂交稻豪两优729及其亲本自交系63-8S、R729作为试验材料,采用SSR标记结合聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测技术,筛选出适用于鉴定豪两优729种子纯度的特异引物RM336。采用毛细管电泳检测技术鉴定了4个豪两优729分户样的纯度,与田间正季鉴定结果一致。分析比较了聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测技术和毛细管电泳检测技术,综合多方因素,建议在引物筛选阶段选择聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测技术,在大量材料分析检测时,毛细管电泳检测技术的高效率优势不言而喻。     

玉米简易多重SSR-PCR和荧光标记检测技术

玉米是世界重要的粮食和饲料作物,通过深入研究玉米分子育种技术来提高玉米产量显得尤为必要。为了获得快速、高效的玉米DNA分子标记检测技术,本研究以玉米为试验材料,开发出一套简易、快捷的多重SSR-PCR技术和荧光标记检测方法。结果表明:2次SSR-PCR反应和1次毛细管电泳荧光检测,可以鉴定11对二等位基因多态引物,扩增方面与常规PCR反应相比效率提高了5.5倍,基因型检测方面与常规聚丙烯凝胶电泳相比效率提高11倍。利用扩增试剂盒(Mutiplex)的多重PCR扩增方法简单、稳定,取得了比较理想的玉米SSR快速高效的标记检测效果,适于在不同实验室移植。     

玉米品种京科968纯度鉴定引物的确定

为了确定一套京科968玉米品种纯度鉴定的引物组合,本研究从现有的玉米40对SSR引物中根据多态性、等效扩增、染色体分布挑选出15对候选引物。综合考虑多重电泳,对扩增产物片段大小相差10 bp以下的10对引物分别进行非荧光和荧光标记毛细管电泳;对扩增产物片段大小相差10 bp以上的引物跑琼脂糖凝胶电泳。最终根据三种电泳方式确定了相对应的纯度鉴定引物组合。此套纯度鉴定组合适于京科968玉米品种的纯度鉴定。并为其他玉米大品种的纯度鉴定提供了思路、尤其是对主要经营一些玉米大品种的企业尤为适用。     

毛细管电泳在玉米品种真实性鉴定中的应用

为了打击套牌侵权行为,利用毛细管电泳荧光标记检测技术,选用20对SSR核心引物对从辖区门店抽检的6个玉米样品进行真实性鉴定,结果表明:1、2、3、4号样品20个位点均不存在差异,5、6号样品存在1个差异位点,为相似品种,这与所抽检样品不符,进一步确认可提交有资质的机构做进一步检测。说明在没有标准品的情况下,利用毛细管电泳荧光标记检测技术可以初步对抽检样品进行真实性鉴定,初步判断门店销售的种子是否存在套牌侵权的行为。     

SSR 标记荧光毛细管电泳在种子检测中常见问题分析

SSR 分子标记荧光毛细管电泳在农作物种子质量检测中常用于种子真实性检测、种子纯度鉴定和指纹数据库的构建。试验过程中模板 DNA 浓度、特异峰型的统计分析以及仪器设备运行和维护、试验结果与指纹数据库的比对等关键环节都直接影响待测样品的结果判定。就检测中遇到的问题进行分析，并提出相应的解决方法，以期为农作物种子质量检测荧光毛细管电泳技术平台提供参考。     

不同凝胶电泳法鉴定玉米种子纯度的比较分析

本文采用蛋白质凝胶电泳、醋酸尿素聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳与田间种植鉴定方法分别鉴定了１８个玉米种子样品的纯度。结果表明,醋酸尿素聚丙烯酰胺电泳鉴定结果与田间种植鉴定结果的相关关系不显著,而蛋白质凝胶电泳与田间种植鉴定结果显著相关,相关系数达０．７６９,确定了回归方程为ｙ＝０．４７５＋０．５１９ｘ。说明利用蛋白质凝胶电泳法鉴定玉米种子纯度是可靠的。     

新疆野扁桃的TP-M13-SSR荧光标记引物的筛选

为对毛细管荧光电泳检测过程中出现的非特异性峰进行观察,探讨其形态及发生原因,笔者从新疆野扁桃的5个居群中分别挑选2份叶片提取基因组DNA,PCR产物使用毛细管电泳荧光检测。结果表明:在毛细管电泳荧光检测中,共选用4种荧光引物,其中荧光引物FAM峰型最为正常且特异峰清晰,不常发生非特异性峰。与之相反,荧光引物ROX的非特异峰种类数量最多,且特异峰不易辨认。在6种异常情况中,N+1峰出现次数最多,高低峰出现次数最少。荧光引物FAM更适合于新疆野扁桃进行扩增。     

分子标记辅助玉米自交系京24抗南方锈病的改良

近年来,南方锈病对中国玉米生产的危害日益严重。本研究选用齐319为供体亲本,利用分子标记辅助前景选择和背景选择,结合回交转育技术,改良骨干系京24的南方锈病抗性。利用荧光毛细管电泳检测系统,从13对引物中最终筛选出与抗病基因遗传距离较近,扩增稳定、分别位于抗病基因上下游的两对引物Phi118和P2,用于目标性状的前景选择,230个BC1代单株室内分子标记检测结果和海南自然发病情况的比较,验证了前景选择标记的有效性。同时,从100对SSR引物中,筛选出在供受体间具有明显差异的42对引物用于回交群体的背景选择。单色荧光标记引物的多重电泳检测,可显著提高背景选择的效率。     

A rapid method for screening barley for aluminium tolerance

Summary A method for rapid screening of large numbers of barley genotypes for aluminium tolerance is described, and the results of a small scale screening of composite cross CC XXX-C given.     

农业植物品种权申请前的准备

一项能够取得品种权的植物新品种,必须同时具备以下几个条件:属于国家植物新品种保护名录范围;不违反国家法律、妨害公共利益或者破坏生态环境;必须具备新颖性、特异性、一致性和稳定性;应当具备适当的品种名称.另外,品种权是不能自动取得的,即使合乎授权条件的植物新品种,也必须履行<中华人民共和国植物新品种保护条例>(以下简称<条例>)和<中华人民共和国植物新品种保护条例实施细则>(以下简称<实施细则>)所规定的品种权申请程序.为了减少品种权申请的盲目性,节省品种权申请人和植物新品种保护办公室双方的人力、物力和财力,品种权申请人在提出申请以前一定要做好以下准备工作.     

Nitrogen response models for winter cereals grown for forage

Forage double cropping can increase production, reduce erosion risk and improve soil health. Farmer experience in the north‐eastern USA shows that winter cereals can, in 3–4 weeks (Feekes 9 harvest), produce high quality forage given sufficient N at dormancy break. Here, we evaluate crop response models to determine the most economic rate of N (MERN) for forage winter cereals. Sixty‐three on‐farm N‐rate trials (0, 34, 67, 101, 135 kg N/ha) were conducted in New York from 2013 to 2016. Trials were divided into four categories: (a) no yield response to N (group 1; 20 trials); (b) yield plateau exceeded the highest N rate (group 2; one trial); (c) the MERN was below the lowest N rate (group 3; seven trials) and (d) all other N‐responsive trials (group 4; 35 trials). For group 4, three statistical models were compared (quadratic plateau, exponential and square root plateau). Statistical, environmental and economic criteria showed that the quadratic plateau fits the data best and had the most stable predictions across scenarios. The four‐category analysis is effective in determining MERNs of individual trials, and the quadratic plateau is best for determining forage winter cereal MERNs and yields at MERNs for individual trials in the north‐eastern USA.     

Contracting for Migration for the Reason of Zoological Environment

Migration for the reason of zoological environment is the measure for solving the crisis of zoological environment. Nowadays, governments play the chief role in the Migration for the reason of zoological environment, but the migration themselves do not have the freedom to decide whether migrate or not. Because the activity of migration is related to the restraint of economy, culture, law, etc. It is the object of migration that protect the zoological environment and improve the welfare of habitant, which must be concerned when constructing the systems of migration. This paper proves the possibility of contracting for migration based on the methodology of the cost-income analysis. On the other hand, it also argues for changing the mode of migration from that controlled by governments to being decided by habitant themselves.     

Method for screening bread wheat for tolerance to boron

A new method for screening wheat for boron tolerance has been developed to overcome the problems of methods used in the past. Seedlings were grown for 10 days while suspended over B-rich solutions. Their root lengths were then measured as an index of tolerance. Five varieties of wheat were screened at seven concentrations of B. Results were obtained more quickly and easily than from the alternative methodologies and compared favourably. Screening of 128 doubled haploid lines from a cross between Halberd and (Wl*MMC) suggested that transgressive segregation had occurred. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Genotype-environment relationships for repening time in blackberries and prospects for breeding an early ripening cultivar for Scotland

Summary When grown in Scotland, eight blackberry cultivars of diverse origin showed considerable variation in the dates when their first fruits ripened. These dates were determined in part by variation in the date of their first open flower and in part by variation in the number of days required from flowering to ripening. Genotype x environment interactions were important for both components, but especially for the second, where they could be attributed to heterogeneity of regressions against the environmental means. Temperature was considered the important environmental factor determining the number of days required from flowering to repening, and accumulated heat units successfully quantified the differences between cultivars for this component: cultivars required similar numbers of heat units in each season and there were no interaction effects. Heat units were not useful for study of flowering dates, however.The implications for breeding early ripening cultivars for Scotland are discussed.     

A General Method for the Initial Values for Two-Sided Iteration

In the study on finding a group of inital values for solving operator equation x=G(x)by the two-sided iterative method,some stronger conditions forG(x)have been demandedand some new parameters have to be introduced since 1978,But,as it will be proved in this paper,Itis unnecessary to use any new parameters and other stronger conditions to get a group of initial val-ues of two-sided iterative, as those initial values can be obtained by means of an auxiliary iterativebeginning with operator G(x)itself. The numerical example in this paper illustraves that the methodproposed in this paper is a general method.     

A Composite Index for Statistical Inference for Ranking Metropolitan Areas

ABSTRACT The construction of a composite index is described to rank U.S. metropolitan areas for educational attainment. The suggested methodology departs from traditional rank sum methods in that this approach utilizes data resulting in a continuous scale, whereas in the rank sum method, no use is made of the actual values of the data, but merely their rankings. The proposed index circumvents several practical problems because the numbers generated are metric measures allowing the use of arithmetic and statistical operations. Data used are pupil/teacher ratio, an effort index, and academic options in higher education. Comparisons are made across areas by population size and by geographic region.     

玉米制种缺素症（营养障碍）的防治

1　症状1.1　缺氮 :幼苗矮化 ,瘦弱 ,叶丛黄绿。生长株从叶尖开始变黄 ,沿叶片中脉发展 ,叶片上形成一个“V”形黄化部分 ,致全株黄化 ,后下部叶尖枯死且边缘呈黄绿色。缺氮严重或关键期缺氮 ,果穗小 ,顶部籽粒不充实 ,蛋白质含量低。1.2　缺磷 :嫩株敏感 ,植株矮化 ,叶尖、叶缘失绿呈紫红色 ,后叶端枯死或变成暗紫褐色。根系发达 ,雌穗受粉受阻 ,籽粒不充实 ,果穗少或歪曲。1.3　缺钾 :下部叶片的叶尖、叶缘呈黄色或似火红焦枯 ,后期植株易倒状 ,果穗小 ,顶部发育不良。1.4　缺钙 :植株矮 ,新叶生长受阻 ,新叶尖端几乎完全失绿 ,分泌透明…