Pesticides group symposium recent developments in controlled release formulations for pest control

The following are summaries of papers presented at a meeting of the PEsticides Group, held on 29 November 1983 at the Society of Chemical Industry, 14 Belgrave Square, London SW1X 8PS. The papers so presented are entirely the responsibility of the authors and do not reflect the views of the Editorial Board of Pesticide Sciences.     

Pesticides group symposium aromatic ether herbicides

The following are summaries of papers presented at a meeting of the Pesticides Group on 13 March 1984 at the Society of Chemical Industry, 14 Belgrave Square, London SW1X 8PS. The papers so presented are entirely the responsibility of the authors and do not reflect the views of the Editorial Board of Pesticide Science.     

Extended summaries: Physicochemical and biophysical panel symposium enhancing pesticide action through mixtures

The following are summaries of papers presented at a meeting of the Physicochemical and Biophysical Panel of the Pesticides Group held on 14 October 1986 at the Society of Chemical Industry, 14 Belgrave Square, London SWIX8PS. The papers published here are entirely the responsibility of the authors and do not reflect the views of the Editorial Board of Pesticide Science.     

Extended summaries pesticide group symposium ligand/receptor interaction & pesticide development

The following are extended abstracts of papers presented at a meeting of the Pesticides Group held on 1 March 1989 at the Society of Chemical Industry, 14 Belgrave Square, London SWIX 8PS. The papers published here are entirely the responsibility of the authors and do not reflect the views of the Editorial Board of Pesticide Science.     

Extended summaries sci pesticides group symposium management of Bemisia tabaci

The following are extended summaries based on papers presented at a meeting of the Physicochemical and Biophysical Panel of the SCI Pesticides Group, held on 25 January 1994 at the SCI, 14/15 Belgrave Square, London SWIX 8PS, UK. The summaries published here are entirely the responsibility of the authors and do not reflect the views of the Editorial Board of Pesticide Science.     

Extended summaries SCI pesticides group symposium postgraduate research on ligand—receptor interactions in invertebrates

The following are extended summaries based on papers presented at a meeting of the Physicochemical and Biophysical Panel of the SCI Pesticides Group, held on 24 March 1992 at the SCI, 14/15 Belgrave Square, London, UK, SW1X 8PS. The summaries published here are entirely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Editorial Board of Pesticide Science.     

基于文献计量学核盘菌研究现状及趋势分析

核盘菌是当今世界上最难防治的农业植物病原真菌之一,对植物生产危害极大,核盘菌的致病性研究备受国内外专家、学者的关注。本文运用文献计量学方法,统计2002-2017年间SCIE数据库收录的相关核盘菌研究文献1 972篇,通过对论文产出数量和被引次数进行数据分析,综合考量论文的学术影响力,全面反映目前世界核盘菌研究现状及发展态势。核盘菌研究领域科研论文数量呈上升趋势,美国、中国、加拿大是核盘菌研究领域的主要发文国家。Plant Disease和European Journal of Plant Pathology是核盘菌研究领域发文的主要刊源,我国核盘菌相关研究文献数量近年来增长迅速,华中农业大学、中国农业科学院、南京农业大学等是我国核盘菌研究领域科研实力较强的机构。把握时机,加强科研国际合作与交流,增加论文的学术影响力是我国今后的发展方向。     

昆虫隐存种的鉴定方法及其在有害生物防控与物种保护中的应用

昆虫中存在很多外部形态高度相似但具生殖隔离的隐存种,这给物种分类和相关研究带来更多挑战。目前,关于昆虫隐存种的研究日益受到关注。该文基于筛选出的368篇中文文献对昆虫隐存种的鉴定方法及其潜在研究价值和应用领域进行系统总结,发现自2003年DNA条形码技术提出以来,关于昆虫隐存种分类的研究迅速增加,已有鉴定方法可概括为4类,分别为分子分类（298篇,80.98%）、生态分类（191篇,51.90%）、生化分类（4篇,1.09%）和细胞分类（4篇,1.09%）。基于单一分类方法的研究最多（241篇,65.49%）,其中分子分类的使用最多（172篇,46.74%）,其次是生态分类（64篇,17.39%）;基于2种分类方法的研究次之（125篇,33.97%）,其中分子分类与生态分类的联合使用最多（124篇,33.70%）;采取3种及以上分类方法的研究较少（2篇,0.54%）。目前,昆虫隐存种鉴定研究主要应用于农业病虫害防治（262篇,71.20%）、物种多样性评估（74篇,20.11%）、疾病防控（27篇,7.34%）和生境保护（6篇,1.63%）等领域。开展昆虫隐存种的研究有利于促进有害生物防控和物种保护,建议未来将整合分类学评估体系纳入到昆虫隐存种研究中并在分类实践中探讨隐存种演化机制。     

Extended summaries pesticides group symposium natural products as a source for new agricultural chemicals

The following are extended abstracts of six of the papers presented at the above meeting and, as so presented, they are entirely the responsibility of the authors and do not reflect the views of the Editorial Board of Pesticide Science.     

Extended summaries sci pesticides group symposium third international symposium on adjuvants for agrochemicals. Structure and chemistry of plant cuticles

The following are extended summaries based on papers presented at a meeting of the Physicochemical and Biophysical Panel of the SCI Pesticides Group, held on 3-7 August 1992 at Churchill College, Cambridge University. Cambridge, UK. The summaries published here are entirely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Editorial Board of Pesticide Science.     

Extended summaries SCI pesticides group symposium current themes in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals: Principles and differences. Accumulation and elimination of herbicides in selected crop and weed species

The following are extended summaries based on papers presented at the above symposium, which was organised by A. H. Cobb and R. C. Kirkwood on behalf of the Physicochemical and Biophysical Panel of the SCI Pesticides Group and the Strathclyde Institute for Drug Research, respectively and held at the SCI, 14/15 Belgrave Square, London on 7 December, 1993.     

A systematic review of the literature reveals trends and gaps in integrated pest management studies conducted in the United States

Integrated pest management (IPM) is a broad‐based approach for addressing pests that negatively affect human and environmental health and economic profitability. Weeds, insects and disease‐causing pathogens (diseases) are the pests most often associated with IPM. A systematic review, widely used in other scientific disciplines, was employed to determine the most commonly studied IPM topics and summarize the reasons for these trends and the gaps. In a field synopsis of the literature, 1679 relevant published papers were identified and categorized into one of the following five broad areas: IPM and organic (organic), climate change and pests (climate), rural and urban IPM (rural and urban), next‐generation education (education) and advanced production systems (technology). Papers were examined in greater detail for at least one of the three main pests in a systematic review. A majority (85%) of IPM papers have been in the area of rural and urban IPM, primarily addressing agriculture (78%). Professionals, landowners and the general public were the focus of a majority (95%) of IPM papers on education. Technology is an increasing area of focus in the literature. Over the past 40 years, IPM papers have primarily (75%) addressed insects and been limited mostly to rural and urban settings. Climate change, technology and education specific to pest management studies are increasingly being published and will help broaden the focus that could result in increased adoption and development of IPM. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry     

Surveys of cereal diseases and pests in the Netherlands. 1. Weather and winter wheat cropping during 1974–1986

During 1974–86, systematic annual surveys of diseases and pests in winter wheat were conducted. In a series of papers the occurrence of diseases and pests will be reported in relation to weather and cropping practices. In this paper, an introduction to the series of papers, the weather and the the changing winter wheat cropping practices are described. Grain yields and pesticide use in the surveyed fields are reported.     

苏云金芽孢杆菌晶体毒素感染敏感昆虫离体与活体细胞的病理学比较研究

用苏云金芽孢杆菌蜡螟变种81—6菌株的晶体毒素感染菜青虫幼虫和家蚕离体细胞 感染早期两类细胞的线粒体都发生内脊膨大鼓起,随后细胞质内出现较大的空泡,感染后期线粒体膜和细胞质膜都发生溶解和破裂,细胞解体死亡。研究结果表明:离体细胞和活体细胞在感染苏云金芽孢杆菌晶体毒素后,细胞的病变过程相同。     

Extremwetterlagen und Auswirkungen auf Schaderreger – extreme Wissenslücken

Climate Change is likely to increase the frequency, intensity, spatial extent, duration and timing of weather and climate extremes and can result in unprecedented extremes. Managed systems like agriculture are not immune to them. Studying the rapidly growing body of climate change literature it has been noted that there are only a few papers concerning the influences of extreme weather on agriculture. Projections of future impacts of extreme weather cannot always be made with a high level of confidence. Pests (weeds, insect pests and plant pathogens) represent a major constraint to crop production. The present paper analyses scientific literature published since 1945 concerning the knowledge about the influences of extreme weather on incidence of pests in wheat, barley, maize, beet, potato, rape, forage crops and grassland. Only 63 papers were found. Insect pests and plant pathogenic fungi of maize and wheat are most investigated. The most papers describe the influences of drought, dryness heat and heavy down pours. There are enormously knowledge gaps. On the basis of this it is not possible to assess the influences of weather extremes in a changing climate on pests and yield loss current. More research in this field is needed urgently.     

Extremwetterlagen und Schaderreger – extreme Wissenslücken

Here we reviewed the possible impacts of weather extremes on pests (weeds, insect pests and plant pathogens) of wine, hope, apple and asparagus by analyzing scientific literature published since 1945, concerning the knowledge about the influences of extreme weather on incidence of these pests. A weather extreme event is generally defined as the occurrence of a value of a weather variable above or below a threshold value near the upper or lower tails of the range of observed values of the variable (IPCC). Although there are still many open scientific questions, climate change will likely lead to increase the frequency, intensity, spatial extent, duration and timing of weather and climate extremes and can result in unprecedented extremes. After considering all the results of derivative analysis, we concluded that the knowledge gap is enormously. Only 13 papers were found. These few papers concerning the influence of storm, hail, flooding, dryness or heavy down pours on the pests of apple (10 papers), asparagus (2 papers) or wine (1 paper). Thus projections of future impacts of extreme weather on plant pests and yields cannot be made with a high level of confidence. More research to get more primary results and data is needed urgently.     

Recent advances in the chemistry of the pyrethroids. Forword

The sequences of compounds, leading from the natural pyrethrins to the present established pyrethroids, are described so as to provide a background for considering the more recent advances discussed in succeeding papers.     

2009—2011年《干旱地区农业研究》文献计量分析

以2009—2011年《干旱地区农业研究》所刊载的学术论文为研究对象,运用文献计量学的方法,从载文、作者及引文等几个方面对该刊进行了统计分析,从中总结了刊物发展的特点和规律,以为该刊的编辑和科研人员进行信息交流提供参考。     

几种人工饲料及繁殖技术对大草蛉生长发育的影响

在实验室条件下,研究了啤酒酵母干粉等4种饲料对大草蛉各虫态发育历期、存活率和成虫繁殖力等的影响。结果表明:不同供试饲料对大草蛉的各发育阶段的影响存在差异。啤酒酵母干粉和柞蚕蛹冻干粉2种人工饲料饲喂时,幼虫在一龄期间便死亡;人工卵赤眼蜂蛹和米蛾卵2种代饲料可以使大草蛉完成整个世代,两者之间在幼虫、蛹发育历期上无明显差异,但均显著长于用蚜虫饲养的草蛉;用米蛾卵饲养的草蛉成虫没有产卵能力。供试饲料饲喂的大草蛉,各虫态的主要生命特征及生殖能力与对照相比明显降低。采用红、黄、绿、紫红、白、粉红6种颜色的衬纸,以蚜虫或啤酒酵母干粉为饲料。研究大草蛉产卵与基质颜色的关系,并采用纸条、钢丝、铝条作隔离物,对大草蛉自残阻隔进行了研究。试验表明:基质颜色对大草蛉产卵前期、总产卵量无明显影响,但大草蛉在紫红色、红色衬纸上产卵量比例比其它颜色基质高。纸条、钢丝、铝条3种隔离物中,纸条的隔离效果最好。     

An introduction to the principles of neurophysiology

Several of the research papers in this Symposium will refer to physiological processes with which most non-biologist readers are unfamiliar. The aim of this introductory paper, therefore, is to give those people a broad introduction to the basic principles of nerve and muscle physiology.