皱纹盘鲍酶促溶性胶原蛋白的性质研究及抗体制备

针对加工副产物鲍鱼外套膜利用率低的现象,对鲍鱼腹足和外套膜胶原蛋白相关性质进行比较研究,以期为鲍鱼的综合加工提供一定的理论依据。本研究以皱纹盘鲍为原料分别提取得到腹足酶促溶性胶原蛋白(pepsin-soluble collagen of abalone adductor,PSC1)和外套膜酶促溶性胶原蛋白(pepsin-soluble collagen of abalone mantle,PSC2),对PSC1和PSC2相关特性进行比较分析,并利用PSC1制备得到兔抗鲍鱼胶原蛋白多克隆抗体。SDS-PAGE显示,PSC1和PSC2分子组成均为(α1)3,且α1的分子量为140 ku,与水产无脊椎动物Ⅰ型胶原蛋白特征相似。对PSC1进行肽指纹图谱分析,获得6个肽段、含75个氨基酸残基,与盘鲍螺的胶原蛋白前肽α链和欧洲鲍螺的纤维状胶原一致性分别达100%和88%,证明纯化的PSC1为胶原蛋白。氨基酸组成分析表明,PSC1和PSC2的组成基本一致,但脯氨酸和羟脯氨酸含量均低于牛酸溶性胶原蛋白。圆二色谱分析结果显示,PSC1和PSC2溶液均在220和197 nm分别有一正、负峰,具有典型胶原蛋白三股螺旋结构特征。FTIR光谱分析结果提示PSC1和PSC2具有相似的三螺旋结构。利用兔抗皱纹盘鲍PSC1多克隆抗体对皱纹盘鲍、尼罗罗非鱼、鲤和仿刺参胶原蛋白进行免疫印迹分析发现,该抗体只与皱纹盘鲍PSC1和PSC2的α、β和γ链产生反应,表明该抗体具有良好的特异性。     

草鱼鱼鳞胶原蛋白的提取及其部分生物学性能

以草鱼鱼鳞为原料, 分别提取鱼鳞中的酸溶性胶原蛋白(ASC)和酶溶性胶原蛋白(PSC), 着重开展了其包括热稳定性、体外酶降解性以及胶原海绵材料特性在内的相关研究, 并与哺乳动物来源的猪皮胶原(PC)相比较。实验结果表明, 制备所得的3种胶原蛋白均为典型的Ⅰ型胶原并具有完整的三螺旋结构; PC的热变性温度(41.6 ℃)明显高于ASC(34.8 ℃)和PSC(35.2 ℃); 3种胶原蛋白的体外酶降解性能受水解酶的种类、胶原蛋白提取方法、胶原蛋白来源、胶原蛋白受热历史以及蛋白的自组装程度影响。胶原蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶和木瓜蛋白酶对淡水鱼胶原均具有不同程度的降解能力, 但胶原蛋白酶的降解能力最强; 相同条件下, 3种胶原蛋白体外酶降解率依次为ASC>PSC>PC; 经热变性处理后胶原蛋白的体外酶降解率明显提高而经体外自组装处理后其体外酶降解率均出现不同程度的降低; 3种胶原样品冻干后得到的胶原海绵材料具有不同的机械性能和组织结构, ASC和PSC海绵是一种多孔但拉伸承受力较弱的海绵材料, 而PC则与之相反。     

草鱼鱼鳞酶溶性胶原蛋白的提取及基本特性

利用胃蛋白酶从草鱼鱼鳞中提取酶溶性胶原蛋白(PSC)。并用氨基酸自动分析仪、SDS-PAGE电泳、DSC、FT-IR和圆二色谱对草鱼鱼鳞胶原蛋白的氨基酸组成、相对分子量、变性温度和结构进行了研究。试验结果表明:所提草鱼鱼鳞蛋白为典型的I型胶原蛋白;且至少含有2条α链,α1和α2链;DSC分析表明其变性温度为37.1℃。     

鲢鱼鳞片胶原蛋白的提取

利用酸和酶提取法,从淡水鲢鱼鳞片中提取酸溶性和酶溶性胶原蛋白.经紫外光谱分析显示,所提取的胶原蛋白与I型胶原蛋白标准品接近.氨基酸组成分析表明,ASC和PSC是典型的Ⅰ型胶原蛋白.     

鲢鱼鳞片胶原蛋白的提取

利用酸和酶提取法,从淡水鲢鱼鳞片中提取酸溶性和酶溶性胶原蛋白.经紫外光谱分析显示,所提取的胶原蛋白与I型胶原蛋白标准品接近.氨基酸组成分析表明,ASC和PSC是典型的Ⅰ型胶原蛋白.     

鱼鳞综合加工流水线在上海青浦投产

最近，鱼鳞综合加工流水线在上海青浦投产，每月可加工40-50t的鱼鳞废弃物，生产出胶原蛋白、明胶、动物饲料等一系列高附加值产品。据报道，1t鱼鳞产生经济效益近2．5万元。第一步工艺首先将鱼鳞分离成蛋白质和钙，蛋白质要提取胶原蛋白，加工成胶原蛋白多肽产品或明胶。胶原蛋白多肽呈粉末状，可用作化妆品原料，对皮肤、头发有保护作用，也可作食品添加剂。1t鱼鳞可提取25％的胶原蛋白多肽产品或明胶，销售额超过2万元。     

酶法提取4种淡水鱼鱼鳞胶原蛋白的研究

对4种常见淡水鱼鱼鳞的基本成分和氨基酸组成进行了测定,研究了酶解鱼鳞制备水解胶原蛋白的工艺,并采取正交试验对水解条件进行了优化。试验结果表明,淡水鱼鳞主要由蛋白质和灰分组成,粗蛋白含量高达55%以上;氨基酸组成显示淡水鱼鳞羟脯氨酸含量丰富,是制备水解胶原蛋白的良好原料。正交试验结果表明,55℃、E/S3%、酶解2h、料液比1∶10(即底物质量浓度为100g/L)时水解效果最好,此时,水解产物分子量较小,且分布集中。     

鱼鳞胶原的制备与开发应用前景

鱼鳞作为水产废弃物的主要组成部分,若不加以利用,会对环境造成污染,同时也造成水产资源的重大浪费。文章综合了各方面的信息及实践经验,提出鱼鳞胶原的三种利用方式,即利用鱼鳞加工生产鱼鳞明胶、鱼鳞胶原蛋白粉和生物医用材料用途的鱼鳞胶原蛋白,并简要介绍了三种胶原的制备方法及应用领域。     

鱼鳞胶原蛋白的研究进展和应用前景

简述了鱼鳞的结构特点,结合鱼鳞胶原蛋白研发的相关背景和现状,列举了鱼鳞胶原蛋白的多种提取方法及其在医药、食品、化工等行业中的应用.     

水产胶原蛋白的功效及其发展趋势

<正>2011年中国鱼类总产量3304万吨,其中鱼皮、鱼骨等加工废弃物达40%,鱼皮、鱼骨和鱼鳞中富含胶原蛋白,其中鱼皮胶原蛋白含量达80%、鱼鳞胶原蛋白含量超过20%,鱼鳞胶、鱼皮胶可起到龟板胶、阿胶等同样滋阴止血的功效。胶原蛋白是脊椎动物体内含量最丰富的蛋白质,由3条左手螺旋链相互缠绕成的右手螺旋结构,是细     

多棘海盘车体壁胶原蛋白的研究

采用两种不同的方法从海盘车体壁中提取出酸溶性胶原蛋白（ＡＳＣ）和胃蛋白酶促溶的胶原蛋白（ＰＳＣ）,得率分别为１０．９０％、６１．４３％。将ＡＳＣ、ＰＳＣ的氨基酸组成、理化性质与脊椎动物及其它无脊椎动物胶原蛋白进行比较,结果表明,ＡＳＣ、ＰＳＣ是典型的胶原蛋白。在此基础上对ＡＳＣ、ＰＳＣ进行了ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ电泳,进一步表明制品的纯度较高,并且它们在分子大小、构型及性质上没有显著差异。     

Characteristics and Select Functional Properties of Collagen from Golden Pompano (Trachinotus ovatus) Skins

Acid-solubilized collagen (ASC) and pepsin-solubilized collagen (PSC) from golden pompano skins were extracted and characterized. The molecular weight of ASC was about 130 kDa for α₁ and 115 kDa for α₂, which were slightly higher than those of PSC. Similar amino acid composition and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra were observed in both collagens, but slight differences were found in the peptide maps of collagen digested by V8 protease and trypsin. The denaturation temperatures (Tds) of ASC and PSC calculated from the reduced viscosity were 31.8 and 30.0°C, while the transition temperature (T_m) of ASC and PSC analyzed by DSC were 33.0 and 32.0°C, respectively. ASC has a lag phase, a growth phase, and a plateau phase in the turbidity–time curve, while PSC does not have similar phenomenon. It was found that the fibril gel of ASC could be formed at 25°C, leading to improved thermal stability.     

Isolation and characterization of collagens from the skin of giant grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus)

ABSTRACT

Acid-solubilized collagen (ASC) and pepsin-solubilized collagen (PSC) were extracted from the skin of giant groupers (Epinephelus lanceolatus) with yields of 39.51 and 19.12%, respectively. ASC and PSC consisted of two different α chains (α1 and α2) and were characterized to be type I collagen with no disulfide bond. The imino acid contents of the ASC and PSC from giant grouper skin were 189 and 181 per 1,000 residues, respectively. The maximum endothermic temperatures (T_max) of ASC and PSC measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were 31.71 and 31.33°C, respectively. The denaturation temperatures of ASC and PSC measured by viscometry were 29.84 and 29.05°C, respectively. The maximum solubility in 0.5 M acetic acid was observed at pH 5 and pH 6 for ASC and PSC, respectively. A sharp decrease in solubility was observed for both ASC and PSC in the presence of NaCl above 3% (w/v).     

Characteristics of Collagen from Rohu (Labeo rohita) Skin

Acid soluble collagen (ASC) and pepsin soluble collagen (PSC) were isolated from rohu skin with the yield of 64.2 and 6.8% (dry weight basis), respectively. Both collagens had glycine as the major amino acid with imino acid content of 196–202 residues/1,000 residues and were characterized as type I collagen with molecular composition of (α1)₂α2-heterotrimer. Fourier transform infrared spectra of both collagens were similar, with no shift in wavenumber of all amide bands. The T_max value of ASC and PSC was 36.40 and 35.48°C, respectively. The zero surface net charge of ASC and PSC was found at pH 5.9 and 5.3, respectively.     

鱼鳞胶原蛋白研究

采用酸性和酶提取法从鱼鳞中提取酸溶性和酶促溶性Ⅰ型胶原蛋白,经ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ电泳显示,所提取的胶原蛋白电泳区带与Ⅰ型标准品相同。氨基酸分析表明,ＡＳＣ和ＰＳＣ是典型的胶原蛋白,热稳定性测定ＡＳＣ的Ｔｄ为３２．３℃,ＰＳＣ的Ｔｄ为２７．８℃。     

Pyridinoline concentrations in muscular and skin collagen of fish and relationship between collagen solubility and pyridinoline concentration in fish muscular collagen

Pyridinoline (Pyr), one of the mature crosslinks of collagen, was determined in muscular collagen of three species of fish. The amounts of muscular Pyr in red sea bream, yellowtail, and tiger puffer were 3.4, 8.8, and 50.3 mmol/mol collagen, respectively, indicating that the Pyr concentration in muscular collagen differs greatly among fish species. The Pyr concentration in tiger puffer muscular collagen was the greatest, but it was only one-fourth that in rabbit muscle. As in mammalian skin collagen, Pyr was not detected in skin collagen of red sea bream and yellowtail. However, tiger puffer skin contained Pyr (3.75 mmol/mol collagen). The presence of Pyr would have a relationship to some features of tiger puffer skin, such as mechanical strength and thickness. Pyr concentrations in acid-soluble collagen (ASC), pepsin-solubilized collagen (PSC), and insoluble collagen (ISC) in muscles of three species of fish were determined. Pyr was found in ISC > PSC > ASC, from the highest to the lowest concentration, and the concentration in ISC was 45–200 times that in ASC. Therefore, Pyr crosslinks that are formed between collagen molecules would have a close relationship to collagen solubility.     

Isolation and Characterization of Pepsin-Soluble Collagen from the Skin of Peru Squid (Dosidicus gigas)

Pepsin-soluble collagen (PSC) was isolated from Peru squid (Dosidicus gigas) skin and physicochemical properties of the PSC were determined. The PSC exhibited a maximum absorbance at 220 nm. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis suggested the collagen containing α1 and α2 chain was classified as type I collagen. Amino acid composition indicated that the collagen had lower amino acid content than that of mammalian collagen. Denaturation temperature (T_d) of the PSC was 26.8°C. The PSC had relatively high solubility in alkaline condition or NaCl concentrations below 2%. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy investigations showed the existence of helical arrangements of collagen. The lyophilized collagen had a uniform and regular network structure. These results suggested that Peru squid skin was a potential source of collagen for further research and application.     

Characterization of Acid-Soluble Collagen From Bone of Pacific Cod (Gadus macrocephalus)

Acid-soluble collagen (ASC) was isolated from Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) bone. The ASC was rich in glycine. The amount of imino acid was lower than that of calf skin collagen, as was the transition temperature (48.6°C). Electrophoresis revealed two different α chains (α₁ and α₂), β-component, and γ-component. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy measurement showed that ASC was in triple-helix structure. ASC had a solubility greater than 90% in a very acidic pH range (pH 1–4), and the solubility decreased with increasing NaCl concentrations up to 3%. Lyophilized ASC had a network ultrastructure with lace-like fibers, similar to calf skin collagen sponge.     

Extraction and Characterization of Pepsin Soluble Collagen from the Body Wall of Sea Cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta

Sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta is a potential alternative collagen source. However, the high levels of heavy metals contained in the body wall restricts its utilization. In this work, an efficient method was established to remove the heavy metals accumulated in the body wall of A.leucoprocta by demineralizing with 0.2 M ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The resulting body wall of A.leucoprocta was then used for extracting pepsin-soluble collagen (PSC) with pepsin proteolysis. The PSC from the body wall of A.leucoprocta was obtained with a yield of 43.99 ± 0.65% (dry weight) and high purity. Maximum and minimum solubility for the isolated PSC in 0.5 M acetic acid was observed at pH 2.66 and 4.43, respectively. The solubility was remarkably decreased in the presence of NaCl. The denaturation temperature of PSC rehydrated in 0.5 M acetic acid was measured as 25.4°C. The PSC was characterized as type I collagen, which consists of three α₁ chains without α₂ chain. Interestingly, α₁ chain in PSC showed two isoforms with the pI values of 4.02 and 4.29. The heavy metals existing in PSC were all below the contaminant limit of edible gelatin. The PSC isolated from the body wall could be an alternative to mammalian collagens.