Effect of dietary fibre on reproductive performance of sows during the first two parities

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary fibre on reproductive performance during the first two parities. Gilts were randomly allocated to receive three fibrous diets from days 1-90 of gestation, including low fibre [low fiber (LF), 10.8% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), n=132], middle fibre [middle fiber (MF), 15.8% NDF, n=132] and high fibre diet (HF, 20.8% NDF, n=135), until completion of the second parity. Response criteria included backfat measurements, litter size and pig weight at parturition and day 22 of lactation, weaning-oestrus-interval, oestrus rate, sow farrowing and culling rate, uniformity of newborns and relative organ weights. The results showed sows fed LF diet in parity 1 gained more backfat (p<0.05) during gestation but lost more (p<0.05) during lactation than sows fed HF diet. Furthermore, sows fed LF diet farrowed more pigs (+0.7-1.1 pigs, p<0.05) and pigs born alive (+1.0 pigs, p<0.05) relative to sows fed HF diet. Likewise, sows fed LF and MF diets had greater litter weights at parturition (both p=0.06) and day 22 after lactation (both p<0.05). In parity 2, yet, it was MF diet to increase both total pigs born and pigs born alive (+0.9-1.1 pigs, p<0.05) and litter weight (p=0.05) relative to other diets. After 22 d of lactation, intriguingly, sows fed HF diet had most pigs alive (p<0.01-0.07) and heavier litter weight (p=0.07 or 0.2). Feeding HF diet also increased internal organs weight of newborns (p<0.05). Collectively, feeding LF and MF diets had beneficial effects on litter weight at parturition and day 22 of lactation in parity 1, and feeding MF diet until parity 2 was able to improve litter size and weight at parturition, but this positive effect disappeared after 22 days of lactation, instead feeding HF diet showed the optimal litter performance.     

Reproductive performance in gilts through their first two parities

Fertility data were collected for 766 gilts from 12 breeding and commercial herds. The age at first breeding was 244.5 days and at first farrowing 363.2 days. The litter size was 9.91 piglets born (9.16 live). The farrowing rate at the first service was 87.8%. The total farrowing rate was 95.5% of the mated gilts and 88.4% of all the gilts. 9.8% were repeat breeders. 2.6% of the once mated gilts never returned to oestrus and still did not farrow. The culling rate was 11.6%. The major reason for culling was delayed puberty/anoestrus (7.7%). Of the 565 gilts having a first litter 85.3% were mated after weaning. The age at second farrowing was 541.7 days. The litter size was 10.9 piglets born (10.3 live). The farrowing rate after first service was 83.0%. The total farrowing rate of the 482 sows was 92.9% and of the 565 weaned sows 79.3%. 12.2% were repeat breeders. 4.8% of the sows once mated never returned to oestrus and still did not farrow. The culling rate was 20.7%. Culling because of anoestrus was 4.4%. The month of birth significantly influenced the number of gilts culled because of anoestrus, the age at first breeding and at first and second farrowing. The season also influenced the interval from weaning to service, the percentage of sows served within 7 days of weaning and culled because of anoestrus. No correlation between a high ultrasonic index and lowered fertility was found. The age at first breeding was 1.12 days younger per unit higher ultra-sonic index.     

Effect of dietary biotin supplementation on sow reproductive performance and soundness and pig growth and mortality

A 3-yr study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary biotin supplementation on the reproductive performance of 90 sows and gilts, and on the pre-weaning growth and mortality of 223 litters. Corn-soybean meal-based diets supplemented with either 0 or 440 micrograms/kg d-biotin were fed to sows throughout their reproductive cycle. Biotin supplementation had no beneficial effect (P greater than .10) on 107-d sow weight, sow weight at weaning, weaning to estrus interval, foot lesion score, hair loss score, structural soundness score, number of pigs born, number and percentage of pigs born alive or number and percentage of pigs alive at 21 d of age. Biotin supplementation had no effect (P greater than .10) on pig growth or mortality to 21 d of age. These data do not support the concept that biotin supplementation of sow diets is needed.     

胎次、配种季节对大约克母猪繁殖性能的影响

为研究胎次、配种季节对大约克母猪繁殖性能的影响,运用SPSS 16.0软件对753窝大约克纯种母猪的产仔数、出生窝重和断奶窝重等进行比较分析。结果表明：产总仔数第8胎最高（15.25头）,与第1胎差异显著（P＜0.05）,总的呈现随胎次增加而上升的趋势。大约克母猪春季和冬季配种产总仔数与秋季差异显著（P＜0.05）;冬季配种母猪的出生窝重、断奶均重、断奶窝重均高于其他三季。     

日粮添加甘露聚糖对商品化生产系统中母猪和仔猪生产性能的影响

本试验的目的旨在评价日粮中添加甘露聚糖(Mannan oligosaccharides,MOS)对商品化生产系统中母猪和仔猪生产性能的影响.试验所用的甘露聚糖-奥奇素(Bio-Mos)由美国奥特奇生物技术公司提供.母猪(处理组509头,对照组517头)为PIC猪种,平均胎次3.26胎,试验初体重264kg,产仔前3周开始在妊娠母猪饲料中添加甘露聚糖(奥奇素,添加量0.2%),哺乳期21天中,哺乳母猪饲料中添加奥奇素0.1%.分析饲料中的霉菌毒素,饲料中的黄曲霉毒素、T-2毒素、伏马菌素、DON(去氧瓜萎镰菌醇)和赭曲霉毒素含量很低,饲料间的霉菌毒素含量相近.母猪在妊娠第112天进入产房时和断奶时进行称重,仔猪在产后大约30 h时和断奶时进行称重.日粮中添加奥奇素不会降低母猪的体重,不会影响产活仔数,不会造成死胎(p＜0.05).添加奥奇素有利于提高产仔窝重,提高断奶重.添加奥奇素的处理组,猪增重为4.11kg,而对照组为3.79 kg.采食添加奥奇素日粮的母猪,所产仔猪断奶前的死亡率降低(处理组母猪与对照组母猪相比,9.09%对11.27%,p＜0.01).添加奥奇素后,母猪哺乳前初乳样品(处理组48个样品,对照组42个样品)中免疫球蛋白IgA,IgG和IgM的浓度提高.IgG对添加奥奇素的反应最大(p=0.007,5853对4842 mg/dL),IgM次之(p=0.03,273对241 mg/dL),IgA再次之(p=0.06,1178对1097 mg/dL).另外,母猪采食了添加奥奇素的日粮后,从产仔至发情的天数减短(5.20对7.27天,p＜0.01).母猪初乳中成分的变化有助于解释为什么仔猪生长性能得到提高.试验结果归纳如下,仔猪断奶前死亡率降低伴随着生长性能的改善表明,日粮中添加甘露聚糖有利于提高商品化生产系统中母猪和仔猪的生产性能.     

日粮中添加叶酸和甜菜碱节约蛋氨酸和胆碱的效应对肉仔鸡生理生化和生产性能的影响

试验采用单因子完全随机设计,包括不同甜菜碱和叶酸添加水平组合的12种试验日粮和正常日粮对照。总计832只1日龄健康公肉仔鸡。随机分13组,每组4个重复,每重复16只鸡,采用两阶段饲养方法(0～3周和4～6周)。于3周和6周末采集肝脏、胸肌和血液样品。统计生产性能,并测定血液生化指标和肝脏和胸肌粗蛋白含量。结果表明:①在本实验条件下,4个叶酸添加水平和3个甜菜碱水平组成的12个日粮可节约正常日粮对照组中添加的蛋氨酸和胆碱,对0～3周和4～6周龄肉仔鸡的日增重和耗料增重比没有产生显著影响(P>0.05);②如以3周龄肉仔鸡血清总蛋白、白蛋白、尿素N和肝脏粗蛋白的含量为判定指标,日粮中添加1.5mg/kg或2.25mg/kg叶酸,同时添加300mg/kg、600mg/kg或900mg/kg任一水平的甜菜碱即达到节约部分蛋氨酸和全部胆碱的目的。     

Laying hen performance,egg quality improved and yolk 5-methyltetrahydrofolate content increased by dietary supplementation of folic acid

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of folic acid (FA) on performance, egg quality and yolk 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) content. A total of 384 Hy-line W36 strain hens from 52 to 58 weeks of age were randomly assigned to 4 groups, and each group received one of following dietary treatments: 0, 5, 10 and 15 mg FA/kg diet. A completely randomized design was used. Egg production percentage, egg mass and egg weight were increased significantly (P < 0.05) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) was reduced significantly (P < 0.05) by increasing FA content in diets. No significant differences were detected among treatments on egg quality except for shell thickness. The dietary supplementations of laying hens diets with FA significantly increased yolk 5-MTHF content (P = 0.02). Overall, these data demonstrate that dietary supplementation with FA raised 5-MTHF content of yolk and productivity of egg production in laying hens.     

Effect of soluble and insoluble dietary fiber on embryo survival and sow performance

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of soluble (SF) and insoluble (ISF) dietary fiber during gestation on embryo survival and sow performance. In Exp. 1, 43 gilts were assigned randomly to 1 of 4 experimental diets: a corn-soybean meal control (C; 1.16% SF, 9.98% ISF); a 30% oat bran high in SF (HS; 3.02% SF, 10.06% ISF); a 12% wheat straw diet high in ISF (HIS; 1.08% SF, 18.09% ISF); and a 21% soybean hull diet (HS + HIS; 2.46% SF, 24.55% ISF). Gilts were fed the experimental diets based on their initial BW to meet their daily nutrient requirements. At estrus, gilts were inseminated artificially 3 times using pooled semen. Reproductive tracts were harvested 32 d postmating (range = 28 to 35 d). Statistical analysis of data included the effects of diet with days of gestation as a covariate. There were no differences in ovulation rate among gilts fed the experimental diets (avg. = 14.1). Number of live embryos was less for HIS and HS + HIS gilts compared with C and HS (9.9 and 9.1 vs. 11.9 and 10.6, respectively; P < 0.05). Total embryo survival rate (P < 0.05) was less for gilts fed HS + HIS compared with those fed the C and HS diets. These results suggest that high dietary ISF might decrease the total embryo survival rate without affecting ovulation rate. In Exp. 2, 716 sows were used in 3 concurrent trials. In trial 1, diets included a corn-soybean meal control (C; 0.43% SF, 10.50% ISF; n = 122) or a 31% oat bran diet (HS; 1.93% SF, 8.87% ISF; n = 124). In trial 2, diets included a C (n = 97) or a 13% wheat straw diet (HIS; 1.10% SF, 17.67% ISF; n = 119), and in trial 3 sows were fed a C (n = 123) or a 21% soybean hull diet (HS + HIS; 1.50% SF, 17.77% ISF; n = 131). All diets were offered to sows beginning 2 d postmating. All sows had ad libitum access to a standard lactation diet. Statistical analysis included the effects of diet, parity group, genetic line, and season as well as their interactions. The inclusion of SF and ISF in gestation diets did not affect litter size. Sows fed the HS + HIS diet had a greater ADFI and lost less BW during lactation (P < 0.01) than sows fed C. Under the conditions of this study, feeding gestating sows increased levels of SF and ISF from d 2 after breeding to d 109 of gestation did not increase litter size.     

Folic acid supplementation to diets of gestating-lactating swine over multiple parities

Crossbred gilts (n = 59) were utilized in a three-parity study to evaluate the effects of dietary additions of folic acid for reproducing swine and to ascertain if responses were dependent on the presence of a sulfonamide in the diet. The four dietary treatments were 1) control, a 14% crude protein corn-soybean meal diet with 110 ppm tylosin, 2) diet 1 plus 110 ppm sulfamethazine, 3) diet 1 plus 1 ppm folic acid and 4) diet 2 plus 1 ppm folic acid. Gilts were allotted to dietary treatment based on age, weight and ancestry within 15 d postbreeding and remained on the assigned dietary treatment continuously. Folic acid supplementation of the diet improved (P less than .05) total (11.17 vs 10.23) and live pigs born (10.79 vs 9.86) per litter; however, when litters were weaned at 28 d, the folic acid advantage was not significant (P greater than .20, 9.34 vs 9.03). No dietary effects (P greater than .10) were observed for pig birth weight or weaning weight. Number of breedings required per female farrowed tended (P less than .12) to be less for females fed folic acid-supplemented diets (1.07 vs 1.16). These results demonstrate improved sow performance through an increase in pigs born and possibly an improved conception rate when folic acid is supplemented to cornsoybean meal diets.     

Effect of reduced dietary protein and supplementation with a docosahexaenoic acid product on broiler performance and meat quality

1. Chicken breast meat is a lean meat due to its low content of intramuscular fat (IMF) resulting in an overall lower acceptability by consumers due to a decrease in juiciness, flavour and increased chewiness. Recently, studies performed in pigs suggested the possibility of increasing IMF by decreasing dietary crude protein (CP) content, an effect possibly mediated through an increased lipogenesis.

2. Dietary supplementation with lipids rich in omega 3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA) may modulate an increase in the content of these fatty acids in meat from monogastric animals and, thus, promote the daily intake of n-3 LC-PUFA by humans.

3. LC-PUFA are very susceptible to oxidation, resulting in off-flavours that affect meat quality and consumers’ acceptability.

4. This trial was conducted to assess the effect of reducing dietary CP, from 21% to 17%, on chicken’s meat IMF content and, simultaneously, to evaluate if a complementary supplementation with a proprietary n-3 LC-PUFA source (DHA Gold?) could improve meat quality. These effects were assessed by measuring productive performance and meat quality, oxidative stability, sensory traits and fatty acid profile.

5. A reduction in CP content of broiler diets, from 21% to 17%, balanced for lysine, improved performance while it was not sufficient to increase IMF content in chicken meat. In contrast, DHA Gold? supplementation had a positive impact both in broiler productive parameters and in meat fatty acid profile.

6. In addition, incorporation of 7.4% of DHA Gold? in the diet promoted carcass yield but negatively affected chicken meat acceptability by consumers, due to a decrease of meat oxidative stability.

7. Overall the data suggest that neither a dietary supplementation with DHA Gold? nor a reduction in CP have a direct positive effect in the levels of IMF present in broiler meat.     

Effects of dietary organic and inorganic trace mineral levels on sow reproductive performances and daily mineral intakes over six parities

Dietary trace mineral sources and levels were fed to developing gilts to evaluate their performance responses during the growth phase, but treatments were continued into the reproductive phase in which subsequent reproductive responses were evaluated. In Exp. 1, three groups of gilts (n = 216) were used in a 2 x 2 factorial in a randomized complete block design (6 replicates) with treatment diets initially fed at 30 kg of BW. The first factor was trace mineral source (organic or inorganic), whereas the second factor evaluated dietary levels. The NRC requirement was the first level evaluated, whereas the second level was formulated to average industry standards (IND). Organic trace minerals were mineral proteinates, whereas the inorganic minerals were provided in salt form. The results of Exp. 1 indicated that trace mineral source or level did not affect gilt growth or feed performance responses to 110 kg of BW. Experiment 2 continued with the same females but was a 2 x 3 factorial in a split-plot design using 3 groups of females over a 6-parity period and had a total of 375 farrowings. Factors in Exp. 2 were the same as in Exp. 1, except that 2 additional pens of gilts during their development had been fed the IND level trace mineral levels of both trace mineral sources. At breeding, the gilts from these 2 additional pens were continued on the same trace mineral source and level but fed greater dietary Ca and P levels (IND + Ca:P). Litters were standardized by 3 d postpartum within each farrowing. Sows fed organic trace minerals farrowed more (P < 0.05) total (12.2 vs. 11.3) and live pigs (11.3 vs. 10.6) compared with sows fed inorganic trace minerals. Sows fed the IND + Ca:P level tended to have fewer (P < 0.10) total pigs born for both trace mineral sources. Litter birth weights were heavier (P < 0.05) when sows were fed organic trace minerals, but individual piglet weights were similar. Nursing pig ADG tended to be greater (P < 0.10) when sows were fed organic trace minerals. Other sow reproductive traits (BW, feed intake, and rebreeding interval) were not affected by trace mineral source or level. Daily mineral intake increased by parity but declined when trace mineral intakes were expressed on an amount per kilogram of BW and declined during later lactations. These results suggest that feeding sows organic trace minerals may improve sow reproductive performance, but there were minimal effects on other reproductive measurements.     

Effect of dietary canthaxanthin and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol supplementation on the performance of duck breeders under two different vitamin regimens

Background: Dietary canthaxanthin(CX), 25-hydroxycholecalciferol(25-OH-D3) and vitamins have been widely reported to be involved in productive and reproductive performance of broiler breeders. However, limited information is available for duck breeders. In this study, a total of 1,560 Cherry Valley SM3 duck breeder females and 312 males were used to assess if the addition of CX and 25-OH-D3 could increase the performance of duck breeders under two different dietary vitamin regimens. Four diets were used under a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with 2 kinds of vitamin premixes(REGULAR and HIGH; HIGH premix had higher levels of all vitamins except K3 than REGULAR premix), and with or without the supplementation of the mixture of CX(6 mg/kg) and 25-OH-D3(0.069 mg/kg). The ducks were fed ad libitum with pelleted diets based on corn-soybean meal from 38 to 77 wk of age.Results: HIGH vitamin premix decreased malondialdehyde(MDA) level(P 0.001) of egg yolk, increased hatchability of fertile eggs(P = 0.029), increased hatchability of total eggs(P = 0.029), and decreased serum protein carbonyl level(P = 0.037) of breeder males. The mixture of CX and 25-OH-D3 increased serum calcium of breeder females(P = 0.010), decreased the cracked egg rate(P = 0.001), increased the pigmentation of egg yolk(P 0.001)and male bill(P 0.001), and decreased MDA level of egg yolk(P 0.001) and male serum(P = 0.034). Interactive effects were observed in cracked egg rate(P = 0.038), shell thickness(P = 0.011) and serum phosphorus(P = 0.026)of breeder females. HIGH vitamin premix together with the mixture of CX and 25-OH-D3 decreased cracked egg rate and increased shell thickness of duck breeders. Serum phosphorus was decreased in duck breeder females fed REGULAR vitamin premix without the addition of the CX and 25-OH-D3 mixture.Conclusions: Dietary HIGH vitamin premix increased antioxidant status of eggs and breeder males, and increased hatchability. The mixture of CX and 25-OH-D3 enhanced egg shell quality, and promoted pigmentation and antioxidant status of eggs and breeder males.     

Effect of source of dietary energy and energy restriction during lactation on sow and litter performance

The effects of source of energy and energy restriction during lactation on sow and litter performance were investigated in an experiment with 90 primiparous sows. At parturition, the sows were randomly assigned to diets containing either tallow or cornstarch as a major energy source. Energy intake was restricted to 8 Mcal of metabolizable energy X sow-1 X d-1 during a 28-d lactation. All sows received equal amounts of crude protein, vitamins and minerals daily, which met or exceeded standard recommendations. Sows fed the diet with tallow lost more weight (P less than .05) during lactation than those fed the diet with cornstarch. Litter size at d 28 was greater (P less than .07) for sows fed cornstarch than for sows fed tallow. However, pig and litter weights on d 14 and 28 of lactation were similar between dietary treatments. Sows were bled on d 110 of gestation and d 14 and 28 of lactation and blood plasma was analyzed for urea. A significant treatment X time interaction was found for plasma urea. Sows fed the diet with tallow appeared to catabolize more protein than those fed the diet with cornstarch. Energy digestibility was lower (P less than .01) in the diet containing tallow, but protein digestibility was not affected by source of energy. Percentages of sows in estrus by 7, 14 and 70 d post-weaning were not different between treatments.     

Effect of Moringa oleifera supplementation on productive performance,colostrum composition and serum biochemical indexes of sow

Moringa oleifera has been considered as a potential functional feed or food, since it contains multiple components beneficial to animal and human. However, little is known about the effects of Moringa oleifera supplementation on productive performances in sows. In the current study, the results showed that dietary Moringa oleifera significantly decreased the farrowing length and the number of stillborn (p < .05), while had an increasing trend in the number of live-born (0.05 < p < .10). Furthermore, 8% Moringa oleifera supplementation significantly elevated protein levels in the colostrum (p < .05); 4% Moringa oleifera lowed serum urea nitrogen of sows after 90 days of gestation (p < .05) and significantly decreased serum glucose on 10 days of lactation (p < .05). Both groups showed significant elevation in serum T-AOC activity (p < .05). The serum malondialdehyde (MDA) of sows declined significantly in 4% Moringa oleifera addition group (p < .05). 8% Moringa oleifera meal significantly elevated serum CAT activity after 60 days of gestation (p < .05), while decreased the serum MDA level and increased the serum GSH-Px activity of sows at 10 days of lactation (p < .05). Of piglets, both two dosages of Moringa oleifera supplementation essentially reduced the serum urea nitrogen (p < .05), and 4% Moringa oleifera meal increased serum total protein (p < .05). In addition, piglets that received 8% Moringa oleifera had the highest serum CAT and SOD activities among all groups (p < .05). The present study indicated that Moringa oleifera supplementation could enhance the reproduction performances, elevate protein levels in the colostrum and improve the serum antioxidant indices in both sows and piglets.     

Effect of maternal organic selenium supplementation during pregnancy on sow reproductive performance and long-term effect on their progeny

Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for animals and exists in nature in both inorganic and organic forms. Although organic Se is more bioavailable than inorganic Se, there are inconsistent reports on the effect of organic Se on the reproductive performance of sows. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of maternal organic Se (2-hydroxy-4-methylselenobutanoic [HMSeBA]) supplementation on reproductive performance and antioxidant capacity of sows, and the long-term effect on the growth performance and antioxidant capacity of their offspring with or without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. The experimental design used in this study was a completely randomized design; 45 Landrace × Yorkshire sows were randomly allocated to receive one of the following three diets during gestation: control diet (Control, basal diet, n = 15), sodium selenite (Na₂SeO₃)-supplemented diet (Na₂SeO₃, basal diet + 0.3 mg Se/kg Na₂SeO₃, n = 15), and HMSeBA-supplemented diet (HMSeBA, basal diet + 0.3 mg Se/kg HMSeBA, n = 15). On day 21 of age, male offspring from each group were injected with LPS or saline (n = 6). As compared with the control group, maternal HMSeBA supplementation increased the number of total born piglets, while decreased birth weight (P < 0.05). In the first week of lactation, maternal HMSeBA supplementation increased litter weight gain compared with the Na₂SeO₃ group (P < 0.05) and increased the average daily gain of piglets compared with the control group and Na₂SeO₃ group (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, maternal HMSeBA supplementation decreased piglet birth interval as compared with the control group and Na₂SeO₃ group (P < 0.05). Besides, plasma glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity was higher in the HMSeBA group on farrowing 0 min and 90 min, while malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was lower on farrowing 0, 90, and 135 min than those in the control group (P < 0.05). In addition, maternal HMSeBA supplementation increased the concentration of selenoprotein P (SELENOP) in colostrum compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Further study revealed that the LPS-challenged HMSeBA group had higher GSH-Px and total antioxidant capacity and lower MDA in weaning piglets compared with the LPS-challenged control group (P < 0.05). Taken together, maternal HMSeBA supplementation increased the number of total born piglets, shortened the duration of farrowing, improved the antioxidant capacities of sows and their offspring, and improved the growth performance of suckling pigs at the first week of lactation. Thus, HMSeBA supplementation during gestation has the potentiality to produce more kilogram of meat.     

营养调控对母猪繁殖性能的影响

为了探讨母猪妊娠早期日粮中添加一定量的甲基吡啶铬、叶酸、维生素E和维生素A对母猪窝产仔数、初生重、仔猪成活率的影响,选用日龄、体况基本一致的长大二元母猪共计56头进行试验。结果表明,在母猪妊娠早期的日粮中添加甲基吡啶铬、叶酸、维生素E、维生素A可显著提高母猪窝产仔数,提高比例平均为29.2%,其中对后备母猪提高比例更大。     

Effect of dietary supplementation with stearic acid on the severity of myocardial lesions

Histological studies were conducted on ventricular myocardium obtained from male rats of the Sprague-Dawley strain after 16 weeks of feeding diets containing 20 per cent (w/w) soybean oil, low erucic acid rapeseed oil or high erucic acid rapeseed oil. Additional groups of rats were fed similar diets supplemented with up to 8 g/kg of tristearin. Increasing dietary intake of stearic acid normalised the plasma ratio of C16:0 to C18:0 for rapeseed oil treatments to ratios analogous to that observed for rats fed soybean oil. Tristearin supplementation did not have a significant effect on myocardial lesion incidence but decreased the severity of lesions observed for rapeseed oil treatments.     

日粮蛋白、能量水平对母猪繁殖性能的影响

选用36头配种日龄相近，其父母代繁殖性能无显著差异的长大初产母猪，研究妊娠和哺乳28d3个不同蛋白和能量水平的日粮对母猪繁殖性能的影响。在保持日粮的蛋能比基本不变的条件下，为妊娠和哺乳母猪分别设置3个不同蛋白和能量水平的日粮，即高能高蛋白，低能低蛋白和原用日粮。结果表明：妊娠日粮蛋白能量水平对母猪产仔数，活仔数影响显著（P＜0．05），妊娠日粮蛋白能量水平对仔猪初生重无显著影响（P＞0．05），但高能高蛋白的试验组2略高于试验组1和对照组。仔猪断奶前的平均日增重受妊娠和哺乳日粮蛋白能量水平的影响不大。     

Efficacy of dietary supplementation of fatty acid compound on performance and production in finishing pigs

Tropical Animal Health and Production - The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of dietary supplementation of 0.5 and 1% of fatty acid (FA) compound containing conjugated linoleic...