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针对目前国内缺乏藜麦专用播种机械的现状,设计了一种藜麦覆膜精量播种机。根据藜麦覆膜精量种植农艺要求,采用滴灌管浅埋开沟技术,使用滑刀式开沟器在两侧种行间开出宽45mm、深20mm的浅沟,用于埋设滴灌管;采用随动仿形覆膜装置将地膜铺设于整平装置整平后的地表上;设计了翼勺式取种器,确定了种勺结构和侧孔、容种腔的长度,以实现藜麦精量取种;采用滚筒式穴播器在地膜上打穴播种,采用覆土装置将土壤输送至种行进行覆盖,完成播种过程。以白藜品种“陇藜1号”为试验对象,采用三因素四水平正交试验设计方法,试验分析播种机的作业速度、侧孔长度、充种高度对播种性能的影响。结果表明,当播种机作业速度为1.0m/s、侧孔长度为10mm、充种高度140mm时,播种机性能指标最佳,此时合格指数为85.4%,空穴指数为1.7%,漏播指数为5.2%,重播指数为9.4%,播深合格指数为88.1%,各项性能指标均达到了设计要求和相关标准要求,满足藜麦种植的覆膜精量播种要求。 相似文献
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正2018年7月30日,山西省农业机械化技术推广总站张玉峰站长、山西省农机局生产指导处处长张赛仕、山西省农业机械化技术推广总站任跃男副站长一行赴静乐县神峪沟乡东大树村藜麦生产基地进行调研。近年来,山西省引进藜麦在多地试种,已建立了一批种植基地,静乐县是目前国内试种早、面积大、品质优、模式最成功的藜麦种植基地,2014年8月正式被中国食品工业协会授予"中国藜麦之乡"的美称。静乐县年平均种植藜麦1 000hm~2,年产量至少125万kg,已成为继南美洲安第斯山区、美国之 相似文献
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通过对甘肃省甘南州气候特点介绍,分析了高寒区藜麦生长所需条件,对发展高寒区优质藜麦机械化生产技术进行了论述,并提出了保障措施。 相似文献
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为破解常规机具耕整难题,提高水稻机械穴直播和机插秧质量,提高水稻种植机械化水平,提高机械耕整效率,降低耕作成本,提出稻田机械耕整地新技术。论述了机械耕整地新技术的技术内容、特点、作业质量要求、主要技术路线、机具配备、存在的问题及发展方向。采用机械耕整地新技术作业后地表平整度好、地表秸秆残茬少,能够满足作业要求。机械耕整地新技术同时能够提高耕整效率30%,降低耕作成本30%,该技术具有很好的推广价值。 相似文献
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Could deficit irrigation be a sustainable practice for quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) in the Southern Bolivian Altiplano? 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
Sam Geerts Dirk Raes Magali Garcia Octavio Condori Judith Mamani Roberto Miranda Jorge Cusicanqui Cristal Taboada Edwin Yucra Jean Vacher 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(8):909-917
The application of deficit irrigation (DI) to stabilize yield and to increase water productivity of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) raises questions in the arid Southern Altiplano of Bolivia where water resources are limited and often saline. Rainfed quinoa and quinoa with irrigation restricted to the flowering and early grain filling were studied during the growing seasons of 2005–2006 and 2006–2007 in a location with (Irpani) and without (Mejillones) water contribution from a shallow water table. It was found that the effect of additional irrigation was only significant above a basic fulfillment of crop water requirements of around 55%. Below this threshold, yields, total water use efficiency (TWUE) and marginal irrigation water use efficiency (MIWUE) of quinoa with DI were low. Capillary rise (CR) from groundwater was assessed using the one-dimensional UPFLOW model. The contribution of water from capillary rise in the region of Irpani ranges from 8 to 25% of seasonal crop evapotranspiration (ETc) of quinoa, depending mostly on the depth of the groundwater table and the amount of rainfall during the rainy season. DI with poor quality water and cultivation of crops in fields with a shallow saline groundwater table pose a serious threat for sustainable quinoa farming. To assess the impact of saline water resources, soil salinity and required leaching were simulated by combining the soil water and salt balance model BUDGET with UPFLOW. The results indicate that irrigation of quinoa with saline water and/or CR from a saline shallow water table might, already after 1 year, result in significant salt accumulation in the root zone in the arid Southern Altiplano. A farming system with only 1 year fallow is often insufficient to leach sufficient salts out of the root zone. In case the number of fallow years cannot be increased, leaching by means of an important irrigation application before sowing is an alternative. Although potentially beneficial, DI of quinoa in arid regions such as the Southern Bolivian Altiplano should be considered with precaution. 相似文献