锌对绵羊睾丸组织细胞和血浆激素水平的影响

研究了锌对公绵羊睾丸支持细胞、间质细胞大小以及血浆睾酮（Ｔ）和促黄体激素（ＬＨ）水平的影响。在公绵羊日粮中添加一定量锌后,试验组与对照组比较,睾丸支持细胞核和质间细胞核（长径×宽径）分别增大２３．３８μｍ２和１２．０５μｍ２（Ｐ＜０．０１）;血浆Ｔ和ＬＨ水平分别升高１５．０１％和３２．６５％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果表明,锌对于公绵羊睾丸组织细胞的发育以及ＬＨ和Ｔ的分泌起着重要调节作用。     

Annual Change of the Testosterone Hormone in Male White Goats

In this research, changes of testosterone hormone in the blood serum of 9 male (3 of age 2 and 6 of age 4) White goats have been studied for a duration of one year. Analyses performed show that the general monthly averages of the testosterone hormone of the male White goats in the period of 12 months starting in January were (2.11±0.73), (2.22±0.52), (2.44±0.59),(2.10±0.41),(2.35±1.00), (3.42±1.48), (4.77±1.32), (5.61±1.40), (7.91±1.24), (10.84±1.59), (7.82±1.60), and (2.63±0.61) ng mL-1,respectively (P<0.05). The effect of the age factor on the testosterone production in White goats (age 2 and 4) was generally significant (P<0.05) for differences among months in each age group, but not significant for differences between age groups in each month. The testosterone hormone levels of male White goats encountered significant changes (P<0.05)with respect to the season.     

血浆及精清睾酮的酶免疫分析法研究

用混合酸酐法合成睾酮-3-(羧甲基)肟-过氧化物酶和睾酮-17-(羧甲基)肟-过氧化物酶两种结合物,并用睾酮抗血清和睾酮单克隆抗体建立鉴定了睾酮的两种固相微滴板酶免疫分析法(T-EIAa,T-EIAb),其中T-EIAa符合方法学鉴定指标.用T-EIAa测定种公牛血浆及精清睾酮含量,血浆样品经二氯甲烷抽提,而精清样品用直接法测定.T-EIAa测定血浆样品的结果与放射免疫测定密切相关(r=0.83,n=12),种公牛的血浆及精清睾酮含量在个体间存在显著差异,精液品质良好组的精清睾酮含量显著地高于较差组,而血浆睾酮含量差异不显著.     

Sexual behavior: normal male patterning in androgenized female rats

Female rats treated with testosterone as neonates and as adults exhibited a temporal patterning of male copulatory behavior identical to that of normal males, although such females displayed few intromission reflexes and almost no ejaculatory patterns. With prenatal, postnatal, and adult testosterone treatment, female rats displayed all the characteristic masculine responses and intervals, including the ultrasonic postejaculatory vocalization.     

Aggression in adult mice: modification by neonatal injections of gonadal hormones

Incidence of spontaneous aggression in adult male mice given a single injection of estradiol benzoate (0.4 milligram) when they were 3 days old was less than that of controls injected with oil. Aggressiveness was increased among adult females injected with either estradiol or testosterone propionate (1 milligram) at the same age. The increased aggressiveness noted among females given androgen was further documented during subsequent mating tests, when these females often attacked, wounded, and, in one case, killed naive males.     

半散养东北虎发情交配期粪样中性腺激素水平的变化

2006年6月-2007年11月,在泰山东北虎园收集了7只(3雌,4雄)半散养东北虎非繁殖期和发情交配期的粪样,利用放射免疫分析法对雌虎粪便中的雌二醇(E2)和雄虎粪便中的睾酮(T)的质量分数进行了测定.结果表明:雌虎粪样中E2和雄虎粪样中T的质量分数在发情交配期都维持了较高的水平,其中雌二醇水平在2.0×10-10以上,雌二醇峰值达1.2×10-9以上;睾酮水平一般不低于2.0×10-7,睾酮峰值达5.5 × 10-7以上.非繁殖期2种激素质量分数都很低,雌二醇峰值在2.0 × 10-10.以下,睾酮水平在2.0×10-7以下.2种激素质量分数在非繁殖期和发情交配期的差异都达到极显著水平.     

广西地区人工饲养雌性食蟹猴雌二醇和睾酮含量变化的研究

探索广西地区人工饲养的雌性食蟹猴在少年、青年和中年阶段睾酮和雌二醇分泌情况。使用放射免疫方法分别测定血清中的睾酮、雌二醇含量变化。试验结果表明：广西地区人工饲养的雌性食蟹猴少年组、青年组和中年组间雌二醇分泌的量分别是38.81±21.57 pg/ml、76.09±56.23 pg/ml、64.37±39.48 pg/ml,分泌水平差异极显著（P〈0.01）,其中青年组雌二醇分泌量大于中年组,少年组的含量最少。雌性食蟹猴少年组、青年组和中年组间睾酮的分泌量分别是52.36±24.93 ng/ml,37.95±21.69 ng/ml、80.91±29.19 ng/ml,分泌水平差异极显著（P〈0.01）,其中中年组分泌水平最高,青年组其次,少年组最少。     

口服鲨烯对大鼠Leptin、体脂沉积和繁殖的影响

将22日龄Wistar雄鼠32只,分对照组(饲料中不含鲨烯)和试验组(每千克饲料中含鲨烯1 000mg),宰杀后测定血Leptin、血糖、胆固醇、甘油三酯和睾酮水平及体重脂肪指数和体重睾丸指数,同时,各组留6只与雌鼠交配,待观察产仔数.结果显示,对照组和试验组饲料消耗没有差异,但试验组大鼠体重、体重脂肪指数、血Leptin、血糖、胆固醇和甘油三酯水平显著比对照组低,而试验组大鼠的体重睾丸指数、血睾酮水平和产仔数显著比对照组高.提示口服鲨烯可防止正常鼠体重和体脂肪增加并可降低肥胖鼠体重脂肪指数及降低血Leptin、血糖、胆固醇和甘油三酯的水平;同时,鲨烯可促进睾丸生长发育和睾酮分泌,增加产仔数.     

青山羊生长发育期血液中性激素含量变化的分析

采用初生至180日龄的羔羊,分十个年龄组.每组公、母羔各3只.逐只取血.析出血清后,应用放射免疫法,测定血清中孕酮、睾酮及雌二醇含量.结果表明:公羔80日龄含睾酮1ng/ml以上,180龄为4ng/ml以上.母羔40～80日龄孕酮2～3ng/ml.初生公、母羔雌二醇含量平均为92pg和79.5pg,20日龄大幅度降低,160日龄后开始升高.     

不同锌水平对荷斯坦种公牛精液品质及血液理化指标的影响

【研究目的】本文旨在研究不同锌水平日粮对荷斯坦种公牛精液品质和血液理化指标的影响。【方法】选取30头荷斯坦种公牛,随机分为5组,A为对照组,饲喂基础日粮,B、C、D、E组锌的添加水平分别为50、80、110、200mg/kg,试验期8个月。【结果】结果表明,(1)不同锌水平对荷斯坦种公牛精子活力、射精量、精子密度影响极显著(P<0.01);对精子顶体完整率无显著影响(P>0.05),能显著降低精子畸形率(P<0.05)。(2)不同锌水平对荷斯坦种公牛血清中睾酮含量影响极显著(P<0.01),对血清锌、精清锌和精清睾酮含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。(3)不同锌水平对荷斯坦种公牛精清中谷草转氨酶(GOT)活性影响极显著(P<0.01),对碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和谷丙转氨酶(GPT)活性有显著影响(P<0.05),对乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性无显著影响(P>0.05);对血清中GOT和GPT活性影响极显著(P<0.01),对AKP和LDH活性无显著影响(P>0.05)。【结论】综合分析不同锌水平试验牛生理生化指标的变化,本次试验研究表明:锌的适宜添加量为110mg/kg日粮干物质。     

Mouse complement: influence of sex hormones on its activity

Sex hormones influence the hemolytic of one or more of the late-acting components of complement measured in the presence of trisodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate. The titers of the serums of male mice, normally tenfold higher than those of females, fell after castration, becoming about the same as those of females. The titers of the serums from females rose after these mice were castrated, but castration did not affect the activities of the first, second, and fourth components of complement. Serums of normal and castrated mice of both sexes treated with testosterone showed increased late-acting component activity, whereas the estrogen caused decreased activity. Treatment in vitro of mouse serum with these hormones had no effect on the activity of late-acting components.     

Male contraception; synergism of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog and testosterone in suppressing gonadotropin

Long-term administration of either superactive analog's of gonadotropin-releasing hormone or of testosterone suppresses gonadotropin secretion in male animals and humans. Testosterone administered in combination with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog further suppresses serum gonadotropin levels in male rats. This observation indicates synergistic activity and suggests that the gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog and testosterone act at independent sites within the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. The primary actions of superactive analog are probably mediated by changes at a postreceptor site in the pituitary gonadotropin-secreting cells.     

大豆黄酮对反刍动物血清睾酮和瘤胃消化代谢的影响

大豆黄酮对雄性湖羊及水牛血清睾酮和瘤胃消化代谢影响的研究发现：雄性湖羊连续 ７ ｄ 皮下注射大豆黄酮（ １００ ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ 体重）,血清睾酮水平明显增加; 雄性水牛经十二指肠瘘管灌注大豆黄酮（５００ ｍ ｇ／ｄ）,连续 １２ ｄ,血清睾酮（ Ｐ＜ ０．０５）、瘤胃细菌蛋白（ Ｐ＜ ０．０１）、挥发性脂肪酸（ Ｐ＜ ０．０５）和 Ｈ Ｎ３  Ｎ （ Ｐ＜ ０．０１）显著增加,但（ Ｃ２ ＋ Ｃ４ ）／ Ｃ３ 未见有明显变化。结果表明： 大豆黄酮可以提高血清睾酮水平,并改善瘤胃微生物消化代谢。     

MUSCLE AND BLOOD HEMOGLOBIN IN THE DOLPHIN

The sex organs of the male are more resistant to dietary deficiencies, the animals showing only retrogression along with a significant loss in weight. Testosterone and gonadotropic hormone (of pregnant mare serum) produce a small but definite restorative effect. Oral administration of estrin to females depresses the food intake, while testosterone, and less so the gonadotropic hormone in males produces the opposite effect. This effect can be regarded as evidence of the dietary significance of these two hormones. The expenses of the present investigation were defrayed by the U. S. Vitamin Corporation, of New York City.     

Social control of sex reversal in a coral-reef fish

Males of Labroides dimidiatus control the process of sex reversal within social groups. Each group consists of a male with a harem of females, among which larger individuals dominate smaller ones. The male in each harem suppresses the tendency of the females to change sex by actively dominating them. Death of the male releases this suppression and the dominant female of the harem changes sex immediately. Possible genetic advantages of the system are considered.     

广西人工饲养雄性食蟹猴睾酮分泌水平分析

[目的]探讨广西人工饲养雄性食蟹猴在不同年龄段的睾酮分泌情况,为解决人工饲养食蟹猴的繁殖问题提供基础科研资料.[方法]以2岁11月龄（少年）、4岁2月龄（青年）、6岁10月龄（中年）3组健康雄性食蟹猴为研究对象,于秋冬季节（2008年10月22日～2009年3月6日）采集血样,用放射免疫分析法测定其血清睾酮水平变化.[结果]广西人工饲养雄性食蟹猴在不同年龄阶段的睾酮分泌水平存在显著差异（P＜0.05）,表现为：中年雄性食蟹猴（84.94±52.29 ng/mL）＞青年雄性食蟹猴（72.44±20.13 ng/mL）＞少年雄性食蟹猴（56.84±15.32 ng/mL）.环境温度与雄性食蟹猴睾酮分泌水平的相关系数分别为：少年组0.77、青年组0.92、中年组0.75,其中,青年组的相关性极显著（P＜0.01）,少年组和中年组的相关性不显著（P＞0.05）.[结论]广西人工饲养雄性食蟹猴睾酮分泌水平因性功能年龄的改变而呈显著差异,环境温度仅是影响雄性食蟹猴睾酮水平的可能因素.     

β-酪啡肽对公山羊血清FSH、LH和T水平的影响

给公山羊瘤胃灌注β－酪啡肽（β－CM）,在灌注前后采取外周血样,用放射免疫分析法测定血清促卵泡素（FSH）、促共体生成素（LH）和睾酮（T）水平,旨在研究β－酪啡肽对公山羊生殖内分泌的影响。结果表明,瘤胃灌注β－CM后,公山羊血清LH和T水平明显降低（P＜0．01或P＜0．05）,且此效应可被阿片受体拮抗内络酮（naloxon）逆转,而β－CM灌注,对公山羊血清FSH水平未昂明显影响（P＞0．05）。     

肉仔鸡血清蛋白质、钙、磷和睾酮含量与生长发育的关系

本文通过对不同品种肉鸡进行饲养观察,初步认定罗曼鸡生长发育最快。其饲料转化率、适应性、抗病力等明显优于AA和星布罗肉鸡。从理论上阐述了影响肉鸡生长发育的生理因素。试验分析表明,血清中总蛋白质含量与生长速度成正相关;血清钙和无机磷含量,在不同肉鸡品种之间差异不大;公鸡血清睾酮含量对肉鸡生长发育有一定促进作用,睾酮含量多的肉鸡生长发育快,一般表现出体重与血清睾酮之间有明显的相关。     

A physiological role of epidermal growth factor in male reproductive function

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulates the proliferation of various mammalian cells in culture, but its physiological role is not well defined. In mature male mice, large amounts of EGF are produced in the submandibular gland; it is present in the circulation at approximately 5 nanograms of EGF per milliliter of plasma. Sialoadenectomy (removal of the submandibular glands) decreased the amount of circulating EGF to an undetectable level but did not affect the circulating levels of testosterone or follicle-stimulating hormone. The number of mature sperm in the epididymis decreased by as much as 55 percent; the number of spermatids in the testis decreased by 40 to 50 percent; and the number of spermatocytes increased by about 20 percent. Administration of EGF to sialoadenectomized mice restored both the sperm content of the epididymis and the number of spermatids in the testis to normal. Thus, EGF may play a role in male reproductive function by stimulating the meiotic phase of spermatogenesis.     

甲基睾丸素对中华鳖外部性征诱导作用的研究

采用甲基睾丸素处理不同发育时期的中华鳖胚胎和给孵出后３ｄ的稚鳖拌饲甲基睾丸素来观察外源性激素的诱导作用,结果表明：试验组与对照组的孵化率无显著差异。说明孵化率不受生激素处理的影响,经雄性激素处理过的所有个体外部雄性副性征明显,其尾巴长,露出背板的裙边,且好咬斗,这充分证明外源雄性激素对稚鳖的外部性征及胃较大的诱导作用。