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1.
    
Myoblasts are myogenic precursors that develop into myotubes during muscle formation. Improving efficiency of myoblast differentiation is important for advancing meat production by domestic animals. We recently identified novel oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) termed myogenetic ODNs (myoDNs) that promote the differentiation of mammalian myoblasts. An isoquinoline alkaloid, berberine, forms a complex with one of the myoDNs, iSN04, and enhances its activities. This study investigated the effects of myoDNs on chicken myoblasts to elucidate their species-specific actions. Seven myoDNs (iSN01–iSN07) were found to facilitate the differentiation of chicken myoblasts into myosin heavy chain (MHC)-positive myotubes. The iSN04–berberine complex exhibited a higher myogenetic activity than iSN04 alone, which was shown to enhance the differentiation of myoblasts into myotubes and the upregulation of myogenic gene expression (MyoD, myogenin, MHC, and myomaker). These data indicate that myoDNs promoting chicken myoblast differentiation may be used as potential feed additives in broiler diets.  相似文献   

2.
旨在了解m6A甲基转移酶样蛋白16(methyltransferase-like protein 16,METTL16)在鸡不同类型肌肉组织中的表达情况及其在鸡骨骼肌功能中的调控作用。本研究利用qRT-PCR技术检测METTL16基因在120日龄广西麻鸡母鸡不同类型肌肉组织中的表达,同时利用siRNA干扰鸡原代成肌细胞中METTL16基因的表达,分析其对成肌细胞增殖、分化和肌纤维形成的影响。结果显示,METTL16基因在鸡的不同类型肌肉组织(胸大肌、胸小肌、缝匠肌、耻坐骨肌内侧肌、耻坐骨肌外侧肌、髂胫外侧肌、腓肠肌内侧肌和背阔肌)中广泛表达,其中,在白肌纤维为主的胸大肌、胸小肌和髂胫外侧肌中表达量相对更高;细胞增殖检测结果显示,干扰METTL16基因表达后,鸡成肌细胞的增殖活力受到了抑制;在成肌细胞分化后干扰METTL16基因表达,鸡成肌细胞RNA m6A甲基化水平呈下降趋势,细胞分化关键基因MyoD表达显著下降(P<0.05),fast-MyHC基因表达显著上升(P<0.001),slow-MyHC基因表达呈下降趋势。综上,METTL16基因在不同类型肌肉中的表达与其肌纤...  相似文献   

3.
    
Cell‐cell fusion has been a great technology to generate valuable hybrid cells and organisms such as hybridomas. In this study, skeletal muscle myoblasts were utilized to establish a novel method for autonomous xenogenic cell fusion. Myoblasts are mononuclear myogenic precursor cells and fuse mutually to form multinuclear myotubes. We generated murine myoblasts (mMBs) expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) termed mMB‐GFP, and the chick myoblasts (chMBs) expressing Discosoma red fluorescent protein (DsRed) termed chMB‐DsRed. mMB‐GFP and chMB‐DsRed were cocultured and induced to differentiate. After 24 h, the multinuclear myotubes expressing both GFP and DsRed were observed, indicating that mMBs and chMBs interspecifically fuse. These GFP+/DsRed+ hybrid myotubes were able to survive and grew to hyper‐multinucleated mature form. We also found that undifferentiated mMB‐GFP efficiently fuse to the chMB‐DsRed‐derived myotubes. This is the first evidence for the autonomous xenogenic fusion of mammalian and avian cells. Myoblast‐based fusogenic technique will open up an alternative direction to create novel hybrid products.  相似文献   

4.
旨在探究TMEM182对猪骨骼肌卫星细胞增殖和成肌分化的调控作用。本研究选取饲养在相同条件下马身猪和大白猪各3头(180日龄;健康去势公猪);采集各组织;选取1周龄仔猪分离猪骨骼肌卫星细胞;通过qRT-PCR检测TMEM182在猪不同组织的表达谱、在不同猪种肌肉组织中的表达差异以及在骨骼肌卫星细胞不同分化天数的时序表达模式;通过在卫星细胞过表达TMEM182(OE-TMEM182)和干扰TMEM182 (si-TMEM182);采用qRT-PCR检测增殖标志基因的表达变化;采用EdU试验检测EdU阳性细胞数量变化;诱导猪骨骼肌卫星细胞成肌分化后;通过qRT-PCR、Wstern blot、免疫荧光染色等技术检测成肌分化关键基因mRNA和蛋白的表达水平以及对肌管融合的影响。结果显示;TMEM182在猪肌肉组织中均高表达;在其他组织中几乎不表达;与马身猪相比;TMEM182在大白猪肌肉组织中表达量更高(P < 0.05);随着卫星细胞分化天数的增加;TMEM182的表达量在分化第4天和5天时上升;分化第6天时下降;在分化第0天时表达量最低;第7天时表达量最高(P < 0.05);互作蛋白结果显示;OE-TMEM182组CDH15、TMEM25、HS3ST1、SEC11A的表达量极显著降低(P<0.01);VWC2L的表达量显著降低(P<0.05);在细胞增殖过程中;过表达TMEM182后极显著下调CDK1、PCNA、Ki67的表达(P < 0.01);且EdU阳性细胞数极显著减少(P < 0.01)。干扰TMEM182后极显著上调CDK4、CDK1(P < 0.01);显著上调Ki67的表达(P < 0.05);且EdU阳性细胞数极显著增加(P < 0.01)。在成肌分化过程中;过表达TMEM182后;MyoG、MyHC表达量极显著降低(P < 0.01);MyoD表达量显著降低(P < 0.05);干扰TMEM182后;MyoD、MyoG、MyHC的表达量极显著上升(P < 0.01);Myf5的表达量显著上升(P < 0.05);同时;TMEM182可能通过抑制PI3K-Akt信号通路调控猪卫星细胞的增殖和分化。本研究结果表明;TMEM182为猪骨骼肌卫星细胞增殖及分化过程中的一个负调控因子;推测其为猪骨骼肌生长发育的一个关键候选基因。  相似文献   

5.
    
Satellite cells attached to skeletal muscle fibers play a crucial role in skeletal muscle regeneration. During regeneration, the satellite cells proliferate, migrate to the damaged region, and fuse to each other. Although it is important to determine the cellular mechanisms controlling myoblast behavior, their regulators are not well understood. In this study, we evaluated the roles of Fbxw7 in primary myoblasts and determined its potential as a therapeutic target for muscle disease. We originally found that Fbxw7β, one of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Fbxw7 subtypes, negatively regulates differentiation, proliferation and migration of myoblasts and satellite cells on muscle fiber. However, these phenomena were not observed in myoblasts expressing a dominant‐negative, F‐box deleted Fbxw7β, mutant. Our results suggest that myoblast differentiation potential and muscle regeneration can be regulated by Fbxw7β.  相似文献   

6.
精氨酸(Arg)作为功能性氨基酸,同时也是鱼类的必需氨基酸。Arg及其部分代谢产物可通过调节一些内分泌激素[如生长激素(GH)、胰岛素样生长因子(IGFs)等]的分泌,影响生肌过程中相关基因和蛋白质的表达,进而作用鱼类肌细胞的增殖分化。本文简要综述Arg对鱼类肌细胞增殖分化的影响及其机制。  相似文献   

7.
原始生殖细胞(Primordial Germ Cells:PGCs)是指能够发育为性细胞的前体细胞,可作为胚胎干细胞(ES)分离与克隆的一种新型材料,其形态、表面标志、体内外分化潜能及体外培养条件均类似于胚胎干细胞.体外培养过程中,在培养液中加入一定的诱导分化剂,PGCs细胞将发生定向分化.长期以来神经系统损伤和神经退行性病变是临床上难以解决的问题,由于原始生殖细胞具有发育全能性,可以在体外通过对其进行定向诱导,得到特定类型的细胞,这将使原始生殖细胞成为今后细胞替代疗法和组织器官移植的来源.本试验采用不同的诱导剂对PGCs进行诱导,以探讨PGCs细胞向神经细胞分化的适宜条件.  相似文献   

8.
9.
中国地方鸡种肌肉微量元素含量比较研究   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
对我国肖山鸡、白耳鸡、狼山鸡、乌骨鸡、油鸡、白耳鸡(♂)×肖山鸡(♀)、肖山鸡(♂)×白耳鸡(♀)7个地方鸡种12周龄肌肉Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、Cr、Se元素含量进行了分析。结果显示:Fe含量在白耳鸡和油鸡肌肉中最高,而肖山鸡和狼山鸡含量最低;Cu含量在白耳鸡和肖山鸡(♂)×白耳鸡(♀)肌肉中最高,而白耳鸡(♂)×肖山鸡(♀)含量最低;Zn含量在油鸡肌肉中最高,其次为白耳鸡(♂)×肖山鸡(♀);Cr含量在白耳鸡(♂)×肖山鸡(♀)肌肉中含量最高,其次为肖山鸡、油鸡、乌骨鸡,狼山鸡含量最低;Se含量在油鸡肌肉中含量最高,白耳鸡及肖山鸡(♂)×白耳鸡(♀)含量较低;Mn含量在各地方鸡种间无明显的差异。  相似文献   

10.
Flow cytometric analysis and immunohistochemical observation were used to qualitatively and quantitatively clarify the nature of B cell differentiation in the bursa of Fabricius of chick embryos and to determine the timing of antibody class switching in chicken spleens based on positivity of IgM and IgG on and in the cells. In the bursa, the sIgM‐positive cell population formed from the 12th to 15th day of embryogenesis. The proportion of sIgM‐high expressing (sIgMhigh) cells was lower among bursacytes than splenocytes of hatched chicks, suggesting that the sIgMhigh bursacytes are to be released to peripheral sites. The proportion of sIgMhigh cells was higher at 0 days old than at any other examined stage of development. Colonization of the spleen by B cells occurred between the 18th day of embryogenesis and 0 days old. Antibody class switching was thought to start in the spleen between 1 and 2 weeks of age, because IgG‐positive cells were present in the spleen of 2‐week‐old chicks, but not 0‐day‐old or 1‐week‐old chicks.  相似文献   

11.
    
The increased plasma glucocorticoid concentration in stressful conditions stimulates muscle protein degradation, and results in growth retardation in animals. However, the mechanism is still to be clarified. The present study was undertaken to examine the participation of Ca2+ in the glucocorticoid action, using nifedipine (NIF), a Ca2+ channel antagonist. The effects of NIF on growth, differentiation, and protein degradation were examined in glucocorticoid-treated primary cultured chick muscle cells. Muscle cell growth and cell differentiation were assessed by protein content and creatine kinase (CK) activity, respectively, and the rate of myofiblillar protein degradation was estimated by the release of N τ-methylhistidine (MeHis). Creatine kinase activity was increased by corticosterone (CTC) and this effect was minimized by NIF. Protein content was decreased by CTC and normalized by NIF. N τ-methylhistidine release was significantly increased by CTC and tended to be minimized by NIF. The present results indicate that CTC increases skeletal muscle proteolysis followed by muscle growth retardation partially because of enhanced Ca2+ influx through the NIF-sensitive Ca2+ channel. Enhanced muscle differentiation by CTC is mediated also by the NIF-sensitive Ca2+ channel.  相似文献   

12.
为探究二甲双胍对牛骨骼肌卫星细胞增殖和分化的影响,本研究将体外培养的牛骨骼肌卫星细胞分别用0(对照组)、1、2、4 mmol/L二甲双胍进行处理,采用CCK-8法筛选出二甲双胍作用于牛骨骼肌卫星细胞的最适浓度,接着通过EdU染色法检测二甲双胍处理牛骨骼肌卫星细胞后对其增殖的影响,然后对二甲双胍处理的牛骨骼肌卫星细胞进行体外成肌诱导分化,通过显微镜观察牛骨骼肌卫星细胞分化时期的细胞状态,然后利用Western blotting技术检测牛骨骼肌卫星细胞的分化标志因子肌球蛋白重链(MyHC)、肌细胞生成素(MyoG)在分化24、48和72 h的表达情况。结果表明,二甲双胍作用于牛骨骼肌卫星细胞的最适浓度为2 mmol/L。2 mmol/L二甲双胍处理牛骨骼肌卫星细胞后,其细胞增殖率显著降低(P<0.05),说明二甲双胍可以抑制牛骨骼肌卫星细胞的增殖;牛骨骼肌卫星细胞诱导分化后形成的肌管数量和直径均呈现减少趋势,牛骨骼肌卫星细胞成肌分化标志因子MyHC、MyoG在分化24、48和72 h的表达均显著低于0 mmol/L (对照)组(P<0.05),说明2 mmol/L二甲双胍能够抑制牛骨骼肌卫星细胞的成肌分化过程。研究结果表明,二甲双胍可以显著抑制牛骨骼肌卫星细胞的增殖及成肌分化过程。该研究为二甲双胍在肌肉发育调控及肌损伤修复方面的应用提供一定的理论依据。  相似文献   

13.
    
Decorin, a small leucine‐rich proteoglycan, plays an important role in cellular activities through modification of growth factors. It also acts as a signaling molecule to non‐muscle cells through epidermal growth factor receptor or insulin‐like growth factor I receptor (IGF‐IR). However, it is unclear if decorin acts as a signaling molecule to myogenic cells. In this study, we investigated the effect of decorin on the differentiation of myoblasts and the signaling via IGF‐IR to myogenic cells. C2C12 myoblasts cultured in media containing decorin for 72 h showed more extensive formation of multinucleated myotubes than control cells cultured in the same media without decorin. The protein expressions of myogenin and myosin heavy chian were higher in decorn‐treated cells than in control cells. These results suggest that decorin enhances the differentiation of myoblasts. Western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry showed that IGF‐IR was expressed in myoblasts and myotubes. Furthermore, Akt, which is downstream of IGF‐IR, was more phosphorylated in myoblasts cultured in media containing decorin than those in media without decorin. These results suggest that decorin activates Akt downstream of IGF‐IR and enhances the differentiation of myogenic cells.  相似文献   

14.
利用细胞培养、原位杂交、免疫组化、图像分析等技术研究缺氧与肉鸡肺动脉平滑肌细胞癌基因c-fos和c-myc表达的关系,进一步阐明缺氧与以肺动脉增殖重塑为特征的肉鸡腹水综合征的关系。结果显示,缺氧显著引起肺动脉平滑肌细胞内癌基因c-fos和c-mycmRNA的表达(c-fosmRNA:常氧组为144.6±20.2,缺氧组为198.1±32.8,P<0.01;c-mycmRNA:常氧组为125.4±18.8,缺氧组为167.1±22.4,P<0.01)。缺氧显著引起肺动脉平滑肌细胞内癌基因c-fos和c-myc蛋白的表达(c-fos蛋白:常氧组为150.9±33.2,缺氧组为225.9±37.0,P<0.01;c-myc蛋白:常氧组为162.1±28.5,缺氧组为228.8±33.4,P<0.01)。结果表明缺氧能够明显诱发肉鸡肺动脉平滑肌细胞内癌基因c-fos、c-myc的转录和表达,是启动肺动脉平滑肌细胞增殖的重要原因。本研究阐明缺氧是以肺动脉重塑为特征的肉鸡腹水综合征的主要诱因。  相似文献   

15.
本试验对白耳鸡、泰和鸡、黄羽肉鸡康达尔128cs、石歧杂鸡、蛋用鸡罗曼褐cs五个鸡种胸肌肉中的微量元素铁、锰、铜、锌的含量进行比较。结果表明:在性成熟前,随着周龄增长,白耳鸡四种微量元素含量有减少趋势,而其它四个鸡种呈增加的趋势,白耳鸡微量元素含量的这种特殊性很可能与性成熟早有关。四种微量元素的含量在不同鸡种均呈铁>锌>铜>锰的规律。  相似文献   

16.
本实验建立了鸡胚骨骼肌细胞增殖和融合培养模型,增殖和融合培养液分别为添加5%胎牛血清(FCS)和添加10%FCS+0.5%鸡胚浸出液的DMEM培养液。结果表明:培养的骨骼肌细胞增殖和融合情况良好,可存活1周以上。胰岛素(INS,10-1 000 ng/mL)处理48 h显著促进骨骼肌细胞增殖,而100-1000 ng/mL INS处理96 h可显著促进骨骼肌细胞融合。该模型可用来研究激素、生长因子或营养物质对骨骼肌细胞增殖和分化的影响。  相似文献   

17.
旨在建立鸡骨骼肌卫星细胞(muscle satellite cell,MSC)体外分离、培养、纯化、诱导分化及鉴定的方法。选取12胚龄SPF鸡胚,综合松散肌肉纤维和游离纤维基质层细胞等原理,对分离细胞使用的酶以及后续的细胞纯化、诱导分化方法进行优化;并从形态学、细胞分化能力、生长曲线、免疫荧光、RT-PCR等方面对MSC进行鉴定,从而提出一种鸡骨骼肌卫星细胞的混合酶消化分离培养方法。结果表明,刚分离纯化后的细胞折光性强,24 h贴壁展开后呈纺锤状;待诱导分化后能形成排列整齐的多核肌管;CCK-8测定细胞生长曲线呈典型的“S”型;优化后,细胞存活率为(90.82±1.294)%,细胞纯度为(90.44±1.264)%;免疫荧光检测标志性基因Pax7、Desmin表达阳性;RT-PCR检测标志性基因Pax7、MyHC、MyoD1呈阳性;并且分化前标志性基因Pax7表达量是分化后的1.705倍,分化后期标志性基因MyHC表达量是分化前的13.073倍。该试验建立了一种快速简便的鸡骨骼肌卫星细胞的体外培养方法,为研究鸡骨骼肌细胞生物学机制、肉鸡品种优化、细胞移植修复提供良好的细胞模型。  相似文献   

18.
为了研究核不均一核糖核蛋白AB(heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein AB, HNRNPAB)对牛骨骼肌卫星细胞增殖与分化的影响。本研究以体外分离培养的鲁西黄牛胎牛原代骨骼肌卫星细胞为试验材料,体外诱导成肌分化,分别收取分化前和分化后第1、2、3天的细胞,提取RNA(每组设置4个重复)或蛋白质(每组设置3个重复),通过qRT-PCR、Western blot检测HNRNPAB在成肌分化前后的表达情况。随后合成HNRNPAB的干扰RNA,并转染牛骨骼肌卫星细胞干扰HNRNPAB的表达,设置阴性对照组;在试验组和对照组中,分别利用EdU试验检测细胞增殖情况,qRT-PCR技术、Western blot技术检测HNRNPAB、增殖标志因子Pax7、Cyclin D1及分化标志因子MyoG、MyHC的mRNA表达水平及蛋白表达水平。结果显示,HNRNPAB在牛骨骼肌卫星细胞成肌分化过程中的mRNA表达呈现先升后降的趋势,在分化第1天表达量最高,分化前后蛋白表达水平也具有显著差异。干扰HNRNPAB后,EdU细胞阳性率极显著上升(P<0.01),增...  相似文献   

19.
为了比较AA鸡胸肌和腿肌中水分含量的差异,选取来自江苏省东台市和宿迁市的49日龄AA鸡进行屠宰,测定其胸肌和腿肌中的水分含量。结果表明,2种来源的AA鸡胸肌中的含水量分别为73.70%和73.98%,腿肌中的含水量分别为75.44%和74.56%;2种来源的AA鸡腿肌中的水分含量都极显著地高于胸肌(P〈0.01)。研究结果为AA鸡肉品质标准的制定以及肉品质的改善提供了基础数据。  相似文献   

20.
肌肉生长抑制素(myostatin)为转化生长因子TGF-beta超家族成员之一。随着研究的深入,发现鸡与哺乳动物myostatin基因的功能特性存在一定差异。本文主要综述了鸡myostatin基因在鸡骨骼肌生长发育和胚胎发生中的表达和功能等方面的研究进展。同时,对鸡作为肌肉相关研究领域模式动物的优势,肉鸡、蛋鸡间骨骼肌巨大生长差异与myostatin基因的可能关系也进行了简单讨论。  相似文献   

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