利用微卫星分析康西草原马匹种群的遗传多样性和群体结构

旨在揭示康西草原马匹的品种来源以及群体遗传结构。本研究采集了当地60匹健康状况良好、体重适中、3～6岁之间不区分公母马的血液样品,试验分为6个种群并以纯血马等4个国外马品种、1个我国地方马品种作为对照， 通过设计引物并提取基因组DNA结合微卫星扩增法对染色体上12个微卫星位点的等位基因进行检测，并对各种群遗传多样性参数、群体分化指数、瓶颈效应以及群体结构进行分析。试验按照群体个数为依据分为6组，每组1个重复，每个重复以该组样本量为标准。分析6个种群马的遗传参数结果表明，其中共检测到221个等位基因,平均Shannon指数为1.691；有效等位基因数(Ne)为3.649～5.397；期望杂合度(He)为0.681～0.798；观测杂合度(Ho)为0.632～0.780；平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.643～0.772。这些结果表明，6个群体都具有很高的遗传多样性。通过微卫星DNA位点的连锁不平衡及哈迪-温伯格平衡分析发现， 大多数位点的P值都大于校正值(P=0.006 5)，表示较多位点都处于哈迪-温伯格及连锁平衡状态。各群体间群体分化系数(Fst)表明，群体间分化程度较低(Fst<0.15)。基于Nei’s遗传距离与地理距离之间Mantel相关性检验显示二者之间呈现正相关性(R=0.502)，但未达到显著水平(P=0.310)；各马匹种群瓶颈效应分析表明，P值极显著(P_(IAM)<0.01)说明该地区的马群体受到过瓶颈效应的影响且该马群体历史上数量有大规模的减少。通过 FCA因子分析、基于Nei’s标准遗传距离UPGMA树状图以及Structure贝叶斯聚类分析发现，该地区马种群与纯血马和温血马聚为一类，说明该种群最有可能主要来源于温血马和纯血马。这些结果揭示，康西草原地区马匹具有较高的遗传多样性，该地马群体的血统与纯血马和温血马相近，这为当地马遗传资源评估以及开发利用打下了坚实的基础。     

马血红蛋白多态型检测方法的改进

等电聚焦 (Ｉｓｏｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｆｏｃｕｓｉｎｇ ,ＩＥＦ)是 60年代建立起来的一种蛋白质分离分析手段。 30多年来发展很快 ,成为当前电泳中具有最高分辨率的一项技术。因此 ,常用其分离人和动物的血红蛋白型。马的血红蛋白 (Ｈａｅｍｏｇｌｏｂｉｎ ,Ｈｂ)座位具有多态性 ,是国际动物遗传协会 /国际纯血马登记委员会 (ＩＳＡＧ/ＩＳＢＣ)指定的用于进行马匹个体识别和亲仔鉴定的一个重要座位。马的血红蛋白座位含有Ｂ1、Ｂ2 Ａ ,Ｎ和Ｖ等 6个等位基因 ,其中纯血马的血红蛋白座位具有 2个等位基因 :Ｂ1/Ｂ1( 0 .1 8) ,Ｂ1( 0 .82 ) ;3种基…     

中国纯血马血红蛋白多态性的遗传分析

采用等电聚焦电泳对１７５匹中国纯血马幼驹进行了血红蛋白多态性的检测。结果发现该位点共有３种基因型,由２个等位基因Ｈｂ＾ＢＩ控制。基因型ＢⅡ和ＢⅠ／ＢⅠ的频率分别为０．６７４３,０．２８５７和０．０４００,其中纯合型ＢⅡ／ＢⅡ为优势基因型。基因频率Ｈｂ＾ＢＩ为０．８１７１,Ｈｂ＾ＢＩ为０．１８２９。通过计算得出该位点的个体识别概率为０．４６２和亲仔关系排除概率为０．１２７。     

补喂鞣花酸对1岁纯血马营养物质消化代谢和体重、体尺增加的影响

试验旨在研究给1岁纯血马补喂鞣花酸对其营养物质消化代谢和体重、体尺增长的影响，为鞣花酸在马属动物养殖中的应用提供参考依据。试验选择18匹1岁纯血马，随机分为3组，每组6匹，分别为对照组、试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组。在相同的饲养管理条件下，试验Ⅰ组每匹马补喂15 mg/kg·BW鞣花酸，试验Ⅱ组每匹马补喂30 mg/kg·BW鞣花酸，进行为期40 d补饲试验。试验0 d和40 d早晨空腹称量马匹体重，测定马匹体尺；试验第36～40 d采用全收粪收尿采集相关样品，用于测定马匹营养物质消化代谢相关指标。试验结果显示：1岁纯血马对日粮干物质（DM）、有机物（OM）、粗蛋白（CP）、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）、中性洗涤纤维（NDF）、钙（Ca）和磷（P）的消化率随着鞣花酸水平的增加呈增长趋势（P>0.05）；氮的沉积率随鞣花酸水平的增加而增加，其中试验Ⅱ组氮沉积量分别比对照组和试验Ⅰ组提高了30.24%和9.00%(P>0.05)；试验Ⅱ组钙代谢量分别比对照组和试验Ⅰ组提高了29.63%和22.77%(P>0.05)；试验Ⅱ组磷代谢率分别比对照组和试验Ⅰ组提高了24.09%和8.20%(P...     

利用微卫星标记对蒙古马和纯血马遗传多样性的研究

通过13个微卫星座位对蒙古马和纯血马两大品种的60匹马进行了遗传检测。用8％非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离PCR扩增产物，并用银染法显色。通过软件计算了各微卫星座位的等位基因频率、有效等位基因数(Ne)、多态信息含量(PIC)和杂合度(H)。结果13个座位中UCDEQ440变异最大，TKY16变异最小；纯血马的Ne、PIC和H的平均值均稍高于蒙古马；总群体的平均遗传分化系数是0．0429。这些研究将为今后我国培育优良品种马提供思路。     

微卫星DNA多态性及其在马匹品种登记中的应用

人类进行马的育种工作已经持续很多世纪 ,并育成了阿拉伯马 (Ａｒａｂ)、纯血马 (Ｔｈｏｒｏｕｇｈｂｒｅｄ)等著名品种。这些马种育成的成功经验之一就是进行严格的品种登记制度。最初品种登记是依靠马匹外貌特征 ,后来发展到借助血型、蛋白质和酶多态型来进行。近年来随着生物技术的发展 ,可以直接对编码蛋白质或酶的基因进行分析 ,因而基于ＤＮＡ水平的个体识别和亲仔鉴定的检测方法不断出现。其中最有效的方法之一就是以ＰＣＲ为基础的微卫星ＤＮＡ多态性检测技术。微卫星ＤＮＡ是一类以 2～ 6ｂｐ的短核苷酸序列为基本单位串联重复状散…     

马乳头瘤病毒7型的鉴定及遗传进化分析

乳头瘤病毒(Papillomaviruses, PVs)是一类入侵上皮细胞的病原体，可感染人、马等多种动物，已鉴定的马乳头瘤病毒(Equus caballus papillomavirus, EcPV)有9种，包括EcPV-1～9型，国内仅报道马携带EcPV-1。为调查EcPV在北疆地区纯血马中的流行情况，对北疆3个不同地区采集的242份纯血马鼻拭子和精液样品进行PCR检测，结果显示，在3份马匹精液样品中检出EcPV-7,阳性率为1.2%(3/242),提示该病毒可通过垂直传播。利用特异性引物PCR扩增得到其中1份阳性样品中EcPV-7的全基因组序列，并将该样品中的相应毒株命名为XJ-ZS1。同源性分析结果显示，鉴定的XJ-ZS1与瑞士EcPV-7参考株(登录号JX035935)全基因组中不同基因核苷酸序列同源性在98.9%～100%之间，氨基酸序列同源性在98.2%～100%之间，其中XJ-ZS1 L1基因与EcPV-7参考株L1基因核苷酸同源性为98.2%～98.9%,表明XJ-ZS1为EcPV-7新变异株。遗传进化分析结果表明，鉴定的XJ-ZS1与瑞士EcPV-7亲缘关系较近，处...     

初生马驹马流产沙门氏杆菌病的诊治

马流产沙门氏杆菌病是危害马匹严重的传染病之一。以妊娠母马突然发生流产,初生幼驹发生幼驹沙门氏杆菌病,日龄长的幼驹发生关节炎、滑液囊类等为特征。上述各病征总称为副伤寒。我场仅1971—1986年由马流产沙门氏杆菌所引起的初生幼驹的马流产沙门氏杆菌病(有的称之为幼驹脓毒败血症)达54匹,给养马业带来很大的损失,报告如下。流行病学调查一、一般情况:1971年至1986年共产     

杜洛克猪繁殖性状遗传参数估计及非遗传因素影响分析

为了对杜洛克猪繁殖性状进行遗传参数估计，并分析非遗传因素分娩季节及胎次对繁殖性状的影响，试验整理了陕西省某核心育种场2009—2020年杜洛克母猪繁殖性状数据，利用DMU软件估计各繁殖性状的遗传参数，结合R软件中aov函数对非遗传因素季节和胎次进行方差分析，研究遗传参数和非遗传因素对繁殖性状的影响。结果表明：杜洛克猪除妊娠周期为中等遗传力性状外，其余繁殖性状遗传力均在0.01～0.05之间，且总产仔数与产活仔数、健仔数、弱仔数、初生窝重之间为遗传正相关，妊娠周期与总产仔数、产活仔数、健仔数、死仔数、弱仔数、初生窝重之间呈遗传负相关。分娩胎次对杜洛克猪的总产仔数、产活仔数、健仔数、初生窝重、妊娠周期的影响达到极显著水平(P<0.01);而季节仅对死胎数、死仔数、妊娠周期3个性状具有极显著影响(P<0.01)。冬季损失的仔猪数最少，死仔数和死胎数显著低于春季、夏季、秋季(P<0.05),春季总产仔数、产活仔数、健仔数和初生窝重显著高于夏季、秋季、冬季(P<0.05),冬季妊娠周期显著长于春季、夏季、秋季(P<0.05)。分娩胎次为2胎次时的死胎数、死仔数、弱仔...     

马源人乳头瘤病毒18型的鉴定及遗传进化分析

为了解新疆地区马携带病毒的多样性,本研究采集新疆昌吉市和伊宁市30匹纯血马,147匹本土马粪便、鼻拭子和血清样品,采用高通量测序检测马携带病毒多样性。结果显示马粪便携带人乳头瘤病毒18型(HPV18)。根据GenBank中HPV18参考株E6基因序列,设计特异性引物,对样品进行PCR检测。结果显示20%(6/30)纯血马粪便样品携带HPV18,与其同场饲养的本土马粪便样品HPV18阳性率为12.7%(7/55),非同场饲养的本土马粪便样品HPV18阴性(0/92),表明马源HPV18可能是由纯血马携带的病毒。此外,马鼻拭子和血清样品中未检测到HPV18,表明该病毒可能仅存在于马肠道中,这也是本研究首次在动物肠道中检测到HPV18。马源HPV18 E6基因核苷酸和氨基酸序列与国外HPV18 E6基因与氨基酸序列同源性为99.6%～100%、100%,与我国HPV18 E6基因与氨基酸序列同源性为94.6%～97.3%、91.8%～96.8%,与马乳头瘤病毒E6基因与氨基酸序列同源性为35.8%～40.1%、14.6%～24.6%。遗传进化分析显示马源HPV18与国外HPV18亲缘关系较近,而与马乳头瘤病毒处于不同分支,表明马源HPV18可能是由纯血马携带的外来病毒。本研究首次鉴定了马源HPV18并对其E6氨基酸进行遗传进化分析,为HPV18的流行病学研究提供了参考依据。     

Parentage testing of Thoroughbred horse in Korea using microsatellite DNA typing

The present study was to construct a parentage testing system for Thoroughbred (TB) horse. A total number of 1,285 TB horse samples including 962 foals for parentage testing, 9 sires and 314 dams for individual identification were genotyped. Genomic DNA was extracted from 5 hair roots and genotyped by using 14 microsatellite markers (AHT4, AHT5, ASB2, ASB17, ASB23, CA425, HMS1, HMS3, HMS6, HMS7, HTG4, HTG10, LEX3 and VHL20). This method consisted of multiplexing PCR procedure and showed reasonable amplification of all PCR products. Genotypes were determined by genetic analyzer. The number of alleles per locus varied from 3 to 9 with a mean value of 6.36 in TB horse. The expected heterozygosity was ranged from 0.548 to 0.831 (mean 0.699), and the total exclusion probability of 14 microstellite loci was 0.9998. Of the 14 markers, ASB2, ASB17, ASB23, HMS7 and HTG10 loci have relatively high PIC value (> 0.7). Of the 962 foals, 960 foals were qualified by compatibility according to the Mendelism. These results suggest that the DNA typing method has high potential for parentage verification and individual identification of TB horses.     

利用微卫星标记鉴定德州驴亲子关系

试验旨在建立一套适用于德州驴亲子关系的鉴定体系。选取13个微卫星基因座作为标记,采集了53头德州驴血液样本,其中子代驴驹16头,候选父本13头,候选母本24头,用酚-仿法抽提血液基因组进行PCR扩增和基因扫描,并利用Peak Scanner Software v1.0软件读取基因型分型结果。对微卫星基因座的遗传多样性进行分析,利用似然法（Cervus 3.0软件）和排除法对个体间的亲子关系进行了鉴定。结果显示,13个微卫星基因座的平均等位基因数、平均观测杂合度（Ho）、平均期望杂合度（He）和平均多态信息含量（PIC）分别为6.846、0.689、0.671和0.625。期望杂合度与观测杂合度之差在0.002~0.088之间,差值较小。13个微卫星基因座的累计排除概率（EP）达到0.990以上。微卫星基因座具有高度多态性和较高的排除概率,适用于遗传分析和个体鉴定。利用Cervus 3.0软件基于似然法分析得到了16头子代驴驹的最似亲本,结合排除法对这16头驴驹及其最似亲本进行基因型比对,最终在53头德州驴中确定了11个亲子对。本试验建立了以13个微卫星位点作为核心标记,将似然法和排除法相结合作为主要分析方法的德州驴亲子关系鉴定体系,为育种工作提供参考资料。     

Serum lactoferrin and immunoglobulin G concentrations in healthy or ill neonatal foals and healthy adult horses

BACKGROUND: Lactoferrin is a colostral glycoprotein with antimicrobial properties. HYPOTHESES: (1) Serum lactoferrin and immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations are correlated and increase in healthy foals after ingestion of colostrum; (2) compared to healthy foals, ill foals will have lower lactoferrin concentrations that correlate with their IgG concentration, neutrophil count, the diagnosis of sepsis, and survival; and (3) plasma concentrations of lactoferrin will be less than serum concentrations. ANIMALS: Healthy foals (n = 16), mature horses (n = 10), and ill foals 1-4 days old (n = 111) that were examined for suspected sepsis were used for blood collection. Colostrum was obtained from 10 healthy mares unrelated to the foals. METHODS: Blood was obtained from the healthy foals at birth and 1-3 days of age and from the ill foals at admission. Serum IgG was quantified by single radial immunodiffusion (SRID). Lactoferrin concentrations in colostrum and blood were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay. The sepsis score, blood culture results, neutrophil counts, and survival were obtained on ill foals. RESULTS: The mean colostral lactoferrin concentration was 21.7 microg/mL. Compared to values at birth, serum IgG (18+/-2 versus 2,921+/-245 mg/dL, SEM) and lactoferrin (249+/-39 versus 445+/-63 ng/mL, SEM) concentrations were significantly greater in healthy foals 1-3 days old. Serum lactoferrin concentration in 1-3-day-old healthy foals was not different from mature horses or ill foals. IgG and lactoferrin concentrations were significantly correlated only in healthy foals. Serum lactoferrin concentrations were significantly lower in ill neutropenic foals. The serum IgG concentration was significantly lower in ill foals as compared to healthy foals. Only serum IgG was significantly less in ill foals with a positive sepsis score and in nonsurvivors, Plasma lactoferrin concentrations were lower than serum concentrations, although values were significantly correlated. CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Although both serum IgG and lactoferrin concentrations increase in healthy foals after ingestion of colostrum, only serum IgG is significantly correlated with the sepsis score and outcome.     

Evaluation of recent changes in genetic variability in Japanese thoroughbred population based on a short tandem repeat parentage panel

The integrity of thoroughbreds is maintained under strict regulation involving DNA parentage testing, which is robust in a population with high genetic variability. The genetic variability of the thoroughbred population is possibly fluctuating because of selective breeding that has focused on adaptations for racing performance. To monitor genetic variability within the population and the effectiveness of short tandem repeat (STR) parentage testing, we investigated allele frequencies and the exclusion probability (PE) of 16–17 loci of a parentage panel in the Japanese thoroughbred population over 15 years. Expected heterozygosities (He) of 14 loci indicated a decreasing trend, and the average He of the population decreased significantly. Low genetic variability was possibly induced by a decrease in population size and a selective breeding bias. Four loci showed both a significant increase in allele frequency and a significant decrease in He; it is assumed that those loci were affected by positive selection for racing performance. There was a significant decrease in the PE because of the changes in genetic variability; however, it has remained over 0.99995. The current STR panel is still effective for parentage control, but it will be necessary to continuously monitor genetic variability, which has decreased over 15 years.     

饲喂不同水平的精料补充料对6月龄伊犁马马驹消化代谢、血液生化指标及体增重的影响

本试验以6月龄伊犁马驹为试验动物,饲喂不同水平的精料补充料,通过全收粪、收尿法进行消化代谢试验,探究饲喂不同水平的精料补充料对6月龄伊犁马消化代谢、血液生化指标及体增重的影响,为6月龄伊犁马驹的科学饲喂提供依据。试验选用平均体重为(145.28±1.69) kg的6月龄断奶伊犁公马驹20匹,随机分为4组,每组5匹,分别为试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ及Ⅳ组,各组每匹马每天饲喂4 kg苜蓿干草,在此基础上分别饲喂精料补充料0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0 kg。进行20 d的消化代谢试验,其中预试期16 d,正试期4 d。结果表明,随精料补充料饲喂水平的增加6月龄伊犁马马驹对营养物质的摄入量,干物质、有机物、粗蛋白质、钙的消化量,以及消化能、代谢能、氮沉积率、钙沉积率均增加,对6月龄伊犁马马驹血浆中总蛋白、球蛋白、白蛋白及血液尿素氮含量均无显著影响(P > 0.05),但6月龄伊犁马马驹血液中球蛋白的含量有增加的趋势,血液中尿素氮的含量有降低的趋势;此外试验期内平均日增重随精料补充料饲喂水平的增加呈上升趋势。因此,增加6月龄伊犁马马驹精料补充料的饲喂水平可提高营养物质摄入量、消化率及沉积率,还可增强机体免疫能力、促进氮沉积并提高马驹的平均日增重。     

Equine respiratory viruses in foals in New Zealand

AIMS: To identify the respiratory viruses that are present among foals in New Zealand and to establish the age at which foals first become infected with these viruses. METHODS: Foals were recruited to the study in October/ November 1995 at the age of 1 month (Group A) or in March/ April 1996 at the age of 4-6 months (Groups B and C). Nasal swabs and blood samples were collected at monthly intervals. Nasal swabs and peripheral blood leucocytes (PBL) harvested from heparinised blood samples were used for virus isolation; serum harvested from whole-blood samples was used for serological testing for the presence of antibodies against equine herpesvirus (EHV)-1 or -4, equine rhinitis-A virus (ERAV), equine rhinitis-B virus (ERBV), equine adenovirus 1 (EAdV-1), equine arteritis virus (EAV), reovirus 3 and parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV3). Twelve foals were sampled until December 1996; the remaining 19 foals were lost from the study at various times prior to this date. RESULTS: The only viruses isolated were EHV-2 and EHV-5. EHV-2 was isolated from 155/157 PBL samples collected during the period of study and from 40/172 nasal swabs collected from 18 foals. All isolations from nasal swabs, except one, were made over a period of 2-4 months from January to April (Group A), March to April (Group B) or May to July (Group C). EHV-5 was isolated from either PBL, nasal swabs, or both, from 15 foals on 32 occasions. All foals were positive for antibodies to EHV-1 or EHV-4, as tested by serum neutralisation (SN), on at least one sampling occasion and all but one were positive for EHV-1 antibodies measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on at least one sampling occasion. Recent EHV-1 infection was evident at least once during the period of study in 18/23 (78%) foals for which at least two samples were collected. SN antibodies to ERBV were evident in 19/23 (83%) foals on at least one sampling occasion and 15/23 foals showed evidence of seroconversion to ERBV. Antibodies to ERAV were only detected in serum samples collected from foals in Group A and probably represented maternally-derived antibodies. Haemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titres 1:10 to EAdV-1were evident in 21/23 (91%) foals on at least one sampling occasion and 16/23 foals showed serological evidence of recent EAdV-1 infection. None of the 67 serum samples tested were positive for antibodies to EAV, reovirus 3 or PIV3. There was no clear association between infection with any of the viruses isolated or tested for and the presence of overt clinical signs of respiratory disease. CONCLUSIONS: There was serological and/or virological evidence that EHV-1, EHV-2, EHV-5, EAdV-1 and ERBV infections were present among foals in New Zealand. EHV-2 infection was first detected in foals as young as 3 months of age. The isolation of EHV-2 from nasal swabs preceded serological evidence of infection with other respiratory viruses, suggesting that EHV-2 may predispose foals to other viral infections.     

Increase of serum gamma-glutamyltransferase in neonatal Standardbred foals

Serial blood samples were obtained from 16 Standardbred foals from time of birth to postpartum day 28. Sera were obtained and analyzed for gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), aspartate transaminase, and immunoglobulin (Ig) G. Presuckle colostrum from the respective mares of these foals was analyzed for GGT activity. Mean serum aspartate transaminase activities were significantly increased above presuckle values by postpartum hour 48 (P less than 0.01) and increased gradually over the first 14 days. Mean serum IgG concentrations were significantly greater than presuckle values by 5 hours after foals first suckled (P less than 0.01) and remained significantly increased during the 28-day sampling period. Serum GGT activity did not differ significantly over the period sampled. The SD were large, since there was a large degree of interindividual variation. Serum GGT activity in the foals was significantly increased over that in the mares throughout the period of the study. The profile of serum GGT activity over time in each foal did not show a pattern of change. There was no postsuckle increase in serum GGT activity nor a correlation between serum GGT activities and IgG concentrations at 24 hours after foals first suckled. Evidence was not obtained to support a colostric source of GGT involved in the increase of serum GGT activity in foals. Serum GGT activity seems to be increased in foals due to endogenous sources.     

Experimentally induced cartilaginous fractures (osteochondritis dissecans) in foals fed low-copper diets

Four Thoroughbred foals were weaned from their dams when they were 1 day old and were fed a liquid milk-replacer diet containing approximately 1.7 micrograms of copper/g from plastic buckets for 4 to 7 months. They were kept in stalls with fiberglass walls and asphalt floors covered with rubber pads. Serum copper and zinc concentrations were determined 3 times/week by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and liver copper and zinc concentrations were determined similarly after acid digestion of tissues taken at necropsy. The amount of soluble collagen in articular cartilage and aortic tissue was determined after necropsy. Clinical signs of illness, particularly evidence of lameness, were monitored daily. The foals were weighed weekly, and growth rate was monitored by measurement of height at the withers. Packed cell volumes and total and differential WBC counts were measured each time blood was drawn for copper and zinc concentration determinations. The foals were examined by necropsy at the end of the experiment, and the tissues were examined histologically. The foals developed intermittent, but nondebilitating, diarrhea with the onset of low serum copper concentrations. Considering the totally liquid diet, the foals grew well. Serum copper concentrations decreased to less than 0.1 micrograms/ml in 13 to 16 weeks. Lameness was evident 2 to 6 weeks after serum copper concentrations decreased to their lowest value (less than 0.1 micrograms/ml). All foals developed stilted gaits and ultimately walked on the front of their hooves. Major hematologic changes and alterations of hair color were not evident. Soluble collagen of articular cartilage and aortic tissue increased from 340 to 600% greater than that of control foals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Effects of Different Levels of Concentrate Supplement on Nutrition Digestion and Metabolism,Blood Biochemical Indexes and Body Weight Gain in 6 Months Old Yili Foals

6 months old Yili foals were used as the experimental animal fed with different levels concentrate supplement to study the effects of fed with different levels concentrate supplement on digestion and metabolism,blood biochemical indexes and body weight gain by total feces and urine collection method,provide evidence for 6 months old Yili foals feeding.According to similar weight,20 weaned 6 months old Yili foals (all males) whose average weight was (145.28±1.69)kg were randomly divided into 4 groups named groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ,each group of 5 weaned Yili foals(all males).All Yili foals were fed with alfalfa 4 kg/d,basised on this,groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were fed with 0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0 kg/d concentrate supplement.20 d digestion and metabolism experiment,comprised 16 d adaptation and 4 d collection.The results showed that as the amount of concentrate supplement feeding increased,nutrition intake,amount of nutrient digestion of DM,OM,CP,Ca,DE,ME,retention rate of N,Ca increased.There were no significant effects on the content of TP,GLB,ALB,and BUN in plasma of 6 months old Yili foals(P > 0.05),but the content of TP,GLB in plasma showed an increased trend,the concentration of BUN in plasma showed a decreased trend.The ADG of 6 months old Yili foals was gradually increased as the amount of concentrate supplement feeding increased.Therefore,increasing amount of concentrate supplement feeding of 6 months old Yili foals could increase the nutrient intake,digestion rate and retention rate,also could strengthen the body's immune ability,improved nitrogen deposition and the average daily gain.