解读犬患病的信号

腹泻、便秘、便血、掉毛、脱皮、瘙痒、咳嗽、打喷嚏、咬尾巴、双后肢失去知觉、流口水、蹭屁股、瘸腿、多饮多尿、无尿、不吃不喝、喘、腹胀、消瘦和肥胖等是犬常见的临床异常病症,作为犬的主人,应当了解这方面的知识,出现异常情况时及时治疗。     

诚实守信意执着 锐意创新金辉人

金辉蜂产品公司始创于1992年,经历13年的发展。公司从无到有、从小到大、从弱到强。我们始终坚持“改革创新、强化管理、质量过硬、诚实守信”的原则,以“一流的质量、一流的信誉、一流的服务”为宗旨,以“一真、二纯、三鲜”为目标,创造的金辉品牌已逐步赢得了社会各界的认可和广大消费者的青睐。公司生产蜂蜜、蜂王浆、蜂花粉、蜂胶、蜂具、蜂药、山野菜、木耳、蘑菇、人参和鹿产品10大系列200余种产品,集公司、协会、研究所、商店为一体,提供产品和蜂具加工、销售一条龙服务,共有生产车间4个,职工40余名。公司已实现产、供、销一条龙,科…     

毛皮动物养殖业前景分析

(一)毛皮动物养殖业概况 人工饲养的毛皮动物主要有水貂、狐狸、貉、紫貂、獭兔、海狸鼠、麝鼠、毛丝鼠等等.目前,世界水貂皮的年产量在3550万张左右,主产国家依次为丹麦、芬兰、荷兰、美国、俄罗斯、中国.我国的产量估计为600万张,占世界总产量16.9%.狐狸皮的世界产量目前大约在500万张,主产国家依次为芬兰、挪威、俄罗斯、丹麦、中国.     

中国奶业协会贯彻落实（国办发明电[2005]24号）座谈会纪要

为了贯彻落实《国务院办公厅关于加强液态奶生产经营管理的通知》[国办发明电（2005）24号]（以下称“通知”），中国奶业协会于2005年9月27日在北京召开了各省、市、自治区、计划单列市奶（乳）业协会主要负责人座谈会，参加会议的有北京、上海、天津、重庆、黑龙江、河北、山西、内蒙古、辽宁、吉林、江苏、安徽、山东、河南、湖北、广东、四川、云南、陕西、宁夏、新疆、福建、湖南、广西、浙江、深圳、大连等奶业协会的代表，对“通知”进行了深入学习，并就如何贯彻落实“通知”精神达成了一致意见。纪要如下：     

施肥对白三叶生长发育和种子生产的影响

氮、磷、钾是白三叶生长发育的主要营养元素,硼、钼、锌、铜是白三叶生长发育必需的微量营养元素.本文对氮、磷、钾.硼、钼、锌、铜营养元素对白三叶生长发育和种子生产的影响进行了综述.     

缤纷浪漫之岛 警犬为你守护——海南省公安厅警犬安保掠影

位于中国大陆最南端的海南省，气候宜人、空气清新、阳光和煦、湛蓝的海水、细柔的沙滩、美味的海鲜、风情万种的少数民族吸引着海内外游客。近年来，各种高规格、大型活动接连不断。来自世界各国的政要、商贾、游客云集至此，与海南人民共同奏响繁荣、稳定、和谐乐章。     

阿拉善双峰驼驼乳蛋白中氨基酸的含量变化及营养价值研究

本文研究了10峰阿拉善双峰驼第1次分娩后不同泌乳时间驼乳中氨基酸的含量。第1次所挤驼乳的蛋白质中Thr、Val、Met、Ile、Leu、Phe和Lys等必需氨基酸的含量分别为6．50、6．52、2．10、4．05、7．94、4．38和7．40g／100g，90天时驼乳蛋白质中相应的值分别为4．52、6．20、3．16、5．61、9，48、4．73和7．75g／100g。第1次所挤驼乳的蛋白质中Asp．Ser．Gly．Ala．Arg、Glu、Cys、Tyr和Pro的含量分别为8，39、6，01、3．48、3．76、4．94、17．66、0．40、4.75和7．64g／100g，90天时驼乳蛋白质中相应的值分别为7．15、4．65、1．50、2．46、4．11、21．27、1．08、3．96和7．68g／100g。驼乳蛋白质中的必需氨基酸构成和FAO／WHO的推荐值十分接近，驼乳蛋白质对人体具有很高的营养价值。     

养鸡常用的中药方剂及注意事项

1分类食欲调节剂主要由消食、理气、健脾等药物组成,具有调节、促进消化的作用,提高饲料的利用效率。苦味调节剂有陈皮、厚朴、青皮、黄柏、苦参、蒲公英,芳香调节剂有茴香、石菖蒲、枳壳、苍术、香附,辛辣调节剂有辣椒、芥子,消化调节剂有山楂、麦芽、神曲。新陈代谢调节剂主要由滋阴壮阳、补气、补血等药物组成,可增强内分泌功能,促进新陈代谢的效果。有黄芪、刺五加、苍术、枸杞叶、淫羊霍、何首乌等。抑菌杀虫剂主要由清热解毒药物组成,具有抑     

肉牛育肥的关键技术

<正>1选购架子牛1.1品种要选择肉用、肉乳兼用等优良品种的杂交后代,如夏洛莱、西门塔尔、利木赞、皮埃蒙特等与当地黄牛的杂交种最好。选购的牛要健康无病,体型发育良好。选择精神状态良好、鼻镜湿润、双目明亮有神、被毛光亮、皮肤富有弹性、口大而方、反刍正常、采食量大、胸宽深、身躯长、四肢粗壮、大骨架的牛。     

2012年四川省早春蜂业生产情况与油菜蜜价格预测

<正>四川省地处我国西南部,交通便利,并且冬暖春早,蜜源丰富,是我国重要的蜂产品生产地。另外,从四川周边来看,向北的宁夏、陕西、甘肃和山西有油菜、洋槐、枣花、荆条、枸杞、荞麦、草木樨等蜜源;向东的河南、湖北、江西有槐花、枣花、油菜等蜜源;向西的青海、新疆有油菜、棉花蜜源;向南的贵州、云南、广西、海南有龙眼、荔枝、油菜、桉树、野坝子等蜜源,一年四季花期更替不穷。这些都是最佳越冬春繁的放蜂场地,因此,四川省当地农户有着悠久的养蜂传统,专职蜂     

单链抗体在小分子化学物质残留检测中的研究进展

兽药、农药及生物毒素等小分子化学物质在食品、饲料或水体中的过量残留对人、动物的健康及生态环境的平衡造成一定程度的危害,因此建立一种针对上述小分子化学物质残留的快速检测方法十分必要。以抗原抗体特异性结合为基础的免疫分析技术是残留检测的常用手段,该技术的关键是制备可用来检测特异性抗原的抗体。随着对抗体结构的解析及重组DNA技术的发展,单链抗体为小分子化学物质的残留检测提供了新的技术手段。单链抗体具有分子质量小、免疫原性低、可塑性强、可批量生产等优点,具有广阔的发展空间。近年来,以单链抗体为基础建立的酶联免疫吸附法检测小分子化学物质的残留检测成为最常用的分析工具,且单链抗体的筛选策略、表达策略、突变策略及与碱性磷酸酶形成的融合蛋白等进一步提高了抗体产量、灵敏度、广谱性,并使免疫分析方法简便化,从而推进单链抗体免疫分析方法在小分子化学物质残留检测的应用。作者综述了以单链抗体为基础的免疫分析方法在兽药、农药及生物毒素等小分子化学物质方面的研究进展,以期为小分子化学物质残留检测提供参考。     

微生物技术在秸秆饲料中的应用

作物秸秆是农业生产系统中一项重要的生物资源,由于秸秆本身的难降解性和当前处理秸秆的技术水平有限,目前存在秸秆过剩问题。如何合理利用好秸秆资源是现代农业面临的难题。本文从农作物秸秆成分及其化学结构,降解秸秆的微生物种类,微生物降解秸秆的过程,利用微生物处理秸秆的方法,微生物发酵秸秆类饲料的应用效果,微生物发酵农作物秸秆生...     

Residues of Sulfadimidine/Sulfanilamide and Sulfamethoxypyridazine in Sheep Tissue

Following treatment of sheep with different sulfonamides, residues in kidney, liver, and muscle have been determined by microbiological and chemical methods. By the microbiological method residues could be detected in kidney until the third day after the combined treatment with sulfadimidine/sulfanilamide. Using the chemical method, residues of about 3.80 p.p.m. could be found that day in kidney, while the concentrations in liver and muscle were about 1.90 and 1.20 p.p.m., respectively. On the eighth day after the last treatment traces of the medicine could be found in kidney, liver and muscle by using the chemical method.Residues of sulfamethoxypyridazine could be detected micro-biologically in kidney the second day after the last administration of the drug. The concentration at that time in kidney, liver and muscle determined by chemical analyses was about 4.66, 2.45 and 1.23 p.p.m., respectively. Traces of sulfamethoxypyridazine in kidney, liver and muscle could also be detected on the eighth day after the last medication.Considering altered metabolic rates of sick animals and variations in excretion rates between individuals of the same species, as well as variation in size of the doses applied, a 10 day withdrawal period for sulfonamides is proposed.     

Food safety and residues in Australian agricultural produce

SUMMARY A brief history of food safety in Australia in the context of the development of scientific knowledge is presented. Australia's food and food commodity residue and contamination surveillance and monitoring programs are outlined. Although chemical residues are perceived as a major health risk by the general community, the risk of food causing illness or death because of chemical residues is low. The major threat to human health from food is microbiological contamination, in terms of deaths, sickness and economic loss. The emerging influences in food safety are scientific and technical developments, deregulation, social and demographic factors, and the media. The risk of disruption of domestic and export markets by food safety issues is considerable. The emergence of international standards for food production and processing will enable commercial contractual arrangements to minimise the frequency of disruptive food safety incidents.     

Cloning and Bioinformatics Analysis of MARK2 and CREB5 Genes in Cattle

This research aimed to clone and analyze the biological characteristics of MARK2 and CREB5 genes in cattle.In the GenBank database,MARK2 and CREB5 genes of human were chosen to blast and expressed sequence tags (ESTs) of cattle were got.Specific primers were designed and RT-PCR was used to clone the cDNA sequence from the scapula muscle of cattle with vacancy parts making up,and then MARK2 and CREB5 genes were successfully cloned.The results showed that MARK2 gene coding region was 2 076 bp,which encoded 691 amino acids.CREB5 gene coding region was 1 527 bp,which encoded 508 amino acids.The physical and chemical properties of protein prediction showed that MARK2 and CREB5 proteins were hydrophilic protein;The phosphorylation sites in threonine (Thr),serine (Ser) and tyrosine (Tyr) residues;The secondary structure of MARK2 and CREB5 proteins were maily composed of random coil and layed a foundation for the tertiary structure;Protein subcellular localization prediction showed that MARK2 and CREB5 proteins did not belong to the secretory protein;MARK2 protein contained a S_TKc domain and an UBA function structure,CREB5 protein contained a ZnF_C2H2 function structure,a BRLZ function structure and five low complexity regions and MARK2 and CREB5 proteins had no transmembrane structure.     

牛MARK2、CREB5基因的克隆和生物信息学分析

试验旨在对牛MARK2、CREB5基因进行克隆和生物信息学分析.首先在GenBank数据库中利用人MARK2和CREB5基因序列比对获得牛的表达序列标签(ESTs)的序列,进行引物设计并利用RT-PCR方法从牛肩胛骨肌肉中克隆出MARK2和CREB5基因的cDNA序列,补足空缺部分,最终获得牛MARK2和CREB5基因.通过对牛MARK2和CREB5基因的生物学特性进行分析可知:牛MARK2基因的编码区长为2 076 bp,编码691个氨基酸,CREB5基因的编码区长1 527 bp,编码508个氨基酸;经蛋白质理化性质预测MARK2和CREB5蛋白均为亲水性蛋白;MARK2和CREB5蛋白的磷酸化位点均分布于苏氨酸(Thr)、丝氨酸(Ser)和酪氨酸(Tyr)残基上;MARK2蛋白与CREB5蛋白的二级结构预测以无规则卷曲为主;亚细胞定位预测MARK2蛋白主要分布在细胞质中,CREB5蛋白主要分布在细胞核中,两者均不属于分泌型蛋白;MARK2蛋白保守结构域预测含1个S_TKc和1个UBA功能结构域,CREB5蛋白保守结构域预测含有1个ZnF_C2H2、1个BRLZ功能结构域和5个低复杂度区域且二者均不具有跨膜结构.     

狄斯瓦螨生物学及生物防治研究进展

狄斯瓦螨是蜜蜂的一种外寄生螨,它的原始寄主是东方蜜蜂,在经过寄主转移后,成为危害世界养蜂业最大的病虫害。目前化学杀螨剂以其高效、方便的优点被人们广泛应用,但药物残留和抗药性等弊端越来越突出。因此,通过深入对狄斯瓦螨的危害、分类及生物学特性等方面的基础研究,加快开发各种生物防治技术是十分必要的。本文就瓦螨的分类地位、生物学特性及雄蜂脾诱杀、撒糖粉和真菌三个重要的生物防治方法的研究进展进行了简要介绍,并对其研究前景进行了展望。     

USDA regulation of residues in meat and poultry products

The National Residue Program conducted by the Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) of the USDA includes a comprehensive testing program for residues of pesticides, drugs and other chemical contaminants in meat and poultry. Prevention strategies encourage producers to adopt quality control measures in their production management to prevent illegal residues in food. These activities have been effective in reducing the occurrence of violative residues and the potential for adverse health effects. Overall, the number of domestic monitoring samples containing violative residues is low-about 1% of samples tested. Violative residues are found less frequently in poultry than in livestock. More occur in swine than in other species; the least number occur in fed cattle and broilers. Testing results over the last 10 yr show that most drugs and pesticides used to enhance agricultural productivity are not causing a residue problem in meat and poultry. However, the FSIS cannot be complacent about its program achievements. Unacceptably high incidences of violative residues of certain drugs, namely, sulfonamides and antibiotics, still occur in particular production classes. For example, the incidence of violative sulfonamide residues in liver samples from swine slaughtered in 1985 was about 6%, with significant differences between geographical areas. An estimated 2.5% of market hogs had violative sulfamethazine residues in the muscle tissue. The FSIS is taking steps to correct this and other residue problems by strengthening the link between residue detection and enforcement and by expanding its analytical capability to monitor for residues.     

不同醋糟施量对碱地风毛菊生长及土壤化学性质的影响

通过对盐碱化草地土壤施用0(CK),100,300,500和700 g·kg^-1土壤的醋糟,并分析碱地风毛菊(Saussurea runcinata)的生长及种植前后土壤性质的变化,以探讨醋糟对盐碱土壤的改良效果.结果表明:施用醋糟提高了碱地风毛菊的生长特性,并降低了盐碱土壤pH,ESP及CO₃^2-和HCO₃^-含量,增加了Na⁺,K⁺,Ca²⁺,Mg²⁺,Cl^-和SO₄^2-含量.因此,醋糟可以作为改良盐碱地的优良材料.     

Foreign substances in the meat and organs of bulls and pigs fed with pastes made from household and food industry waste in addition to pastes made from poultry droppings

The residues of antimicrobial substances, some chlorinated and organophosphate pesticides and chemical elements were studied in the meat and organs of a group of bulls fed food-waste paste for 240 days and a group of bulls fed the same paste with an addition of poultry waste. These residues were also studied in the tissues of pigs fed the food-waste paste for 135 and 151 days until slaughter. The feed ingredients were also examined during the feeding trials. Although some of the residues under study were found in the tissues of the test animals at increased amounts, their concentrations were diluted in the tissues in the majority of cases when the feed pastes were administered. All residue contents recorded in the tissues remained below the permissible limits as given in valid instructions and directives so that the products, i. e. meat and organs, could be deemed digestible on the basis of hygienic evaluation. Hence, from the point of view of the occurrence of residues of foreign substances in edible tissues, the administration of food-waste pastes to farm animals can be considered as admissible.