犊牛腹泻病的诊治与预防措施

犊牛腹泻是犊牛多发的一种肠胃疾病,对犊牛的正常生长发育有很大的影响,危害严重时甚至会导致犊牛的直接死亡,常常给养殖户造成巨大的经济损失.所以,做好犊牛腹泻疾病的相关研究,制定出科学合理的预防及治疗方案,是当前养牛业的重点工作之一.基于此,文章主要介绍了犊牛腹泻病的诊治,并提出相应的预防措施,以供参考.     

一例犊牛腹泻病的诊治

<正>1发病情况2007年3月,河北省张家口市养牛户杨某饲养的10头奶牛,其中3头犊牛发生腹泻。有一头犊牛在5日龄时发生,患病犊牛初期表现体温升高至41.5℃,精神沉     

犊牛腹泻病的诊治

犊牛腹泻是常见病之一,四季均有发病,其发病较快,腹泻2～3日后即出现极度虚弱,最终以严重脱水和自体酸中毒而死亡.     

中西医结合诊治犊牛传染性腹泻病

近年来在我市各养奶牛户中,出现多年未见的犊牛腹泻,不少畜牧兽医工作者,经过各种检验实验证实,认为是一种初生犊牛传染性腹泻(犊牛大肠杆菌病).根据我省兽医卫生检验室化验报告结果,分别从肝、脾、肠分离出致病性大肠杆菌.其特点是发病在初生后1至3天,发病率高,发病急,死亡率高.各种西药治疗效果较差,为此在临床上应用中草药对初生腹泻犊牛进行试验治疗,收到满意效果.特予报告,供同行借鉴.     

犊牛腹泻病的临床诊治

犊牛腹泻是当前奶牛的多发病之一，也是严重危害奶牛生产，给畜牧业带来较大经济损失的疾病。该病主要症状为腹泻，由于肠蠕动亢进，肠内吸收不全或吸收困难，致使肠内容物与多量水分被排出体外，粪便呈稀汤或水样，很快脱水、酸中毒，死亡较快。我们于2002～2008年间共诊治犊牛腹泻56例，其中出生后3～10日龄发病23例，占总发病率的41％；11～30日龄发病24例，占总发病率的43％；1个月以上发病9例，占总发病率的16％。治愈51例，治愈率91％；死亡5例，死亡率9％。     

犊牛腹泻病应这样治

<正>犊牛腹泻是初生犊牛常见病之一,其特征是消化不良和腹泻。发病率较高,危害大,如临床诊治不当,会造成犊牛生长发育受阻,也极易导致死亡。     

犊牛腹泻病可以这样治

<正>1发病情况河北省南和县三召乡养牛户王某饲养的35头犊牛中有18头椟牛发生本病,经多方诊治无效。遂于2007年2月27日来邢台市兽医院诊治。经治疗,除一头较严重的死亡外,     

中西医结合诊治犊牛传染性腹泻病

近年来在我区各养奶牛户中，出现多年未见的犊牛腹泻，不少畜牧兽医工作者经过各种检验实践证实，认为是一种初生犊牛传染性腹泻病（犊牛大肠杆菌病）．根据我区畜牧兽医卫生检验室化验报告结果，分别从肝、脾、肠分离出致病性大肠杆菌。其特点是发病在出生后1-3天，发病率高，发病急，死亡率高，各种西药治疗效果较差，为此，在临床上应用中草药对初生腹泻犊牛进行试验治疗，收到满意效果。     

浅谈犊牛腹泻病的诊治

由于犊牛生长育不全,机体抵抗力弱,一旦出现腹泻,诊治不及时就会出现死亡现象,给养殖者带来不可估量的损失,本文以病例方式对有关犊牛腹泻如何诊断和预防做一下简单的介绍,供有关人员参考。1病例某牛场饲养42头牛,其中母牛2头,3月龄犊牛2头,犊牛分散于两个牛舍内由不同的饲养员进行饲养,2014年3月20日,2头犊牛先后出现腹泻症状,经本人指点治疗,一头犊牛康复,另一头死亡。     

犊牛腹泻病的诊治与预防措施

犊牛腹泻是犊牛常见的一种消化系统疾病,对犊牛的生长发育、成活等有很大的影响.找出奶牛养殖场犊牛腹泻的病因,并根据实际情况制定出适合的预防及治疗方案,可大大降低犊牛腹泻的发病率,减少养殖场损失.本文主要通过加强饲养管理、改善犊牛舍环境等措施,来减少其发病率和死亡率.     

犊牛腹泻的原因及治疗

随着康乐县产业扶贫到户项目的实施,参与农户、肉牛养殖数量不断增加,牛的各种疾病发生率也在不断上升,如犊牛腹泻的病例呈上升趋势,死亡率较高,该病是造成犊牛生长发育不良和死亡的主要疾病之一。     

Pathophysiology of neonatal calf diarrhea

Neonatal calf diarrhea caused by bacterial enterotoxins, bacterial or parasitic-induced inflammation, or virus-induced villous atrophy leads to intestinal hypersecretion, malabsorption, or both. Mechanisms of secretion and malabsorption differ depending on the agent, suggesting that different modes of treatment must be employed to be effective. Currently, oral rehydration solutions and the pharmacologic blockade of secretory processes are being evaluated in these various diseases.     

Hemagglutination by calf diarrhea coronavirus

The virus was grown in BEK-1 cells, a stable cell line from bovine embryo kidney, and tested for hemagglutination (HA) with erythrocytes of a variety of species at 4°C, room temperature and 37°C. HA was observed at all temperatures with chicken, mouse, rat, and hamster erythrocytes but not with erthyrocytes of human (O), cattle, horses, sheep, guinea pigs, geese, ducks, pigeons and 1-day-old chicks. Chickens showed an individual variation in agglutinability of their erythrocytes, requiring selection of birds to obtain erythrocytes for HA. HA reaction was inhibited by specific antiserum. Some factors involved in HA and HA inhibition (HI) were investigated and standard HA and HI tests were worked out.     

Neonatal calf diarrhea induced by rotavirus

This presentation summarizes the results of a comprehensive study on rotaviruses isolated in Italy from calves and rabbits affected by neonatal diarrhea. The results clearly indicated that rotavirus infection is widespread and supported the evidence for an etiologic role of these viruses in neonatal diarrhea. The evidence of differences in virulence among bovine rotaviruses appeared also to be confirmed. Conventionally reared calves were fully susceptible to the experimental infection induced by three rotaviruses originating from heterologous hosts, i.e. monkeys, pigs and rabbits, respectively. When rotavirus strains of bovine, simian, porcine and rabbit origin were compared by cross neutralization tests, it was found the simian and porcine strains were indistinguishable and both appeared to relate antigenically to the bovine strain. On the other hand, a reciprocal antigenic correlation was found between bovine and rabbit isolates. Finally, it was proven that feeding newborn calves with colostrum of their dams, previously vaccinated with an inactivated rotavirus vaccine, could prevent the neonatal diarrhea from occurring.     

Bovine viral diarrhea in a newborn calf

Bovine viral diarrhea virus was believed to be the cause of ill-thrift since birth, resulting in death of a Holstein calf. Bovine viral diarrhea virus was isolated from Peyer's patches and mesenteric lymph nodes, but serum neutralizing antibodies were not detected. The lymphoid depletion and myeloid suppression seen in this case may be a factor in the immune system dysfunction described for bovine viral diarrhea. Typical ulcerative lesions within the alimentary tract were not observed.     

Cryptosporidium infection as a cause of calf diarrhea

Cryptosporidiosis is a self-limiting protozoal disease of the intestinal tract. Although identified as possible agents of calf diarrhea less than 15 years ago, Cryptosporidium spp. are now believed to be common in calves and in many other host animal species worldwide. Recent literature on all aspects of cryptosporidiosis in calves is reviewed, predicaments in diagnosis and management are discussed, and public health concerns are raised.     

Antimicrobial use in the treatment of calf diarrhea

Calves with diarrhea often have small intestinal overgrowth with Escherichia coli bacteria, regardless of the inciting cause for the diarrhea, and 30% of systemically ill calves with diarrhea have bacteremia, predominantly because of E coli. Antimicrobial treatment of diarrheic calves should therefore be focused against E coli in the small intestine and blood, the 2 sites of infection. Fecal bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing is not recommended in calves with diarrhea because fecal bacterial populations do not accurately reflect small intestinal or blood bacterial populations and because the break points for susceptibility test results have not been validated. Antimicrobial efficacy is therefore best evaluated by the clinical response of a number of calves to treatment, with calves randomly assigned to treatment groups. Amoxicillin, chlortetracycline, neomycin, oxytetracycline, streptomycin, sulfachloropyridazine, sulfamethazine, and tetracycline administered PO are currently labeled in the United States for the treatment of calf diarrhea. On the basis of published evidence for the oral administration of these antimicrobial agents, only amoxicillin can be recommended for the treatment of diarrhea. Dosage recommendations are amoxicillin trihydrate (10 mg/kg PO q12h) or amoxicillin trihydrate-clavulanate potassium (12.5 mg combined drug/kg PO q12h) for at least 3 days; the latter constitutes extra-label drug use. Parenteral administration of broad-spectrum beta-lactam antimicrobials--ceftiofur (2.2 mg/kg IM or SC q12h) and amoxicillin or ampicillin (10 mg/kg IM q12h)--or potentiated sulfonamides (25 mg/kg IV or IM q24h) is recommended for treating calves with diarrhea and systemic illness; both constitute extra-label drug use. In calves with diarrhea and no systemic illness (normal appetite for milk, no fever), it is recommended that the health of the calf be monitored and that oral or parenteral antimicrobials not be administered.