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韩国东方蜜蜂养蜂场考察纪行 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
很早就知道韩国人喜欢饲养东方蜜蜂,据说全国有养蜂者4万户,其中西蜂饲养者2.2万户,东方蜜蜂饲养者1.8万户;全国饲养蜜蜂120万群,其中西方蜜蜂90万群,东方蜜蜂30万群,东方蜜蜂占蜂群总数的25%。过去来韩访问曾在远处见过东方蜜蜂蜂场,为我们留下了深刻的印象。这次…… 相似文献
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为了深入了解城市饲养中华蜜蜂的生物学,借助蜜蜂智能监控设备,对某城市养殖的1箱中华蜜蜂实行24 h监控,并将获得的371 d、共1 8 891条记录,包括箱内温度、湿度、蜂箱重量、蜜蜂进出量、声音频率和声音强度,进行数据汇总分析。结果显示:蜜蜂的最大日出入量为135 432,最低为0,平均日出入量为20 459±1 334。蜜蜂每日9:00和1 5:00出现2个出勤峰值。蜂箱湿度最高为1 00%、最低28%,平均77.8%±1 2.2%;蜂箱内最高气温为40℃、最低气温为6.8℃,平均气温为(25.8±6.9)℃,蜂箱内的温度变化相对于外界温度变化幅度要窄,蜂箱内每日温度最高峰值在23:00左右;蜂箱净重在第5、8和11个月出现3个峰,蜂箱净重增减与气候、花源、蜜蜂的群势有直接的关系;声音最高值为483 dB,最低值为20 dB,平均值为(83.6±39) dB;频率的最高值为400 Hz,最低值为300 Hz,平均值为(347±29) Hz;日声音的最低值出现在4:00,2:00、1 4:00和23:00出现3个小峰值,日频率在1:00和23:00出现2个峰值。该数据的提供,为下一步... 相似文献
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胡蜂对蜜蜂采集行为影响的实验研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
选择云南高原温带型东方蜜蜂和云南低海拔热带型东方蜜蜂各2群,在蜂箱门口用活体黑盾胡蜂(Vespa Velutina)干扰蜜蜂采集活动,干扰的时间分别为3 min,6 min和12 min.每分钟为一计数单位,记录蜜蜂采集蜂飞出的数量.结果发现蜜蜂采集蜂飞出的数量随干扰时间的增加而明显下降,干扰的时间越长,蜜蜂采集蜂恢复到正常数量的时间就越长;高原温带型东方蜜蜂和低海拔热带型东方蜜蜂在胡蜂干扰时,在数量变化上有明显的差异,后者对胡蜂的干扰比前者更为敏感(P<0.05). 相似文献
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如同施肥在作物栽培中具有重要作用那样,饲喂在动物家养中起着关键作用。因为只有对其饲之,才能将其养之。蜜蜂饲养也同样,除需配备适宜的蜂箱外,还要进行饲喂。因此,人工饲喂与“活框蜂箱”,便成为现代家养蜜蜂的两个基本前提。蜜蜂饲喂包括了蜜(糖)饲喂、花粉饲喂和其他一些物质的饲喂。其中,蜜(糖)饲喂最为基本而常用。本文就此问题进行讨论。模仿西方蜜蜂饲养的东方蜜蜂现代饲养,在走过了简单套用西蜂蜂箱的弯路之后,经我国养蜂工作者的不懈努力,中蜂适用箱的问题似已基本解决。种种迹象表明:照搬套用意蜂蜜(糖)饲喂模式于中蜂,是招致中… 相似文献
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东方蜜蜂广泛分布于亚洲大陆的中部、东部及南部,亚洲各国采用本国传统方法饲养东方蜜蜂的历史源远流长.蜂箱是蜂业生产中最为关键的用具. 相似文献
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要激励蜂王早产卵,提前繁殖,以增强蜜蜂的群势,提高蜂蜜产量,关键是搞好蜜蜂的早春饲养。但是,有的蜂场和养蜂户,上年采集的天然花粉不足,不能满足早春饲喂蜜蜂的需要。为了解决这一问题,可以配制和使用人工花粉。配制人工花粉的原料及配比为:豆饼粉(将豆饼用粉碎机粉碎后,以100目的筛子过筛)占60 %,也可掺入少量玉米粉;酵母占30 %;牛奶粉占5 % ;鱼粉占2 %;食盐占0.5 % ;维生素和矿物质占2.5 %。配制成人工花粉后,具有与天然花粉相似的成分。对这种人工花粉的饲用方法,主要有三种:一是将… 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献