共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
瑞光3号油桃大棚栽培条件下花果发育动态研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对大棚瑞光3号油桃高密度栽培条件下花器官和果实发育过程进行的调查结果表明.瑞光3号油桃花器官分为四种类型,其中不完全花的比例仅占10.13%,不完全花比例和果枝类型有关.中长果枝比例稍高.短果枝和花束状果枝稍低。在大棚栽培条件下.其花期、果实发育期均较露地栽培有所延长.自然坐果率为15%~30%,且不同果枝坐果率不同,长、中果枝坐果率较高,短果枝较低。瑞光3号油桃果实发育分为三个时期,第一速长期(幼果期)、硬核期和第二速长期(果实膨大期至戏熟)。根据瑞光3号油桃在大棚内的开花结果习性,生产上应注意人工授粉、加强修剪和肥水管理,提高树体营养水平.同时作好大棚内温度、湿度的控制。 相似文献
5.
日光温室凯特杏花器官和果实发育动态观察 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:6
对日光温室内凯特杏的花器官和果实发育过程进行了系统的调查。结果表明,凯特杏花器官有4种类型,其中不完全花占57%,不完全花比例受果枝类型所影响。中长果枝比例高,短果枝比例较低,在日光温室内,凯特杏花期、果实发育期较露地栽培均有所延长。其坐果率为7.4%,且不同果枝类型坐果率不同,短果枝较高,中长果枝较低。凯特杏的果实发育分为3个时期。第1次速长期、硬核期和第2次速长期,根据凯特杏在日光温室内的开花结果习性,生产上应注意提高树体营养水平。加强前期坐果及后期果实速长期的管理。 相似文献
6.
7.
初果期红富士苹果树管理技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
初果期(4~6年生)红富士苹果树由幼树期以营养生长为主,开始转向营养生长与生殖生长并重,由幼树期的只长条,到具有孕花能力,开始坐果。而此期由于花量少,营养生长仍占有优势,树势偏旺盛;另外此期树冠在继续扩大,占领空间,扩大营养面积,因此树体管理仍是主要内容j初果期树的管理,应顺应其生长特点,对症落实管理措施,确保长树结果两不误。根据生产经验,现将初果期红富士苹果树管理的技术措施总结如下。 相似文献
8.
9.
新疆干旱区骏枣丰产栽培技术研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
2006~2007年对干旱区栽植的骏枣进行丰产栽培技术研究试验.结果表明:5月中下旬以N肥为主施1次追肥,可补充树体所需的营养,为开花坐果奠定基础;5月中旬~7月中旬对枣头连续进行摘心短截,可控制营养生长,促进生殖生长;5月下旬进行环剥,有效控制树体旺长,提高坐果率和一级果率,环剥适宜宽度为0.6 cm;在花期喷2~3次清水和赤霉素,提高空气湿度,提高产量,赤霉素使用适宜浓度为10~20 mg/L;花期放蜂有效提高坐果率,枣树距蜂箱越近,效果越好. 相似文献
10.
11.
M. Agustí V. Almela M. Juan C. Mesejo A. Martinez-Fuentes 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(4):554-558
SummaryThe influence of three rootstocks, Carrizo citrange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb. × Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.), Cleopatra mandarin (Citrus reshni Hort. ex Tanaka) and sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.) on the incidence and severity of rind breakdown in ‘Navelate’ sweet oranges was studied over seven years in four orchards. The proportion of affected fruit was greater in trees on Carrizo citrange (60% on an average) followed by Cleopatra mandarin (38%) and then on sour orange (9%). There were also significant differences in the severity of the disorder among rootstocks; more than 35% and 20% of fruit from trees on Carrizo citrange and Cleopatra mandarin, respectively, were rejected for commercialization, whereas only 4% of fruit on sour orange was rejected. Cryo-scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fruit peduncles showed that average diameter of xylem vessel elements of peduncles of fruits on Carrizo citrange rootstock were 6% and 17% larger than those on Cleopatra mandarin and sour orange, respectively. Defoliation of fruit-bearing branches reduced water loss from fruit, maintained fruit peel water potential at a higher value than that of fruit on undefoliated branches and reduced the proportion and severity of affected fruit. It is concluded that fruit-tree water relationships are related to rind breakdown in ‘Navelate’ oranges and low fruit water content might be responsible for the disorder. 相似文献
12.
13.
14.
螺旋环剥对幼龄‘桂味’荔枝果期光合和蒸腾作用的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以6年生幼龄‘桂味’荔枝(Litchi chinensis Sonn.‘Guiwei’)为试材,于5月果实发育期,从螺旋环剥处理和对照树上分别选取来自同一基枝的有果枝和无果枝,观察枝梢生长的情况并进行叶片光合和蒸腾作用的研究。结果表明:螺旋环剥有利坐果;螺旋环剥缩小有果叶与无果叶在光合效率上的差别,显著降低了叶片的最大光合速率(Amax)、表观量子效率(AQY)和羧化效率(CE),提高了光补偿点(LCP),削弱了光合效率;净光合速率(Pn)与蒸腾速率(Tr)极显著相关,螺旋环剥显著降低了叶片的Tr,Pn也下降但差异不显著,蒸腾作用减弱的程度比光合作用减弱的程度大;对照叶片的Pn和Tr日变化为单峰曲线型,14:00时达最高峰,螺旋环剥叶片的Pn和Tr在13:00时有明显的午休现象,气孔限制是午休的主要因素;相同处理的有果枝叶片,其日均Pn和Tr都高于无果枝叶片,说明果实的存在可提高‘桂味’荔枝的Pn和Tr。 相似文献
15.
树形是影响成龄山楂树生长发育的一个重要因素。调查结果表明,少主枝疏层形比多主枝自然圆头形树冠内各部位光照强度高,叶片栅状组织厚,叶绿素含最高0.37mg/dm~2,光合强度高1.21~2.68mg/(dm~2.h)。花序座果率和花朵座果率分别高12.61%和17.0%。健壮的发育枝和结果枝数量多,比倒大,叶面积指数高,高功能叶多10.60%,叶效值大1220。 相似文献
16.
‘糯米糍’荔枝碳素营养储备动态与坐果的关系 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
以10~12年生的‘糯米糍’荔枝(Litchi chinensis Sonn. ) 为材料, 研究了高产树(60~65
kg·株- 1 ) 和低产树(5~10 kg·株- 1 ) 不同部位(叶片、各级枝条和主干) 碳素营养储备(淀粉) 的差异及季节动态; 分析了不同果实发育阶段树体碳素营养水平与坐果率的关系。结果表明, 果实成熟时高产树各部位的淀粉含量均低于低产树, 而可溶性糖含量高于低产树。果实采收后, 低产树早于高产树抽发新梢。入冬季前(11月底前) , 低产树和高产树分别抽发了3次和2次秋梢。7~11月秋梢生长发育期间, 高产树和低产树均无显著淀粉积累, 11月中旬以后枝梢生长停滞期间, 各部位, 尤其是4 cm直径以内的枝条大量积累淀粉, 在花穗发育前达到高峰。之后, 随花穗发育、开花及坐果而持续降低。高产树和低产树各部位淀粉高峰并无明显差异, 表明坐果量对树体碳素营养储备的累积并无明显的长期影响。叶片、主枝和主干积累的淀粉含量较低, 总体相对稳定; 而4 cm直径以下的枝梢淀粉含量变化剧烈, 说明这些枝梢是更为活跃的碳素储备库。本研究还表明, 坐果早期(花后3周内) 枝条(2 cm直径) 的淀粉含量与该枝条上最终坐果率呈显著正相关, 而果实发育中期(花后8周) 枝条淀粉含量与坐果率无关, 说明早期果实发
育一定程度依赖树体碳素营养储备, 而中后期果实发育几乎不依赖树体储备。 相似文献
17.
18.
以早熟温州蜜柑为试材,连续4a(2008~2011)调查早熟温州蜜柑的开花结果习性,对其开花坐果动态影响因素进行研究。结果表明:各类结果母枝的开花量和坐果率有明显差异,早秋梢结果母枝、夏梢结果母枝和晚秋梢结果母枝的效果之间,有叶花的坐果率与有叶花的坐果量之间存在显著差异水平,而晚秋梢结果母枝与春梢结果母枝的效果之间不存在显著差异水平;1a有4次落花落果高峰期:第1次发生在5月13~27日;第2次发生在6月9~16日;第3次发生在8月11~18日;第4次发生在10月6~13日;在结果母梢上不同营养梢比例直接影响坐果率,营养梢的比例越小,其坐果率越高;栽植密度大或蛆花率大的果园,坐果率都较低;不同结果母枝长度能够影响坐果率;有叶花枝的叶片数量影响坐果率,4片叶的坐果率最高;留梢的位置在母枝的顶端和控制营养梢的数量越大,其效果越明显;建议生产上提高树体有叶花的比例和调节营养梢的发生量,从而缓解梢果矛盾和提高坐果率。 相似文献
19.
20.
S. Hieke C. M. Menzel V. J. Doogan P. LÜdders 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(3):326-332
SummaryExperiments were conducted on lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) in subtropical Australia (lat. 27° –29°S) to evaluate the role of assimilates on fruit retention. All the leaves of the last flush, all the leaves of the previous flush (about eight leaves per terminal shoot), or all the old leaves were removed from trees. Medium (3–5.cm diameter) or large branches (5–10.cm diameter) were girdled and defoliated after fruit set, and fruit retention compared with ungirdled and undefoliated branches. Other branches were girdled and defoliated between anthesis and fruit harvest. Finally, 20, 50 or 80% of the flowering panicles were defruited on large trees. Defoliated trees had 35 to 45% lower yields than the controls. This was despite the treatment with all the old leaves removed having a much lower leaf area index than the other defoliation treatments (1.7 vs. 2.3 and 2.8). Leaves next to the inflorescences are more important for yield than the older leaves. Fruit retention was very low on girdled branches that had been defoliated, especially when the leaves were removed in the first 20.d after anthesis. This suggests that the yields of girdled branches were determined by the availability of assimilates soon after fruit set. In contrast, the number of fruit retained on ungirdled branches was unrelated to the number of leaves, with defoliation having no effect on yield. Fruit on these branches were supported by resources from elsewhere in the tree. Thinned trees had similar yields to those of unthinned plots (65–82.kg tree–1). Thinning apparently increased fruit retention in the remaining clusters, under a higher leaf:fruit ratio. There were large differences in the concentrations of starch in the tree, and seasonal changes, with starch declining from flowering to fruit harvest. In contrast, there were only small responses to the treatments, suggesting that the fruit were mainly dependent on current photosynthesis. Photosynthesis in the leaves behind the fruit clusters was more important than photosynthesis in the older shaded leaves. 相似文献