抑制素免疫在动物繁殖中应用的研究进展

抑制素是性腺分泌的一种糖蛋白激素，它具有抑制垂体促卵泡素合成和分泌的作用。抑制素具有免疫反应性，抑制素免疫在提高动物繁殖性能方面有良好的应用前景。作者阐述了抑制素的结构和特性以及抑制素免疫的机理、类型、方法和影响因素及其在畜牧业中的应用。     

抑制素DNA疫苗的研究进展

抑制素是一种由性腺分泌的糖蛋白激素，对垂体促卵泡素起负反馈调节作用。抑制素DNA疫苗可以产生抑制素抗体，促进垂体促卵泡素的分泌和卵泡发育，诱发排双卵。近年来，抑制素DNA疫苗作为多胎疫苗已越来越被人们所重视。文章介绍了抑制素DNA疫苗的构建、免疫原理、免疫效果和安全性。     

抑制素pCIS基因免疫对黄牛卵泡发育和生殖激素的影响

分别用O(C)、0.75(T1)、1.50(T2)、2.25(T3)和3.0(T4)nag·头'-1的抑制素pCIS基因疫苗免疫58头黄牛,以探讨抑制素pCIS基因免疫对卵泡发育和生殖激素的影响.结果表明,抑制素pCIS基因免疫组的大卵泡(d≥10 mm)数显著高于对照组(P<0.01),中卵泡(7 mm≤d<10 mm)数和小卵泡(4 mm≤d<7 mm)数与对照组均没有显著差异(P>0.05),T1组左右两侧成熟卵泡大小与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05),其它3组两侧成熟卵泡均显著大于对照组(P<0.05).抑制素pCIS基因免疫黄牛的促卵泡素(FSH)平均含量高于对照组,且在加强免疫阶段差异显著(P<0.05);加强免疫后雌二醇(E2)和孕酮(P4)含量均显著增加,且均与对照组差异显著(P<0.05).这些结果表明,抑制素pCIS基因免疫可促进FSH分泌,进而影响黄牛卵泡发育和成熟.     

抑制素主动免疫对山羊繁殖率的影响

抑制素主要是由雌性动物的卵泡颗粒细胞和雄性动物睾丸的支持细胞分泌的一种糖蛋白激素,主要生理作用是特异性地抑制垂体卵泡刺激素(FSH)的分泌。因此,用抑制素免疫可使动物血液中的FSH水平上升,致使排卵数增加。近年来,国外学者已在猪、牛、绵羊等家畜上证实了抑制素免疫对家畜生殖功能的重要调节作用以及提高动物繁殖力的可能性。但尚未见到抑制素免疫对山羊生殖活动影响的研究报道。研究旨在应用纯化的猪抑制素对山羊进行主动免疫,探讨对山羊排卵率和血浆FSH水平的影响及作用。1材料与方法1.1试验动物选择年龄2~4岁、平均体重为35.6 …     

抑制素免疫在家畜繁殖中的应用

抑制素是一种主要由动物性腺分泌的糖蛋白激素,对促卵泡素的分泌具有负反馈调节物作用。用抑制素主动或被动免疫可以提高家畜的排卵率和产仔数。本文就抑制素、抑制素免疫的机制及其在家畜繁殖中的应用等方面的研究进展做一概述。     

家畜卵泡抑制素的研究进展

抑制素 (Inhibin,INH) ,是一种主要由动物性腺 (卵巢的颗粒细胞和睾丸的支持细胞 )分泌的异二聚体糖蛋白激素 ,由两个三硫键连接两个不同的亚单位 (α和 β)构成 ,对垂体促卵泡素FSH的分泌、合成起选择性负反馈调节物作用。卵泡抑制素免疫中和技术能特异性地刺激机体FSH分泌 ,促进配子生成 ,进而提高动物生殖能力。本文主要就家畜卵泡抑制素的研究进展以及其对家畜生殖的影响作一综述。     

卵泡抑制素在家禽养殖中的研究应用

抑制素(Inhibin,INH)又称卵泡抑制素(Folliculostatin)或性腺抑制素(Gonadostatin),是一种主要由雌、雄动物性腺分泌的一种水溶性多肽激素,由α和β亚单位组成。由于其具有免疫原性,外源卵泡抑制素通过免疫调节可以降低家禽机体内卵泡抑制素的生物活性,导致机体循环中促卵泡素(FSH)浓度升高,使排卵率和产蛋率增加。国外已从鸡、鸭、人类卵泡液等中分离提纯得到具有卵泡抑制素活性的α亚单位片断,体外生化合成也获得了成功,并利用cDNA技术已生产出卵泡抑制素融合蛋白,且证明这些卵泡抑制素产物均具有选择性地抑制脑垂体体内外FSH产生和…     

抑制素免疫对动物卵泡发育的影响

抑制素主要是由卵巢颗粒细胞和睾丸支持细胞分泌的一类异二聚体蛋白质激素,具有反馈性抑制垂体前叶释放促卵泡激素的作用。抑制素免疫能通过中和内源性抑制素,降低其对垂体的负反馈,增加促卵泡激素的分泌,促进卵泡发育的作用。本文综述了抑制素免疫对卵泡数目与直径、颗粒细胞增殖和卵母细胞成熟的影响,为抑制素免疫的研究和临床应用提供理论依据。     

抑制素免疫对动物生殖功能影响的研究进展

抑制素是一种主要由动物性腺分泌的异二聚体蛋白激素 ,它通过选择性抑制垂体促性腺激素 (主要是 FSH)的分泌 ,进而影响动物的生殖活动。而利用抑制素对动物主动或被动免疫 ,可增加排卵率 ,提高繁殖力的独特功能越来越受到人们的重视。本文就近年来有关抑制素免疫对动物生殖功能影响的研究作一综述。1　抑制素的类型在抑制素免疫研究中 ,有 3种形式的免疫原 ,即天然抑制素制剂、合成抑制素肽段和重组型抑制素。1 .1　天然抑制素　主要有牛抑制素 ( b MPI)和羊抑制素 ( o MPI) ,它是用一种单克隆抗体 2 56 H(其具有对牛 3 2 KD抑制素特异…     

抑制素免疫的研究进展

抑制素是机体分泌的一种能够调节促性腺激素分泌的活性物质.通过抑制素免疫中和技术能够解除抑制素对FSH分泌的抑制作用,从而促进排卵.本文对抑制素及其免疫机理、免疫方法、免疫对动物繁殖性能影响的研究进展作一综述.     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.