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近年来,水稻条纹叶枯病在江苏省赣榆县发生逐年加重。调查表明,其暴发流行主要与水稻品种感病程度、水稻育秧方式与移栽时期、耕作制度、飞虱发生量与带毒率,以及农药的使用有关。调查分析了赣榆县水稻条纹叶枯病的发生特点、流行因素,并提出了应通过选用抗病水稻品种、推迟播种期、优化环境、合理用药等措施,对水稻条纹叶枯病进行综合防治。 相似文献
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2004~2005年,射阳县种植2.66万hm2左右条纹叶枯病感病品种武育粳3号,面对水稻条纹叶枯病的大流行,该县通过完善耕作制度、改变栽培方式、加强田间管理、注重杂草防除、全程药控和统防统治等综合措施,有效地抑制了灰飞虱的发生危害,使大面积水稻条纹叶枯病的发病株率总体控制在1%以下。 相似文献
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水稻条纹叶枯病的发生特点与防治技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
阐述了冀东稻区水稻条纹叶枯病的田间症状特点、传播途径与发病条件,分析了该病害近年来在该地区的发生流行特点,提出了栽培抗(耐)病品种、合理安排移栽期、平衡施肥、清洁田园杂草、药剂综合防治等技术措施,以降低条纹叶枯病造成的危害。 相似文献
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本研究旨在明确不同花生品种对花生褐斑病和网斑病的抗性,为品种选育及田间病害防治提供依据。采用田间病圃鉴定法鉴定了花生不同品种对褐斑病和网斑病的抗性,结果表明,参试的9个花生品种中有6个品种对花生褐斑病的相对抗病指数在0.6以上,花育23、日花1号和四粒红属于高抗病类型,其中花育23相对抗病指数最高为0.87;鲁花8号、青花7号和冀花4号属于抗病类型。13个花生品种中只有2个花生品种对花生网斑病的相对抗病指数在0.6以上,其中花育36属于高抗类型,相对抗病指数为0.81;农大056属于抗病类型,其余花生为敏感性,但是每个花生品种对花生叶斑病的综合抗性较差。 相似文献
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Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria was isolated from infected tomato seedlings grown in an open field in Egypt. All the tested isolates infected tomato plants but with different degrees of disease severity. In an attempt to manage this disease, tomato seeds and/or seedlings were treated with an antagonistic local isolate of Pseudomonas fluorescens as a suspension or its formulation or acibenzolar-S-methyl (BTH). When the above three treatments were applied to tomato seeds under laboratory conditions, they improved seed germination and seedlings vigour relative to control seeds treated with sterile distilled water and pathogen but P. fluorescens culture was the most effective. Under greenhouse and field conditions, combinations of the above treatments were used. All treatments significantly reduced disease severity of bacterial spot in tomato relative to the infected control. The biggest disease reduction compared to seedlings inoculated with the pathogen alone resulted from a foliar application of P. fluorescens. Combined application of P. fluorescens or its formulation with BTH reduced the pathogen population and increased seedling biomass and tomato yield relative to control seedlings. 相似文献
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为了鉴定茉莉花资源对白绢病的抗性,从主产区广西横县的病株分离白绢病菌株,以横县双瓣茉莉花为材料,对露天条件下茉莉花白绢病接种方法进行了研究,并对盆栽的不同茉莉花品种(系)进行接种,采用相对抗病程度评价法鉴定供试材料的抗病性。结果表明:(1)在5种接种方法中,带菌燕麦粒埋土法的病情指数、发病率最高,分别为47.93%、86.67%,可以作为茉莉花白绢病露天接种方法;以此法接种后0~24 d期间,随着苗龄增加,发病率及病情指数呈降低趋势,1年生盆栽发病最迅速,病情指数也一直最高,20年生的发病最慢,病情指数一直最低;(2)供试的18份茉莉花品种(系)中,有抗病品种(系)5个、中感品种(系)6个、高感品种(系)7个,其中J0718的相对抗性指数最高,虎头茉莉和J1836最容易感染茉莉花白绢病,横县双瓣茉莉属中感品种;(3)供试的其他8份素馨属资源中,迎春花的相对抗性指数为0.93,为高抗品种;抗病品种4个,包括耳叶茉莉、扭肚藤、厚叶素馨及浓香茉莉,高抗及抗病品种占62.50%,可为茉莉花抗性育种提供种质资源;(4)在抗病及高感种质资源中,都有单瓣、双瓣及多瓣类型,不宜仅依据瓣型来判断抗性强弱。 相似文献
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Progression of Alternaria blight intensity was observed fortnightly during 1997 and 1998 on six varieties of cluster bean ranging in their susceptibilities to the disease. The disease progressed faster on the most susceptible variety (FS-277) during both the years. There was a significantly positive correlation between the disease severity and certain weather parameters (cumulative rainy days and cumulative rainfall) whilst maximum temperature was significantly negatively associated (pooled basis). The step-wise multiple regression analysis of data revealed that minimum temperature, relative humidity in the evening, sunshine and cumulative rainfall played a major role in disease development. 相似文献
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分别从健康的水稻植株、感染纹枯病植株、根际土壤、秧田水和菌核上分离出能拮抗水稻纹枯病的假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas spp.)和芽胞杆菌属(Bacillus spp.)的细菌菌株。大多数菌株在室内试验中对菌丝生长有抑制作用,有的菌株在温室试验中起抑制病害和对植株有保护作用,有的(1/49)具有促进秧苗生长的作用。纹枯病的病斑相对长度与病害发生率密切相关(r~2=0.33,P=0.01),与抑菌圈大小(r~2=0.03)和离体叶片病斑大小(r~2=0.12)无相关,植株干重与病斑相对长度和发病率均无显著相关(r~2=0和0.01)。 相似文献
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The response to potato late blight of 116 potato cultivars and breeding lines was determined in replicated trials conducted between 1980 and 1988. The index of area under the standardized disease progress curve (ASDPC), based on the cultivar Sebago, was used to rank the cultivars and to identify cultivars that had inconsistent disease responses over years. Most of the cultivars were susceptible to late blight; only 10 cultivars out of 66 currently available (including breeding lines) were judged more resistant than Sebago. Nine cultivars were identified as having inconsistent resistance over years. The index ASDPC was less variable than the relative area under the disease progress curve when the yearly disease conditions differed from the normal. 相似文献
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以鄂西山区收集的12份苎麻属野生种质资源为材料,应用电导法研究了野生材料在高温和低温条件下细胞膜透性的变化,并对这些材料进行了抗炭疽病鉴定。结果表明:在高温处理时所测定的苎麻属野生种的相对电解质渗出率变化范围较大,其中HR-03-03(栽培种野生类型)的耐高温能力最强;低温处理时,不同材料的相对电解质渗出率也存在较大差异,其中HR-01-02、HR-01-04(序叶苎麻)等两份材料耐低温能力较强;不同材料对苎麻炭疽病的抗性差异显著,序叶苎麻和艾麻发病时间晚,病情指数相对较低,其中HR-01-03和HR-01-04的病情指数最低,而两个栽培种野生类型为苎麻炭疽病的高感材料。 相似文献
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