Salinomycin poisoning in horses

Six cases of accidental salinomycin poisoning in horses are described. The horses were fed a contaminated ration and presented clinical signs which were extremely varied in nature and severity. However, the range of signs, including anorexia, colic, weakness and ataxia bore similarities to those described in horses poisoned with the related ionophore monensin. Other similarities became apparent in serum biochemical profiles of the clinical cases. Although ionophore toxicity is rarely reported in horses they appear to be particularly susceptible, and it should therefore be considered as a differential diagnosis of digestive upsets or locomotory disorders at establishments where ionophore-treated feeds are used therapeutically in other species.     

An outbreak of monensin poisoning in adult turkeys

Monensin, fed in excess of 200 ppm caused mortality in Triple 5 and Triple 6 turkeys aged 25 weeks old and over. Mortality commenced three to four days after administering feed containing monensin and ceased three to five days after it was removed. This concentration of drug did not have any detectable adverse effects on Triple 5 turkeys fed from day old, four weeks old, or 11 weeks old for periods of two weeks.     

高效液相色谱法测定盐霉素预混剂中盐霉素A的含量

建立了测定盐霉素预混剂中盐霉素A含量的高效液相色谱分析方法。采用C18色谱柱,甲醇-水-冰醋酸(94︰6︰0.1)等度洗脱,甲醇-硫酸-香草醛(95︰2︰3)为衍生试剂,流速0.7 mL/min;衍生温度98 ℃;检测波长520 nm;进样量20 μL。结果表明,盐霉素A在0.4～0.6 mg/mL范围内线性关系良好（r2=0.9998）,平均回收率100.6%。该方法简便、准确、可行。     

Acute poisoning in turkeys caused by incompatibility of monensin and tiamulin

The incompatibility of the anticoccidial monensin and the antibiotic tiamulin when administered simultaneously to chickens is well documented. Signs similar to monensin poisoning have been seen in turkeys given these two drugs together in field cases. This work describes a preliminary trial in which simultaneous administration of therapeutic doses resulted in acute severe poisoning with a high mortality.     

Salinomycin toxicosis in horses

CASE DESCRIPTION: A 4-month-old American Paint filly was evaluated because of sudden onset of ataxia that progressed to recumbency. Five additional horses from the same and neighboring premises developed signs of poor performance, generalized weakness, ataxia, and recumbency; 2 of those horses were also evaluated. A new batch of a commercial feed supplement had been introduced to the horses' diet on each farm within the preceding 3 days. CLINICAL FINDINGS: Other than recumbency, findings of physical and neurologic examinations of the foal were unremarkable. The other 2 horses had generalized weakness and mild ataxia, and 1 horse also had persistent tachycardia. The foal had mild leukocytosis with neutrophilia, hyperglycemia, and mildly high serum creatine kinase activity. Results of cervical radiography, CSF analysis, and assessments of heavy metals and selenium concentrations in blood and vitamin E concentration in serum were within reference limits. Feed analysis revealed high concentrations of the ionophore antimicrobial salinomycin. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME: The 5 affected horses survived, but the foal was euthanized. At necropsy, a major histopathologic finding was severe vacuolation within neurons of the dorsal root ganglia, which was compatible with ionophore toxicosis. The surviving horses developed muscle atrophy, persistent weakness, and ataxia. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In horses, ionophore toxicosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis for acute weakness, ataxia, recumbency, or sudden death. Furthermore, ionophore toxicosis should be considered as a cause of poor performance, weakness, muscle wasting, and cardiac arrhythmias in horses. Surviving horses may have impaired athletic performance.     

一例鸡盐霉素中毒的诊治

<正>2008年11月,江都市某养殖场饲养的42日龄三黄鸡出现低头缩翅、卧地不起、运动失调等症状,并在较短时间内达到近10%的死亡率,经现场     

Pododermatitis in turkeys

Severe pododermatitis is a common lesion in turkeys, unlike in broiler chickens. Both dietary factors (soybean meal, biotin, methionine) and poor litter conditions (wet litter) are documented etiologies of footpad lesions. In the United States and United Kingdom both farm managers and processors monitor lesions. The United Kingdom reports an average footpad relative score higher than that of the United States. In both countries, incidence in toms is higher than in hens. There is no significant difference by country. Data support no consistent association with other lesions (i.e., breast blisters or condemnations), breed, or performance parameters (i.e., weight gain or age). The litter type used in the United Kingdom is either straw or wood shavings, whereas in the United States producers predominantly use wood shavings. In the United Kingdom, diets are formulated with a higher protein, which affects the excreta and subsequent litter conditions. British United Turkey is the predominate breed in the United Kingdom. In the United States, three breeds, British United Turkey of America, hybrid, and Nicholas, are common. Recent research has demonstrated the association between biotin levels and pododermatitis. Factors associated with pododermatitis (such as production systems, wet litter, and stocking density) are discussed. There are some indications that increased stocking density is associated with pododermatitis lesions. Further research is needed to identify what management factors are associated with pododermatitis.