鸡传染性鼻炎(三价)和新城疫二联灭活疫苗的研究

利用Page A型、B型、C型副鸡禽杆菌和新城疫病毒La Sota株,研制鸡传染性鼻炎(三价)和新城疫二联油乳剂灭活疫苗。用3个批次疫苗进行单剂量(0.5mL/次)3次接种和大剂量(2.0mL)单次接种的安全性试验、SPF鸡的免疫效力试验、商品鸡的免疫持续期试验和疫苗的保存期试验。结果表明,3批疫苗对试验鸡安全无副作用;免疫接种SPF鸡只30d后对A、B、C型副鸡禽杆菌攻毒的保护率≥80%,用20μL/只疫苗免疫接种SPF鸡21d后新城疫的平均HI抗体24;商品鸡42日龄首免,110日龄二免,二免后9个月对A、B、C型副鸡禽杆菌攻毒的保护率≥70%,对新城疫病毒强毒100%保护;用4℃~8℃保存12个月和15个月的3批疫苗进行了SPF鸡的近期免疫效力试验,结果对A、B、C型副鸡禽杆菌攻毒的保护率≥70%,用20μL/只疫苗免疫SPF鸡,免疫接种后21d新城疫病毒的平均HI抗体24,对新城疫病毒强毒的攻毒保护率70%。说明研制的疫苗安全有效。     

鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒SA2疫苗株免疫效力的研究

鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒（ＩＬＴＶ）疫苗株尿囊膜乳剂原液经点眼接种２、７和１５日龄雏，２日龄雏鸡组在接种后第７天有２０％（１／５）鸡出现眼睑肿胀和流泪等眼部反应，７日龄和１５日龄雏鸡组无明显临床变化。用该疫苗株乳剂原液点眼接种１月龄以上鸡眼部无明显反应，但通过气管接种后，２６．７％（４／１５）鸡表现出ＩＬＴ临床症状。试验用ＳＡ２株点眼接种免疫１月龄以上鸡，免疫组保护率为１００％（２０／２０），对照组发病率为１００％（１０／１０）、死亡率为４０％（４／１０）。２、７和１５日龄雏鸡点眼毒力试验的３组鸡，于接种后２１～３４天用王岗株ＩＬＴ强毒攻击，１００％得到保护，而对照组鸡１００％发病。试验结果表明，ＳＡ２疫苗株是一株毒力温和、副作用小而且免疫效力好的疫苗用毒株     

马立克病毒感染鸡端粒酶活性的研究

对1日龄非免疫鸡分别接种马立克病病毒(MDV)Ⅰ型国际标准强毒GA株、国内标准强毒京-1株及Ⅰ型MDV疫苗毒CVl988株后第5d起，用改进的TRAP法和Bandscan软件测定分析、计算感染过程中鸡外周血淋巴细胞(PBMC)的端粒酶活性。结果，自接种MDV Ⅰ型强毒GA株和京-1株后，在鸡尚未出现临床症状和可视病变之前端粒酶就可被检测到，并且随着感染鸡日龄的增加逐渐升高，分别在20～25日龄时其相对活力达到最高值；接种MDV CV1988后，整个试验期端粒酶活性均呈阴性。试验结果表明，MDV CV1988疫苗株具有较可靠的免疫效果，PBMC端粒酶活性与马立克病的发病进程具有一定的相关性。     

鸡新城疫、禽流感（H9亚型）二联灭活疫苗的安全性和免疫效力试验

将鸡新城疫、禽流感(H9亚型,SY株)二联灭活疫苗分别以肌肉注射和皮下注射的方式单剂量、单剂量重复、超剂量分别接种28日龄SPF鸡和6月龄产蛋鸡进行安全性试验.同时,将不同剂量疫苗分别接种30日龄SPF鸡,接种后定期采血,分离血清测定HI抗体水平,并于免疫后1、2周从每组试验鸡中抽取10只攻击AIV SY株病毒.结果显示,疫苗以不同剂量接种试验鸡后未见任何不良反应,对产蛋鸡的生产性能基本无影响;试验鸡在免疫后2周即可产生较高水平的HI抗体,其中ND HI抗体几何平均值不低于1∶128,AI HI抗体几何平均值不低于1∶74,攻击AIV SY株病毒后病毒分离率为0,在免疫后20周其HI抗体仍在保护水平以上.表明鸡新城疫、禽流感(H9亚型,SY株)二联灭活疫苗安全性良好,免疫效果确实.     

表达传染性喉气管炎病毒gB基因重组鸡痘病毒疫苗的安全性试验与最小免疫剂量测定

将表达鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒糖蛋白gB基因的重组鸡痘病毒(rFPV-ILTVgB)通过鸡胚成纤维细胞培养,加入适当的保护剂制成冻干疫苗.取3批冻干疫苗,生理盐水稀释后分别经翅内侧无血管处皮下接种14日龄和50日龄SPF鸡,接种剂量为5 × 106PFU,接种后3天出现局部反应,5天局部肿胀达到最大,接种鸡无其它全身反应,精神、食欲以及发育等均不受影响,说明重组病毒对试验鸡是安全的.取其中的200003批疫苗,用生理盐水作210-2～210-5稀释后,翅内侧无血管处皮下接种40日龄SPF鸡,免疫后4周分别攻击传染性喉气管炎病毒WG株和鸡痘病毒102株,结果表明,重组病毒对试验鸡翅内侧皮下接种能产生良好的免疫力,在接种剂量为210-2～210-40.1ml/鸡的范围内可以使全部试验鸡产生局部反应,当接种剂量为210-50.2ml/鸡时可以使部分试验鸡(5/15)产生局部反应,鸡体对重组疫苗的最小反应剂量为210-40.1ml(相当于1000PFU).攻毒试验结果进一步证明,当接种剂量为210-40.1ml(相当于1000 PFU)时可以使免疫鸡产生可靠免疫力,抵抗传染性喉气管炎病毒WG株强毒和鸡痘病毒102株的攻击,降低鸡群的发病率和病死率.这些结果说明,疫苗接种后的局部反应与重组疫苗的免疫效力之间具有相关性,疫苗对接种鸡的局部作用反应了疫苗的免疫效力,我们研制的重组疫苗的最小免疫剂量为1000 PFU,这就为我们进一步考察疫苗的免疫效力试验奠定了基础.     

云南省红河州猪衣原体性繁殖障碍的病原分离鉴定

从云南省红河州猪繁殖障碍较为严重的部分地区大批死亡的新生仔猪和流产胎儿的内脏中分离到2株衣原体.将分离株鸡胚卵黄囊膜悬液接种7日龄鸡胚能致使规律性死亡；该分离株对磺胺嘧啶(SD)具有抵抗力；碘染色阴性；补体结合试验阳性；对鸡胚致死毒价为10-8EID500.4 mL.用分离株接种豚鼠和小白鼠后,豚鼠在15d后出现流产,...     

减毒鸡沙门氏菌97A疫苗株安全性和免疫效力试验

本试验将减毒鸡沙门氏菌97A疫苗株分别以不同剂量经口服和肌肉注射接种10日龄AA肉鸡，结果表明，97A对10日龄雏鸡有良好安全性。将97A分别以10     

H9N2亚型禽流感灭活疫苗的免疫效果评价

为充分了解10多年来在生产中普遍使用的H9N2亚型禽流感(AI)灭活疫苗(F株)对鸡群的免疫保护效果,本研究以F株灭活疫苗分别接种SPF鸡和罗曼鸡,通过检测其抗体水平,分析比较抗体消长规律;同时以2009～2010年间从免疫鸡群中分离到的9株H9N2亚型AIV为素材,通过F株灭活苗免疫攻击试验,来评价该疫苗对上述9株分离株体内感染的免疫保护效果。结果显示:F株灭活疫苗免疫SPF鸡和罗曼鸡3周后,产生的HI抗体效价均在7log2以上,且持续时间长,SPF鸡达15周,罗曼鸡在11周以上。SPF鸡免疫群用F9株、L9株、S9株和D9株和F株攻击7d后,对鸡的咽喉和泄殖腔排毒有100%的抑制作用,用其它5株(F119、W9、YD、M和D119)攻击后的抑制作用为90%;罗曼鸡免疫群用L9株、F9株、S9株、D9株、W9株和F株攻击7d后,对鸡咽喉和泄殖腔排毒有100%的抑制作用,用其它4株(F119株、YD株、M株和D119株)攻击后的抑制作用为90%;未接种疫苗的对照组鸡攻击7d后排毒率均为10/10。     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒的分离鉴定及生物学特性研究

用接种鸡胚法从南京地区某发病鸡群中分离出一株病毒。通过血清学试验和致病性试验等研究确定该病毒为传染性法氏囊病病毒。该分离株可人工感染鸡,接种20日龄鸡后第2 d即开始发病,于第4 d出现死亡高峰,病死率达70%。免疫原性研究结果表明,用该病毒制成的灭活苗对鸡具有良好的免疫保护力。     

鸡痘疫苗使用方法

鸡痘弱毒冻干疫苗,刺种免疫时按瓶签注明的羽份,用灭菌生理盐水稀释,用鸡痘刺种专用针蘸取稀释的疫苗;用鸡痘疫苗专用刺种针浸入疫苗溶液,针槽充满药液后将针轻靠瓶内侧,除去附在针上多余药液。拨开鸡毛、小心刺入鸡翅内侧无血管的翼膜三角区,避免伤及肌肉、关节、血管。一般情况下,疫苗稀释1000只鸡最多需8 mL,也有10 mL。20~30日龄雏鸡刺1针,30日龄以上鸡刺2针(51日龄鸡刺2针),6~20日龄雏鸡用再稀释1倍的疫苗刺1针。后备种鸡可于雏鸡接种后60 d再接种1次,接种后3~4 d,刺种部位微现红肿、结痂,14~21 d痂块脱落。     

不同免疫途径对商品蛋雏鸡新城疫黏膜及血清抗体的影响

通过不同的免疫途径对商品蛋雏鸡进行免疫,探讨不同的免疫途径对商品蛋雏鸡新城疫(Newcastle disease,ND)黏膜抗体及血清抗体的影响。结果表明,同时用新城疫弱毒疫苗免疫后,不同的免疫途径产生的新城疫黏膜抗体及血清抗体效价有较大差异。采用喷雾法于3日龄首免,15日龄二免,25日龄三免,鸡体产生保护水平(6 log2)以上的ND黏膜抗体和血清抗体最快、抗体水平最高、维持时间最长、总体免疫效果最好,而采用饮水免疫的试验组产生的ND黏膜抗体和血清抗体水平均不高,总体免疫效果最差。     

鸡新城疫、传染性支气管炎、禽流感(H9亚型)三联灭活疫苗对禽流感H9亚型流行株攻毒的保护作用

为了监测鸡新城疫、传染性支气管炎、禽流感(H9亚型)三联灭活疫苗(LaSota株+M41株+SS/94株)对H9亚型禽流感病毒流行毒株的免疫保护效果,采用H9亚型禽流感病毒SS/94株及2009—2010年现地分离的3株H9亚型禽流感病毒对已免疫上述三联灭活苗的SPF鸡进行攻毒试验。结果显示,试验鸡以0.3 mL/只的剂量免疫三联灭活苗后21 d,其H9亚型禽流感病毒的HI抗体效价可达8～11log2,此抗体水平可抵抗2×106EID50的H9亚型禽流感病毒SS/94株、BLCN09株、WDZ09株、YT10株的攻击,攻毒保护率均达90%(9/10)以上。可见,以SS/94株作为禽流感疫苗抗原制备的三联灭活苗具有良好的免疫原性,能使免疫鸡抵抗2009—2010年期间现地分离的多株H9亚型禽流感病毒的攻击。     

鸡新城疫、传染性支气管炎、禽流感(H9亚型)三联灭活 疫苗(La Sota株+M41株+SS/94株)免疫程序研究

设计不同的免疫程序,用鸡新城疫、传染性支气管炎、禽流感(H9亚型)三联灭活疫苗(La Sota株+M41株+SS/94株)免疫黄羽肉鸡,通过对ND、IB、H9抗体滴度监测,探讨ND、IB、H9抗体消长规律及鸡新城疫、传染性支气管炎、禽流感(H9亚型)三联灭活疫苗(La Sota株+M41株+SS/94株)的免疫程序。试验结果表明,用鸡新城疫、传染性支气管炎、禽流感(H9亚型)三联灭活疫苗(La Sota株+M41株+SS/94株)免疫黄羽肉鸡后,其诱导产生的ND、IB、H9抗体的消长规律基本同步;仅于10日龄免疫一次三联灭活苗,其抗体水平较低,于20、40日龄二免、三免或10日龄先用鸡新城疫病毒(La Sota株)、禽流感病毒(H9亚型,SS/94株)二联灭活疫苗作基础免疫,20或40日龄再用三联灭活苗作加强免疫,则上述3种抗体均快速上升,且维持时间长。根据试验结果,建议按照正常免疫程序作基础免疫的健康肉鸡,饲养期较短的可于20日龄左右用鸡新城疫、传染性支气管炎、禽流感(H9亚型)三联灭活疫苗(La Sota株+M41株+SS/94株)作加强免疫,0.3 mL/只;饲养期较长的则于40日龄左右用鸡新城疫、传染性支气管炎、禽流感(H9亚型)三联灭活疫苗(La Sota株+M41株+SS/94株)作加强免疫,0.5 mL/只。     

鸡新城疫、传染性支气管炎、减蛋综合征三联灭活疫苗最小免疫剂量的研究

采用北京市农林科学院畜牧兽医研究所制备的ND-IB-EDS三联灭活疫苗,分别以0.1,02,0.3,0.5mL/只的剂量免疫3周龄SPF鸡,免后3周测定ND及EDSHI抗体,然后用NDV强毒北京株攻毒;另外,首免用H120活苗免疫SPF鸡,二免分别用0.1～05mL/只三联苗,并测定2次免疫后IBHI抗体.试验结果表明,0.1 mL/只的免疫剂量就可产生较好的免疫效果,因此,确定该疫苗的最小免疫剂量为0.1 mL/只.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病免疫复合物疫苗对1日龄中等母源抗体水平雏鸡免疫效果的研究

将鸡传染性法氏囊病免疫复合物疫苗和BX株活疫苗分别免疫1日龄中等母源抗体水平京红雏鸡,同时免疫1日龄SPF雏鸡作对照,免疫后第9天观察法氏囊病变,免疫后第28天采血测定IBDV中和抗体,并用强毒攻击,计算各组疫苗保护率。结果显示,免疫后第9天,免疫复合物疫苗组SPF雏鸡和京红雏鸡法氏囊均正常,BX株活疫苗组SPF雏鸡法氏囊出现了萎缩病变;免疫后第28天,对照SPF雏鸡和京红雏鸡的免疫复合物疫苗组、BX活疫苗组IBDV中和抗体效价分别为9.2log2、8.5log2和 7.2log2、4.4log2,攻毒保护率均为100%。试验结果表明免疫复合物疫苗免疫1日龄中等水平母源抗体雏鸡效果很好,能产生较高的中和抗体,攻毒保护率能达到100%。     

Study on the Immunity Effect of Infectious Bursal Disease Immune Complex Vaccine on One-day Old Moderate Maternal Antibody Chick

One-day-old moderate maternal antibody Jinghong chickens and SPF chickens were vaccinated with infectious bursal disease (IBD) immune complex (IC) vaccine and BX strain live vaccine,respectively,pathological changes of bursa of fabricius in chickens were observed at the 9th day after immunization.On the 28th day after immunization,blood samples were taken and the IBDV neutralizing antibody were tested,meanwhile experimental chickens were challenged with high virulent IBDV,the protective rates of experimental groups were calculated.The results showed that at the 9th day after immunization,the bursa of fabricius in SPF and Jinghong chickens were normal in IC vaccine group,however atrophic changes of bursa of fabricius in BX strain live vaccine group were shown.At the 28th day after immunization,the IBDV neutralizing antibody of IC vaccine group and BX strain live vaccine group in SPF and Jinghong chickens were 9.2log2,8.5log2,7.2log2 and 4.4log2,respectively,while 100% protection rates were provided.The results provided that IC vaccine had better immunity effect on one-day-old moderate maternal antibody chicken,high levels of neutralizing antibodies against IBDV were produced and protection rates were 100%.     

Pathological and immunological study of an in ovo complex vaccine against infectious bursal disease

The appearance of very virulent strains of infectious bursal disease (IBD) virus at the end of the 1980s made it necessary to develop more effective immunization procedures. To facilitate this, the immunogenicity and the immunosuppressive effect of a mild (G-87), an intermediate (LIBD) and an intermediate-plus (IBDV 2512) IBDV strain were tested after the in ovo inoculation of 18-day-old SPF and broiler chicken embryos. It was established that no noteworthy difference existed between the immunized and the control embryos in hatching rate and hatching weight. The higher the virulence of the vaccine virus strain, the more severe damage it caused to the lymphocytes of the bursa of Fabricius. In SPF chickens, the haemagglutination inhibition (HI) titres induced by a Newcastle disease (ND) vaccine administered at day old decreased in inverse ratio to the virulence of the IBD vaccine strain, while in broiler chickens this was not observed. Despite the decrease of the HI titre, the level of protection did not decline, or did so only after the use of the 'hot' strain. SPF chickens immunized in ovo with a complex vaccine prepared from strain IBDV 2512 and IBD antibody showed the same protection against Newcastle disease as the broilers. In broiler chicken embryos immunized in ovo, only strain IBDV 2512 induced antibody production, and such chickens were protected against IBD at 3 weeks of age. The complex vaccine administered in ovo has been used successfully at farm hatcheries as well.     

Immunogenicity of a DNA vaccine of Avian Reovirus orally delivered by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium

This study aimed to assess the ability of a Salmonella typhimurium-mediated Avain Reovirus DNA vaccine in eliciting antibody production. Six-day-old SPF chickens were orally immunized with SL7207 (pVAX-σC) twice at 2-week interval, detectable antibody was generated 2 weeks after immunization and was significantly higher than the control groups (P<0.01) and ten chickens (66.7%) were considered safe in the subsequent challenge. These results show that SL7207 (pVAX-σC) can induce protective antibody in chickens and the newly-constructed vaccine is also effective in protection chickens against ARV infection.     

芪芍增免散对鸡法氏囊病疫苗免疫增强作用的研究

将520只7日龄海兰灰蛋鸡雏随机分成4组,分别设为3个剂量组（0．5％组、1.0％组和1．5％组）和-个空白对照组,给药组分别于14日龄常规剂量滴鼻点眼免疫法必要（鸡传染性法氏囊病中等毒力活疫苗）,28日龄2倍剂量饮水法必妥。通过测定法氏囊病抗体水平、脾指数、法氏囊指数、外周血液酸性-醋酸萘酯酶（ANAE）阳性淋巴细胞...     

Effect of the Immunity Efficacy of IBD Immune Complex Vaccine on ND La Sota Vaccine

1-day-old SPF chickens and commercial Jingfen chickens were vaccinated with IBD immune complex(IC) vaccine, NDV La Sota vaccine were inoculated simultaneously every one week and every two weeks.NDV La Sota immunization alone was as the control group.At the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th week post inoculation, blood samples were taken and the ND HI antibody were tested.Experimental chickens were challenged with high virulent NDV at the 5th week post inoculation, the protective rate of each group was calculated.The results showed the ND HI antibody were not significant different in the combined immunization of IBD IC vaccine priming and NDV La Sota vaccine boost and NDV La Sota vaccine alone immunization (P>0.05).The results indicated that IBD IC vaccine has no immunosuppression on NDV La Sota vaccine in SPF chickens and commercial Jingfen chickens.