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<正> 昆明市气候温和,灌溉条件亦好,苗圃地从早春开始杂草就不断发生,特别是进入雨季后,杂草盛发,对播种苗、扦插苗和容器苗的危害很大,形成常年危害,致使相当多的苗圃地见草不见苗,形成草荒。危害育苗地的杂草种类很多,但优势种不多。据北教场苗圃调查,杂草有100多种,优势种仅10种左右。阔叶杂草以小藜、荠菜、 相似文献
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营林苗圃是林业生产的基本建设项目之一,育菌工作又是一种需要集约经营的事业。有较强的季节性,各个育苗环节前后衔接,且与环境条件相制约。设计是运用苗木培育的理论和实践知识及有关专业知识,结合拟建苗圃地的实际条件进行苗圃设计。因此,在设计苗圃时。要对苗圃地的环境条件进行全面调查。综合分析,并根据培育 相似文献
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子午岭合水林区冬季气候干燥、寒冷、温差大,苗圃地分布零散人畜危害现象普遍,苗木越冬病虫危害、冻害严重。为确保林区苗圃苗木安全过冬,本文根据子午岭合水林区气候特征、苗木培育品种、培育措施、各场苗圃地理位置、周边人文环境以及苗木生物学特性等,总结了林区苗圃苗木越冬管理技术措施,供苗圃苗木生产管理者参考。 相似文献
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试验于1985—1986年在广东西江林业局下属林场及林科所苗圃进行。通过两年来的探索,初步弄清了本地区苗圃地的杂草种类和密度;掌握了除草剂丁草胺、恶草灵等混合配方防除杉木苗圃杂草的技术;明确了除草剂与杉木种子发芽和苗木品质的关系,以及杉木苗圃化学除草的经济效益。 相似文献
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南海涛 《林业机械与木工设备》2012,(12):16-18
概述了近年来内蒙古大兴安岭林区外来有害生物的危害及分布情况,分析了该林区发展现状和面临外来有害生物入侵带来的问题和挑战,提出建立外来有害生物基因库,加强植物检疫宣传,科学调种、引种,加强公共防范意识,开展外来有害生物长效监控机制等5个方面工作来防御和治理林区外来生物入侵,为大兴安岭林区外来有害生物的预防和防治提供理论依据。 相似文献
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利用样线、样点法对南通市崇川区军山自然保护地和公园进行8次鸟类调查,并结合崇川区鸟类补充调查,共记录到鸟类11目34科63属90种,包括黑鸢(Milvus migrans)、凤头鹰(Accipiter trivirgatus)、日本松雀鹰(Accipiter gularis)、苍鹰(Accipiter gentilis)、红隼(Falco tinnunculus)、小鸦鹃(Centropus bengalensis)6种国家II级保护物种;统计分析表明,军山自然保护地与公园景区鸟类群落存在一定差异,物种丰富度更高,占整个崇川区的60%,而公园景区占比在22.22%与42.22%之间;与公园景区相比,军山自然保护地鸟类群落稳定性更高,而公园景区个别种类鸟数量较高,群落稳定性相对较差;在城市环境中,军山自然保护地可作为鸟类避难所和种源地,在保护城市生物多样性方面具有重要作用;管理部门可结合鸟类季节动态,错峰进行公园景区管理活动,如减少5—8月夏季繁殖期的喷药、剪枝等活动,以保护城市生物多样性。 相似文献
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1985-1987年在猛禽迁徒中途主要停歇地的山东省青岛市浮山、长岛县大黑山岛和辽宁省大连市老铁山,利用环志、染色标记和观察等方法,对其主要种类迁徒规律的生物学特性进行了研究,结果表明:猛禽南迁途径环志研究区的时间为8月下旬至12月中旬。迁徒高峰在9月中旬至10月底,通过环志鸟回收分析表明,猛禽的越冬区域为长江中下游及期 以南地带,并延伸到东南沿海。首次揭示了东北松嫩平原为途径经老铁山地区部分苍鹰的繁殖区域。秋季途径老铁山地区,飞越渤海海峡向南迁飞的部分松雀鹰,春归线则可能沿渤海海湾内侧几东北繁殖区迁飞。 相似文献
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The white-winged guan (Penelope albipennis, Cracidae), thought extinct until 1979, today numbers <300 individuals. We investigated the role of the guans in seed dispersal and predation dynamics by recording seed germination from fecal samples of wild birds during the dry-season (May–December 2010). This study was conducted at Chaparri Ecological Preserve, in the critically endangered Tumbesian ecosystem on the western slope of the Andes. Field observations show that this bird is a frugivore; Cordia lutea (Boraginaceae) was the primary fruit consumed of the eight species of seeds collected from droppings. Collected seeds were sown in pots under nursery conditions and monitored for germination. Germination rates of passed seeds for Cordia lutea were compared to those that had been collected from a control group of trees. Germination was significantly different between fecal and control seeds, suggesting the plant germinated better after passing through the guans alimentary tract. The identification of flower structures, and digested seeds in feces show that guans can be effective fruit and flower predators. This study provides further information regarding the diet for conservation of the white-winged guan and suggests the bird may aid seed germination in some instances and may act as a predator in others. 相似文献
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Naoko Emura Kazuto Kawakami Tomohiro Deguchi Koichi Sone 《Journal of Forest Research》2012,17(4):352-359
Some introduced frugivorous birds disperse introduced plants and are thus a substitute for extinct native birds. Introduced birds have negative and/or infrequently positive effects on local ecosystems. It is important for management of the ecosystems to understand the relationships between native and introduced frugivorous and plant species. In this study, we elucidated these relationships in Mukojima Island, the Bonin Islands, where was anthropologically deforested and Japanese White-eye Zosterops japonicus and some plants were already introduced. We examined the habitat selection of frugivorous birds, actual dispersed seeds in bird feces, and the distribution of the potentially dispersed plant species. The Japanese White-eye and the native, Blue Rockthrush Monticola solitarius, were dominant on this island. The former mainly used the forest area and dispersed only small seeds and frequently introduced plant seeds. The latter mainly used the open area and dispersed both small and large seeds. Some small-seed plants occurred not only in the forest but also in the open area. Their seedlings were distributed farther from their adult trees than the large-seed species. These indicate that small-seed plants would be more spread than the large-seed plants because the two bird species disperse their seeds in different environments. This introduced bird species may be important in vegetation recovery, although it may contribute to the distribution of introduced plants on this island. 相似文献
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随着观鸟活动在国内的盛行,非自然保护地的观测数据逐年增多,及时开展区域鸟类编目工作是掌握本底资源的基础工作。全方位地收集来自自然保护地的文献资料,统计整理2003—2021年西双版纳州观鸟数据,形成西双版纳州鸟类名录并分析其鸟类多样性。结果表明,西双版纳州有鸟类21目83科301属605种,其中留鸟占比70.58%。有国家重点保护鸟类160种,其中110种仅分布于个别县市,有118种鸟类被评估为受威胁物种,需要重点关注。各县市鸟类种的相似度一般,但科的相似度较高,全州鸟类属-科多样性较高。根据研究结果提出西双版纳州鸟类保护建议。 相似文献
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森林蚂蚁的研究与利用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文介绍了国内外森林蚂蚁的研究概况,总结了世界上利用有益森林蚁类的历史和方法,以及有害蚂蚁及其防治途径。对今后的蚂蚁利用研究提出了建议。 相似文献