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苜蓿叶蛋白的提取方法及展望 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
苜蓿被誉为“牧草之王”.为多年生宿根性草本植物,是世界著名优良牧草。它适应性强,产量高,适口性好且含有丰富的粗蛋白、矿物质及多种维生素,做为一种优良牧草已被广泛用于养殖业并被大力开发种植。但由于其含有皂素.青饲过多家畜易发生鼓胀病.故对苜蓿进行深加工.开发成各种苜蓿草产品一直受到人们的重视。 相似文献
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《草原与草坪》2004,(2):66-66
被称为“牧草之王”的苜蓿,在美国的种植面积约95 5万hm2 ,仅次于种植面积最大的玉米、小麦、大豆,排列第四位,其后才是棉花。据估计,美国苜蓿干草每年的产值约81亿平美元;苜蓿草产品出口年创造4 94 0万美元。此外,苜蓿还常常与其他牧草混播栽培。苜蓿与其他牧草混播种植的面积约2 4 6 0万hm2 (生产干草) ,年产值134亿美元。苜蓿及苜蓿混播草地的面积与产值大体上与小麦和大豆等同。 在美国,苜蓿种子的生产地主要集中在加州、爱达荷州、内华达州、俄勒冈州、怀俄明州和华盛顿州等地的西北部。1999年,苜蓿种子产值2 .185亿美元。同时,苜蓿… 相似文献
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美国的苜蓿产业(连载之一) 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
一、苜蓿的重要性苜蓿被誉为“牧草王后”,是美国种植最为广泛的四种作物之一,仅次于玉米、小麦和大豆。粗略统计苜蓿干草的年产值达81亿美元。美国用于干草生产的苜蓿种植面积有955.8万公顷,平均干草产量7.5吨公顷,每吨苜蓿干草价值约102.5美元。每年苜蓿草粉和方草捆出口获利4940万美元。美国有苜蓿与其它禾草或豆科牧草混播干草生产草地1506.6万公顷,包括单播苜蓿在内的干草生产草地的总面积有2450.3公顷,约创造产值134亿美元。加上其它牧草的产值,饲草总种植面积和产值相当于小麦和大豆的总和… 相似文献
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黄宏波 《畜牧兽医科技信息》2004,(11):61-61
苜蓿是一种优质牧草,苜蓿干草被认为是家畜最有价值的粗饲料,营养价值为各类牧草之首,其含有丰富的蛋白质、可消化纤维、钙、胆碱、胡萝卜素、硒、钾、硫等,消化率比一般的牧草高。苜蓿草的质量优劣与刈割时期和刈割后于草的调制方法和调制水平有很大的关系,为了保证生产出高质量的产品.苜蓿的刈割时期应在现蕾晚期到开花早期收割,并在收割后短时间 相似文献
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西部地区苜蓿产业化发展的战略思考(续) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
三、苜蓿草生产在农业种植结构调整中的重要地位 苜蓿属豆科多年生草本植物,是世界上栽培面积最早、分布面积最大的良种牧草。目前已被列为栽培牧草中优良草种的典型代表。紫花苜蓿由于具有由发达的直根和大量的须根组成的庞大根系,所以其具有生长快、抗干旱、耐盐碱、适应能力强等特点。而且,苜蓿还能改良土壤,防风固沙,在气温0~55℃范围内苜蓿品种都能正常生长。美国将苜蓿与粮食作物以3~4年换一次 相似文献
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青干苜蓿草叶替代部分精料饲喂奶牛试验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
苜蓿是世界上栽培最广的多年豆科优良牧草作物,因产量高,品质好,适应性强,适口性好,有“豆科牧草之王”的称号,其品种较多,各地多种植紫花苜蓿。宁夏美隆农牧发展有限公司种植了二千多亩美国大叶苜蓿,我场进行了利用该公司生产的青干苜蓿草叶替代部分精料饲喂奶牛的可行性试验。1材料与方法:1.1从试验牛的选择和分组:选择产奶量接近,产奶月份相同的奶牛30头,随机分成条件相似的两组(各15头)其中一组用传统方法饲喂(对照组),另一组(试验组)用2公斤青干苜蓿草叶替代2公斤精料,并对日粮进行优化。1.2试验牛的日粮组成见表1,奶牛每日分早、中、… 相似文献
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紫花苜蓿栽培、管理、利用技术要点 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
紫花苜蓿也叫紫苜蓿、苜蓿或苜蓿草,原产小亚西亚、伊朗、外高加索一带,至今有2000多年的栽培历史,是世界上栽培最早的牧草,也是世界上种植面积最大、种植国家最多的优质牧草。其产量高、质量好、营养全面丰富,是任何牧草都无法比拟的,所以被誉为牧草之王。紫花苜蓿目前全国各地都有栽培,尤以北方种植较为广泛。1紫花苜蓿的生长特点紫花苜蓿为豆科苜蓿属多年生草本植物。根系发达,根颈和侧根发达,主根上着生有大量的根瘤,能够固氮。苜蓿高70~80cm,茎叶丰富,有较强的分枝能力,可形成较大的株丛。紫花苜蓿喜温暖半干燥的气候条件,最适生长温… 相似文献
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牧草之王苜蓿,是农牧区常见的饲草之一,它富含多种维生素、矿物质元素、蛋白质、脂肪。苜蓿草营养价值高,适口性好,在当前畜牧业发展中已成为不可缺少的优质牧草。据统计哈密地区巴里坤县苜蓿种植面积逐年增长,由2000年的1829.3hm2增加到目前的7566.7hm2。大力发展苜蓿种植是牲畜安全越冬渡春的保障,是促进畜牧业健康稳定发展的基础。巴里坤县农牧区种植苜蓿后主要以打贮干草形式利用。由于农牧区设施条件差,饲喂方式不合理严重影响了苜蓿草营养价值和经济效益。因此,广大农牧民在利用苜蓿时应注意收割至饲喂环节上存在的问题。1收割时期存… 相似文献
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Beran GW 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2008,86(3-4):198-207
When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures. 相似文献
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Dekker A Dercksen D Snoep J van Wuyjckhuise L 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2007,132(18):695-701
On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures. 相似文献
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在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。 相似文献
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近几年,世界饲用添加剂市场增长较快,预计今后将进一步增长,据世界粮农组织(FAO)首领会议的倡议,到2015年,将使世界营养不良的人口削减一半,其间,肉制品将会以每年2%的速度增长,特别是加快猪肉和禽肉增长。这将促进世界添加剂,尤其是蛋氨酸和赖氨酸需求量的增加。 相似文献
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