西瓜杂交种遗传多态性的SRAP标记分析

 利用新型分子标记SRAP ( Sequence2Related Amp lified Polymorphism) 进行西瓜杂交种遗传多态性的研究, 利用25个引物组合对当前生产上推广的20个西瓜杂交种进行扩增, 从中筛选得到20个多态性引物组合, 共产生135个多态性条带, 平均每个引物组合产生71.1个多态性条带, 显示了较高的多态性比率。聚类分析20个引物组合的扩增结果, 20份材料分为3大类, Jaccardps相似系数在0.29～0.86之间。     

丝瓜种质资源遗传多样性的SSR与SRAP分析

利用SSR和SRAP标记对30份丝瓜种质资源进行遗传多样性分析,分别从52对SSR和48对SRAP引物中选取10对和12对多态性好的引物,其中10对SSR引物共扩增出32条多态性带,12对SRAP引物扩增出118条多态性带。30份种质间的平均遗传相似系数为0.761,说明丝瓜间种质遗传背景比较狭隘。聚类分析显示,30份丝瓜种质被划分为普通丝瓜与有棱丝瓜两大类。     

36 份枣品种SSR 指纹图谱的构建

 利用12 对SSR 引物对36 个枣品种进行分析,采用荧光M13 毛细管电泳技术进行多态检测,共检测到99 个多态位点,每对引物的多态位点数达到8.25,PIC 值变幅为0.62 ~ 0.85,平均为0.75。依据12 对SSR 引物在36 个品种中扩增的特异带型组合,采用引物-带型组合法构建了36 个枣品种的指纹图谱,并对这36 份枣品种做聚类分析,遗传相似系数在0.6667 ~ 0.9444 之间。研究结果为枣树分类、种质鉴定和分子育种提供了重要的工具。     

万寿菊杂交一代遗传多态性的SRAP标记分析

 应用SRAP (Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism) 分子标记对当前市场上推广的48个万寿菊杂交一代品种进行遗传多态性研究,用60个引物组合进行扩增,从中筛选到20个多态性引物组合,共产生289个多态性条带,平均每个引物组合产生14.45个多态性条带,显示了较高的多态性比率。聚类分析20个引物组合的扩增结果,48份材料分为两大类,Jaccard's相似系数在0.25～0.91之间。     

樱桃SRAP-PCR体系优化及其遗传多样性分析

选取亲缘关系较远的3个不同基因型樱桃资源为试材,对影响SRAP标记PCR反应的模板、Mg2+、dNTPs、Taq酶及引物浓度进行了优化,建立了适合于樱桃SRAP标记的扩增体系。反应体系具体为:模板DNA75ng,dNTPs0.2mmol·L-1,Mg2+2.5mmol·L-1,引物0.3μmol·L-1,Taq酶1.0U,反应总体积20μL。采用优化的扩增体系,对45个樱桃种质材料进行了遗传多样性分析,筛选8对扩增清晰且多态性高的引物组合,检测位点共227个,其中多态性位点192个,占84.6%。应用NTSYS-pc软件进行聚类分析(UPGMA),结果表明45个樱桃品种可分为欧洲甜樱桃和中国樱桃2大类,品种间遗传相似系数在0.52～0.98;其中中国樱桃与甜樱桃种间的相似系数最小,表明2类种质具有不同的遗传背景;而组群内的不同品种资源表现了较高的遗传相似性。SRAP分子标记的聚类分析揭示了樱桃品种间亲缘关系与地理分布以及来源相关。     

山西梨属植物资源的SSR遗传多样性分析

以50份野生梨属植物资源为试材,应用SSR分子标记技术对其进行了遗传多样性分析,以探索山西省梨属植物资源的遗传多样性。结果表明:筛选的40对SSR引物扩增得到236个等位基因位点,平均每对引物扩增得到5.90个等位点。不同样品间遗传多样性指数为0.276 2~0.431 9,检测位点杂合度为0.335 0~0.775 0,多态信息含量变化范围在0.236 8~0.431 2,表明4个遗传多样性参数均表现出较高的遗传多样性。聚类分析结果显示,50份样品相似系数的变化范围在0.444 9~0.944 9,样品在相似系数0.57处被分为四大类群,类群I为豆梨类,类群II、III、IV为杜梨类;其中,类群II、III集中了大部分白家山和绛县地区的样品,类群IV的样品全部来自太谷,表明山西梨属植物资源的聚类结果与样品的地理分布基本吻合;发现大果、绿皮杜梨野生资源。     

66份杨梅种质SRAP标记遗传多样性分析

利用SRAP标记技术对来自江苏的51份、浙江的9份和福建的6份共66份杨梅种质进行遗传多样性分析。从64对SRAP引物组合中筛选出57对多态性较好、扩增清晰的引物组合。这57对引物组合共扩增出431条带,其中213条具有多态性,多态率49.4%。66份杨梅种质间的Dice遗传相似系数在0.59~0.85之间。UPGMA聚类分析结果表明,在相似系数0.618处可将66份种质划分为3大类,分别代表福建杨梅、浙江杨梅和江苏杨梅,地理来源相近的品种相对聚合,少数浙江和福建品种与江苏品种间出现交叉聚类。这揭示了杨梅品种间亲缘关系与地理分布以及来源密切相关。     

洋葱种质资源遗传多样性的SRAP和ISSR分析

利用SRAP和ISSR分子标记技术对58份洋葱种质资源进行遗传多样性分析,筛选出9个扩增效果较好的ISSR引物,共扩增出105条清晰的条带,其中有多态位点的条带数为104条,多态性条带比率为99％;筛选出11个扩增效果较好的SRAP引物,共扩增出132条清晰的条带,其中有多态位点的条带数为115条,多态性条带比率为87...     

仁用杏品种SRAP遗传多样性分析及指纹检索系统的开发

利用SRAP标记对24份仁用杏品种进行了遗传多样性分析。15对引物共扩增出280条带,其中241条为多态性谱带,多态性比率为85.34%;每个引物组合扩增谱带数在13 ~ 24条之间,平均为18.7条;多态性信息含量（PIC）在0.28 ~ 0.65之间,平均为0.51。基于引物Me4-Em4扩增的多态性谱带,构建的指纹检索系统可以区分24个仁用杏品种。根据SRAP扩增结果,利用UPGMA法构建树状聚类图,在相似系数为0.70处可将24个仁用杏品种分为4组,聚类结果与形态分类基本一致。     

野生和栽培桔梗种质遗传多样性的SRAP研究

采用SRAP分子标记技术,对8份野生和8份栽培桔梗种质资源进行遗传多样性研究,旨在为桔梗的遗传育种提供理论依据。结果表明:12对随机引物组合共扩增出109条谱带,平均每对引物组合扩增出9.1条谱带,其中扩增出80条多态性谱带,平均每对引物组合扩增出6.7条多态性谱带,多态率为73.4%,显示出了较高的多态性。试验中SRAP数据的遗传相似系数范围为0.56~0.88,并以遗传相似系数0.56为标准,将16份桔梗种质资源分为野生桔梗和栽培桔梗二大类群。     

基于SRAP的三倍体无子西瓜品种指纹分析和杂种纯度鉴定

为了解三倍体无子西瓜品种SRAP(Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism)扩增特点及其在三倍体西瓜杂种纯度鉴定中的适应性,利用SRAP引物组合对当前生产上推广的9个三倍体无子西瓜品种进行了指纹分析和杂种纯度鉴定研究。结果表明,1)30对引物组合中筛选出多态性引物组合24对,共产生109条多态性带,平均每对引物组合产生多态性带4.5条,单个组合的多态性比率在12.5%～80%。2)结合多对SRAP引物组合,可以鉴别不同品种。3)在黑蜜5号及其父母本的指纹分析中,发现有1对引物组合(ME4/EM3)在黑蜜5号杂交种上扩增出了特异的条带,可以区分母本和杂交种,试验证明该引物组合能够用于黑蜜5号的杂种纯度鉴定。     

SRAP在葱栽培品种遗传多样性研究中的适用性分析

为评价SRAP技术对葱品种进行鉴定和遗传关系分析的适用性, 对20个葱栽培品种的表型特征进行了观察记载, 利用256个SRAP引物组合对其进行了遗传多样性研究。结果表明: (1) 256个SRAP引物组合中有161个引物组合产生多态性条带, 占所用引物组合数的62.9%。161个引物组合共产生336条多态性条带, 不同引物组合产生的多态性条带数为1～6个, 平均2.1个。20个葱栽培品种遗传相似系数变幅为0.464～0.938, 平均0.703。(2) 依据SRAP进行聚类分析的分类结果与依据表型特征分类的结果一致。上述结果说明SRAP标记可以在葱栽培品种的鉴定和遗传多样性研究中应用。     

DNA fingerprinting and genetic diversity analysis of late-bolting radish cultivars with RAPD,ISSR and SRAP markers

Three molecular marker systems, RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA), ISSR (inter-simple sequence repeat) and SRAP (sequence-related amplified polymorphism), were employed for identification and genetic diversity analysis of 35 elite late-bolting radish cultivars. Detected by 35 RAPD primers, 22 ISSR primers and 17 SRAP primer combinations, the proportions of polymorphic bands were 85.44%, 85.2% and 85.41%, respectively, and the mean genetic similarity coefficients between pairs of genotypes were 0.781, 0.787 and 0.764, respectively. Each of the three molecular marker systems can identify all the cultivars. Five sets of three-RAPD primers, 3 sets of three-ISSR primers and 16 sets of three-SRAP primer combinations were able to distinguish all the cultivars. A linear relationship was observed between Resolving power (Rp) of a primer and its ability to distinguish genotypes. The 35 cultivars were clustered into three major groups based on the RAPD, ISSR and marker combination data with UPGMA, which are in high accordance with their own origins and main characteristics. The results demonstrated that these three marker systems could be useful for identification and genetic diversity analysis of radish cultivars.     

SRAP、ISSR和RAPD分子标记技术在银耳菌株鉴别上的应用

Three types of molecular markers (SRAP, ISSR and RAPD) were used to identify four Tremella fuciformis strains, T6 (white), T7 (white), T8 (yellow) and T9 (light yellow). Twelve SRAP primer pairs, ten ISSR primers and eight RAPD primers were screened, and identification data obtained using the three molecular markers were consistent in that the four T. fuciformis strains were divided into three groups with T7 and T9 clustered together in a single group. Each RAPD primer generated a higher average number of polymorphic bands than either the SRAP or ISSR primers, and the average similarity between the four strains was 81.34%. SRAP markers reflected more genetic information compared with the two other markers, and the average similarity was 68.98%. Genetic information reflected by ISSR markers was intermediate between SRAP and RAPD, and the average similarity was 77.48%.     

部分矮牵牛品种亲缘关系的SRAP分析

本文首次利用分子标记SRAP(sequence-related amplified polymorphism)对部分矮牵牛品种进行亲缘关系分析。采用88对引物对我国栽培的58个矮牵牛品种进行扩增,从中筛选得到20个多态性较高的引物组合,共产生389条多态性条带,平均每个引物组合产生19.5个多态性条带,每个引物组合分别产生13～40个扩增带,Jaccard's相似系数在0.55～0.87之间。在遗传距离(GD)为0.67处,可将58个矮牵牛品种分为4个类群,第一类群主要为暖色系列的品种,第二类群为黄色花品种,第三、四类群为冷色花品种,白色花品种聚类较散。本研究结果为开展矮牵牛新品种保护、种子纯度检测以及分子育种提供了分子生物学资料。     

Genetic diversity of Rehmannia glutinosa cultivars based on sequence-related amplified polymorphism markers

SRAP analytic system was used to assess genetic diversity of Rehmnnia glutinosa. Twenty-three Rehmnnia glutinosa cultivars were screened with 288 primer combinations, of which 13 produced stable and reproducible amplification patterns in three repetitive experiments. Among a total of 338 amplified fragments, 306 (90.5%) were polymorphic, with an average of 23.5 fragments for each primer combination. The percentage of polymorphic bands for each primer combination varied from 58.3 to 100%. The cultivars had a similarity ranging from 0.335 to 0.713 with a mean of 0.518. Shannon's diversity index and expected heterozygosity were 0.3217 and 0.2008, respectively. Based on the cluster, which were conducted on the similarity matrix of SRAP marker data, the cultivars were divided into four groups at the 20 rescaled distance cluster combine. The results demonstrated that SRAP is a stable marker technique for the assessment of genetic diversity of Rehmannia glutinosa cultivars, and that the level of genetic diversity among them from different production areas was relatively high.