庆元灰树花的驯化及栽培技术要点

对庆元灰树花野生种驯化和栽培。结果表明：庆元灰树花菌丝生长最适温度20-25℃;子实体生长阶段最适温度15-20℃;子实体原基形成与发育生长空气相对湿度85％-95％。     

灰树花采摘标准

灰树花采摘标准于田（河北迁西职教中心０６４３００）灰树花的人工栽培已进入大面积推广生产阶段，因没有对灰树花采摘标准作具体规定，多数菇农对灰树花采摘认识模糊，不能做到适时采摘，致使每年灰树花的产量、质量和经济效益都受到很大影响。所以，笔者以自己的实践经...     

白色灰树花GF—8及栽培要点

白色灰树花ＧＦ－８，是笔者利用生物工程技术从名贵真菌灰树花品种中筛选出的新菌株。其子实体形成至成熟色泽均洁白，外观形态优美，鲜菇脆嫩爽口，干品香味浓郁，风味独特，具有广阔的开发前景。现将其特性及栽培技术要点介绍如下：１白色灰树花ＧＦ－８生物学特性　温度：菌丝生长温度范围为８～３４℃，最适生长温度为２６～３０℃，子实体生长发育温度为１２～２２℃，最适生育温度为１６～１８℃；湿度：培养基适宜含水量为６２％～６５％，菌丝生长阶段空气相对湿度为６０％～６５％，子实体发生至成熟，空气相对湿度为８５％～９５…     

中国灰树花专利现状分析

2000年以来，我国灰树花产业发展迅速，研发水平不断提升，虽然专利申请总量居世界首位，但年均申请量下降，出现专利维持年限短、类型单一、质量略低等问题，阻碍灰树花产品技术研发。以中国灰树花专利为研究对象，分析灰树花专利的申请趋势、地域分布、运营信息、法律状态等，阐述灰树花专利发展历程，为我国完善灰树花专利布局、产业升级提供基础参考。     

灰树花多糖提取工艺优化及多糖冲剂的研制

采用正交试验法优化了微波辅助提取灰树花多糖的条件，研究了多糖冲剂制备工艺，并用苯酚-硫酸法对灰树花多糖冲剂中多糖含量进行了测定。结果表明，以水为溶剂，灰树花多糖最佳提取条件为：提取时间10min，微波功率为80％（全功率为800W），液料比为25：1。灰树花多糖冲剂配方为：灰树花粗多糖：可溶性淀粉：甜蜜素为1：4：0．04，冲剂中多糖含量为6．988％．     

袋栽灰树花高产技术初探

灰树花又名贝叶多孔菌，俗称云蕈，日本称舞茸。是一种名贵食、药用菌。近年来作为一种高级保健食品，风行日本市场。因其突出的营养和药用价值，正引起人们的广泛关注。目前多采用瓶式或菌包式栽培。而此办法存在生产成本高、工艺烦、占用面积大、出菇率低、质量差等缺点。为解决以上缺点，笔者进行袋栽灰树花试验，亦取得了成功。现将该技术要点简介如下：１季节安排灰树花菌丝能在１５～２７℃范围内生长，最适生长温度为２１～２５℃。子实体生长温度１６～２４℃，以１８—２１℃为宜，空气湿度８５％～９５％最适宜。根据这个温、湿度…     

营养条件对莱芜灰树花菌丝体生长的影响

本文研究了不同碳源、氮源和无机盐等营养条件对莱芜灰树花菌丝体生长的影响，结果表明，莱芜灰树花菌丝体生长最适碳源为甘乳糖，最适氮源为(NH4)2SO4、KH2PO4，对菌丝体的生长具有明显的促进作用，为莱芜灰树花培养基和培养料的科学制备提供了依据。     

灰树花不同配方栽培研究

对灰树花七种栽培配方进行了研究，其结果表明：木屑和棉籽壳作为栽培的主要原料，若等比例混合。生物学效率最高；麦麸与玉米粉搭配使用，可以提高灰树花的产量及生物学效率；平菇废料是栽培灰树花较好的原料，并具有很好的经济效益、社会效益和生态效益；并筛选出灰树花高产的三个配方。     

灰树花不同菌株深层发酵培养基的初步筛选

研究了不同菌株和培养基类型对灰树花深层发酵菌丝体产量的影响。对Gr1、Gr2、Gr3、Gr4和Gr5等5个灰树花菌株进行深层发酵培养，并测量了菌丝体生长情况，其中Gr1和Gr5的生长情况优于其它3个菌种，玉米粉培养基比PDA培养基和基本培养基更有利于灰树花菌丝的生长。     

灰树花母种培养基筛选的研究

本文对灰树花母种培养基进行了筛选研究。经过初筛、复筛，结果表明，在马铃薯木屑培养基上灰树花菌丝生长速度快，而且浓密、粗壮。     

葡萄贮藏保鲜技术研究进展

葡萄是我国五大水果之一,其贮藏保鲜对我国葡萄产业的发展至关重要。从葡萄采收期、贮藏温度、冷藏、冰温贮藏、辐照处理、保鲜剂应用、气调贮藏等几个方面对生产与研究中葡萄贮藏保鲜技术进行了比较与分析,总结出系统的葡萄贮藏保鲜技术及葡萄贮藏保鲜的研究现状与发展方向,为葡萄的贮藏保鲜研究与生产应用提供借鉴。     

植物害虫检疫处理技术研究进展

介绍国内外植物检疫各种处理技术应用现状及其优缺点,探讨辐射处理技术和气调处理技术的研究方向和发展趋势。     

砂梨采后生理及贮藏技术研究

简述砂梨果实采后呼吸、乙烯等主要生理特性,综述国内外预冷、CA气调贮藏、冷藏及1-MCP保鲜剂等贮藏技术对砂梨保鲜效果的研究进展.     

Erh?hung der Temperatur bei der Apfellagerung durch Einsatz von 1-MCP

The investigations should purify whether the temperature during apple storage can be increased by application of 1-MCP to decrease energy consumption and costs. The investigations were carried out over 2 years with the following treatments: Year 1: The apple cultivars ‘Elstar, Elshof’ and ‘Gala, Must’ were investigated. For both cultivars 3 different storage temperatures (1, 2 and 4°C) with and without application of 1-MCP were examined. Each temperature and 1-MCP treatment was investigated both under CA-/ULO-conditions with 1.5% O₂ and 2% CO₂ and in cold storage with normal atmosphere. Year 2: The apple cultivars ‘Jonagold, Jonica’ und ‘Golden Delicious, Weinsberg’ were investigated. For both cultivars 3 different storage temperatures (1, 2 and 4°C) with and without application of 1-MCP were examined. Each temperature and 1-MCP treatment was investigated both under CA-/ULO-conditions with 1.5% O₂ and 3% CO₂ and in cold storage with normal atmosphere. The influence of temperature, storage atmosphere and 1-MCP application on fruit firmness, soluble dry matter (sugar) and fruit acid was investigated on 6 dates (September to October in the first year) respectively on 5 dates (October to March) during the storage period. Following results were obtained:

1. In the first year storage temperature did not influence the content of soluble dry matter of both cultivars. Application of 1-MCP led to a less decomposition of soluble dry matter. In the second year the content of soluble dry matter decreased slightly with increasing temperatures. A clear positive effect of 1-MCP-application was not noticeable. Altogether an increase of storage temperature has no or only a small influence of the content of soluble dry matter. 1-MCP can slow down the decomposition of soluble dry matter.
2. An increase of storage temperature had no or only a small influence of fruit firmness. With increasing storage temperature fruit firmness decreased slightly.1-MCP application led to a higher fruit firmness, especially during cold storage in normal atmosphere. In both years all cultivars showed a same or higher fruit firmness at 4°C with 1-MCP application under CA-/ULO-conditions as at 1°C without 1-MCP application under CA-/ULO-conditions.
3. An increase of storage temperature had no or only a small influence of the content of fruit acid.1-MCP application under CA-/ULO-conditions reduced the decomposition of fruit acid. In both years usually all cultivars showed a same or higher content of fruit acid at 4°C with 1-MCP application under CA-/ULO-conditions as at 1°C without 1-MCP application under CA-/ULO-conditions.

The results show that an increasing of storage temperature under CA-/ULO-conditions and with 1-MCP application has no negative influence on fruit quality in comparison to fruits which were stored under CA-/ULO-conditions at low temperatures without 1-MCP application.     

Einfluss von Blattdüngung und Lagerverfahren auf die Druckstellenempfindlichkeit von Äpfeln

The influence of foliar fertilization and storage method on the bruise sensitivity of apples was investigated. The foliar fertilization was carried out with calcium, manganese or zinc by the cultivars ‘Braeburn’ and ‘Jonagold’. Fruits have been stored at 2°C in normal atmosphere (cold storage) or in film bags (CA-/ULO-storage (CA?=?controlled atmosphere, ULO?=?ultra low oxygen) for three months. Monthly fruits were bruised with a penetrometer applying a range of pressures. One day later the appearance of bruises was evaluated. Increasing pressures resulted in bruises of increasing severity. Foliar fertilization had no effect on the bruise susceptibility of both cultivars. The application of manganese and zinc led to an increase of manganese and zinc concentration in the leaves. The calcium concentration of fruits was not affected by the manganese and zinc application. The application of calcium increased the calcium concentration in the leaves and fruits to a lower degree, but no effect on the bruise sensitivity could be observed. No differences were observed in storage conditions, but duration of storage increased the bruise sensitivity of ‘Braeburn’. In comparison of the cultivars ‘Braeburn’ was less sensitive than ‘Jonagold’.     

壳聚糖在水果贮藏保鲜中的应用研究

本文首先介绍了壳聚糖的理化性质及生理功能,壳聚糖具有很好的气调性、保湿性和抑菌性,这些性质使得壳聚糖适宜作为水果保鲜剂,目前已被广泛应用在食品行业;然后讨论了壳聚糖的保鲜机理,在此基础上,进一步对壳聚糖膜保鲜水果的应用进行了分类介绍。     

Short-term storage of Discovery apples

Summary

The effects of store temperature and atmosphere, picking date and ethephon application on the quality of the early apple cv Discovery after storage for up to 42–44 days were investigated. Quality deterioration during storage was retarded by the use of low O₂ or high CO₂ atmospheres and low temperatures. Quality declined with advancing maturity, and pre-harvest ethephon application markedly increased flesh breakdown post-storage, particularly in later-picked fruit.     

盆栽食用菌在园林景观设计中的应用价值

以盆栽食用菌的选择栽培条件为基础,对盆栽食用菌在园林景观设计中的应用价值进行全面的探讨。通过搭配不同颜色的食用菌,可以使盆栽食用菌与整体空间保持协调,营造出良好的园林景观氛围,使城市园林景观设计更加具有独特性、创新性。     

灵芝盆景艺术在室内装饰设计中的应用

以灵芝盆景艺术为研究对象,讨论了灵芝盆景在室内空间设计、商业办公装饰和餐饮室内装饰中的应用。将灵芝盆景艺术应用到现代室内装饰的设计中,可以增添更多的美学设计元素,拓展室内装饰设计的思路,为人们营造更多的室内艺术氛围。     

箱式气调对杨梅保鲜效果影响

利用气调箱结合保鲜剂的方法对杨梅进行保鲜试验。结果表明:该保鲜技术可将杨梅保鲜期延长至21 d以上;15%浓度CO2的人工气调(CA)环境下,冷藏21 d,杨梅好果率在97%以上,果实外形、色泽保持较好,异味少;而自发气调(MA)条件下,杨梅风味保持较好。