苎麻秆的基本特性及无胶碎料板制造工艺

从苎麻秆的产量、分布以及基本物理化学性质等方面,分析了苎麻秆作为无胶碎料板原料的可行性.苎麻在我国的产量丰富,分布也较集中,这为工业化生产创造了条件.根据苎麻秆的特点制定相应的生产工艺,在实验室条件下生产出的无胶苎麻秆碎料板物理力学性能可达到JIS A 5908日本人造板检测标准要求.     

竹碎料含水率对无胶竹木复合夹层板性能的影响

以竹碎料为芯层材料,以杨木单板为表板材料制备无胶竹木复合夹层板,研究芯层竹碎料含水率对夹层板各种性能指标的影响规律。结果表明:芯层竹碎料含水率对无胶竹木复合夹层板的内结合强度、表面胶合强度、吸水厚度膨胀率的影响显著,而对静曲强度和弹性模量的影响不显著。综合考虑各种性能指标,确定芯层竹碎料的含水率为18%左右制备的无胶竹木复合夹层板的性能较优,并且达到室内干燥状态下使用的普通刨花板的用板要求。     

喷蒸热压法棉秆无胶碎料板的研制

以棉秆为原料,采用喷蒸热压法研制无胶碎料板,探讨板的密度、蒸汽压力及喷蒸时间对棉秆无胶碎料板的物理力学性能的影响.结果表明:在试验范围内,随着板密度增大,无胶碎料板的静曲强度、弹性模量与内结合强度明显提高;提高蒸汽压力及延长喷蒸时间,能明显降低无胶碎料板的吸水厚度膨胀率.     

互花米草碎料板的生产工艺

研究以互花米草为原料,以脲醛树脂为胶黏剂制作碎料板的生产工艺。试验表明:在互花米草各部位中以杆部为原料制作出的碎料板性能最好;由于互花米草的表皮存在较高的硅物质,通过加大互花米草茎秆的粉碎程度,使表皮组织尽可能分散,能够显著提高碎料板的性能;互花米草碎料板存在内结合强度和吸水厚度膨胀率性能较差问题,作者尝试通过增加密度和施胶量对性能进行改善,结果表明增加施胶量效果较为明显;将互花米草与木质刨花混合制作木草复合碎料板,容易解决互花米草碎料板内结合强度低的问题,试验中当互花米草的质量分数为35%时,木草复合碎料板的内结合强度超过木质普通刨花板标准要求。     

大豆蛋白胶稻草碎料板制备关键工艺参数研究

采用自制大豆蛋白胶,通过热压法对稻草碎料板的制备工艺参数进行了系列试验的结果表明：稻草碎料板的静曲强度（MOR）在施胶量为71%时（相当于粗蛋白添加量为12%）最强,接近GB/T 21723-2008的要求;稻草碎料板的内结合强度（IB）随着施胶量的增大而增强,在施胶量为82%时（相当于粗蛋白添加量为18%）,内结合强度接近GB/T 21723-2008的要求;稻草碎料粒径对稻草板的静曲强度和内结合强度影响不显著,稻草碎料板的静曲强度和内结合强度随板材表观密度增大而显著增强。     

工艺参数对无机胶黏剂稻草板性能的影响

以自主研发的无机胶黏剂和稻草碎料为原料,利用冷压成型工艺制备稻草板。通过单因素试验研究了胶黏剂与秸秆比例、稻草形态、板材结构和密度对稻草板物理力学性能的影响规律。试验结果表明,胶黏剂与细料、粗料、粗细混合料的质量比分别为2.2,2.0和2.0时,稻草板的性能最佳,均满足国家标准要求。在同等施胶量的情况下,粗料制备稻草板的静曲强度(MOR)和弹性模量(MOE)最大,混合料制备稻草板的内结合强度(IB)最大,吸水厚度膨胀率(TS)最小。同等细粗料比例下,单层结构稻草板的MOR、MOE、IB和TS均比3层结构稻草板大。稻草板的MOR、MOE、IB和TS与密度均呈密切线性相关,并得回归方程分别为y=19.148x-2.941 1,y=3 711.495x-343.151 2,y=1.902x-1.052 1和y=-2.336x+4.706 0。当密度大于1.0 g/cm3,稻草板的各项物理力学性能均符合GB/T 21723—2008的要求。另外,无机胶黏剂实现了稻草板的高效阻燃和抑烟特性。     

竹材水泥碎料板制造初探

用正交试验法探讨竹材碎料的预处理方法,板材密度和水泥/竹材比对产品的静曲强度,吸水率和吸水厚度膨胀率的影响规律。研究结果表明,以竹材为原料制造水泥碎料板的竹材必须进行预处理,否则不能硬化成板;竹材水泥碎料板的静曲强度随着板的密度增大而增大,吸水率随板的密度增大而降低。水泥/竹材比对吸水率无显著影响;竹材水泥碎料板的吸水厚度膨胀率是随水泥/竹材比增大而降低,与板的密度无明显关系。     

单宁胶亚麻屑碎料板生产工艺及老化性能的研究

研究中采用正交设计安排试验，通过综合分析，得出单宁胶亚麻屑碎料板的生产工艺和利用该工艺生产的碎料板的耐加速老化性能结果。研究结果表明：密度为０．７５ｇ／ｃｍ￣３的单宁胶亚麻屑碎料板性能不仅达到德国室外建筑用刨花板标准ＤＩＮ６８７６３Ｖ１００的要求，而且达到了我国混凝土模板用柳安胶合板标准（ＺＢＢ７０００６－８８）的技术指标要求。     

烟秆/聚乙烯复合材料的制备工艺及其性能研究

研究了以烟秆碎料和聚乙烯（PE）为原料制造木塑复合材料的生产工艺,探讨了木塑配比、热压温度、热压时间及板材密度对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明：复合板材的最优工艺参数是烟秆碎料：聚乙烯为6：4、热压时间10 min、热压温度160℃、热压压力10 MPa、试验板密度0.8 g/cm3、酒精用量为聚乙烯用量的3%。     

麦秸/木材三层结构无机刨花板的制备工艺

以麦秸、木材碎料和无机胶黏剂制备麦秸/木材三层结构刨花板。研究麦秸与木材配比、板材密度、热压时间和温度对板材性能的影响。结果表明:随麦秸配比增加,板材抗弯性能降低,内结合强度增大,吸水厚度膨胀率(TS)减小;随密度增加和热压时间延长,板材力学性能增大,TS降低;随热压温度升高,板材力学性能先增大后减小,TS呈相反趋势。优化制板工艺为:碎料配比5:5,密度1.2g/cm~3,热压时间30min,温度100℃。     

热压温度及板材密度对竹木复合层积材顺纹抗压强度的影响

通过单因变量两因素重复试验,以毛竹竹篾和桦木单板为原料,使用酚醛树脂胶黏剂压制竹木复合层积材,分析热压温度及板材密度对竹木复合层积材顺纹抗压强度的影响。结果表明,在试验选定因素水平范围内,热压温度和板材密度对竹木复合层积材顺纹抗压强度影响显著,板材顺纹抗压强度随热压温度的升高而增强,但145℃与160℃两水平之间差异并不显著;不同密度对板材顺纹抗压强度的影响差异显著,板材的顺纹抗压强度随板材密度的增大而增大;在其他工艺参数相对不变的情况下,热压温度与板材密度的交互作用对板材顺纹抗压强度的影响并无显著的影响。     

竹木复合定向刨花板强度性能研究

本文论述了竹材、意大利杨复合定向刨花板的强度性能,就胶种、刨花厚度、竹材所占比率、板密度、板坯结构、施胶量等诸因子对板材强度性能的影响进行了探讨。结果表明:(1)胶种对竹木复合定向刨花板的强度影响不大;(2)降低刨花厚度或提高板密度均可使板材强度提高;(3)单层结构的复合定向刨花板强度最高;(4)提高板材中竹材的比率可使板子强度明显改善;但竹材比率过高时,板材强重比反而下降,呈开口向下的抛物线型变化;(5)酚醛树脂定向刨花板的强度随原料酸性增大而降低。     

杉木积成材竹片贴面工艺探讨

对杉木积成材进行了竹片贴面的初步试验，结果表明：杉木积成材进行竹片贴面切实可行；竹片贴面后的杉木积成材密腹略高于基材；竹片与基材之间的胶合强度大于基材内部的胶合强度；贴面板的MOR和MOE高于基材：24h吸水厚度膨胀率佟明显低于基材。     

桉树中密度纤维板性能研究

为探讨桉树木材材性与中密度纤维板生产工艺的关系，进行了板材密度、施胶量与产品性能的研究。结果认为桉树中密度纤维板的密度以0.82g/cm     

Effect of board density and layer structure on the mechanical properties of bamboo oriented strandboard

This study examined the effects of density and layer structure on the mechanical properties and dimensional stability of strandboard manufactured from moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens). The strandboard was fabricated in a laboratory at five densities and three different structures including a randomly oriented homogenous board, a unidirectionally oriented homogenous board, and a three-layered board with a cross-oriented core layer (BOSB). Bamboo strand alignment distribution could be predicted using the von Mises distribution function. Bending properties increased with increasing density and were affected by layer structure. The modulus of rupture (MOR) of the threelayered board in the parallel direction increased remarkably compared with the random board MOR; in the perpendicular direction, it exhibited less strength reduction. Elastic properties of the three-layered board could be predicted using elastic constants of the unidirectional board. Internal bond strength (IB) was greatly affected by density, but the layer structure effect did not appear in IB. Linear expansion per unit moisture change ranged from 0.017 to 0.022 for random and three-layered boards; these values are comparable with or lower than values for commercial board.     

Durability characteristics of cement-bonded particleboards manufactured from maize stalk residue

Cement-bonded particleboards of 6 mm in thickness were manufactured using maize stalk (Zea mays) particles of uniform sizes at three levels of board density and additive concentrations respectively. The bending strength and dimensional properties were assessed. Increase in board density and additive concentration caused increase in Modulus of rupture (MOR), Modulus of elasticity (MOE), and decrease in Thickness swelling (TS) and Water absorption (WA). The MOR, MOE and TS of the boards were significantly affected by board density except for WA, but additive concentration affected all the boards’ properties examined at p ≥ 0.05. Strong and dimensional stable cement-bonded boards could be manufactured from maize stalk particles with Portland cement as the binder after hot water treatment. Although the dimensional stability and mechanical strength properties of the boards were affected by the board density and additive concentration, the study revealed that cement-bonded particleboards could be manufactured from maize stalk (Zea mays) particles. However, the increase in board density and additive concentration could cause the increase in MOR and MOE, and cause the decrease in TS and WA of boards.     

毛竹无胶粘剂蒸爆板的制造和特性研究

研究了22、26、33 kg/cm2爆破压力,5 min蒸煮时间对毛竹无胶粘剂蒸爆板的制造和特性的影响,结果表明,无胶板的静曲强度、弹性模量和内结合强度与板材密度普遍呈紧密的线性正相关。爆破压力26 kg/m2、蒸煮时间5 min的蒸爆条件有利于产生高强度的弹性和内结合力。无胶板密度超过1.1 g/cm3时,24 h浸泡处理水分吸收率不超过30%,几乎所有压制成的无胶板的24 h浸泡处理厚度膨胀率不超过10%。     

Reducing resin content and board density without adversely affecting the mechanical properties of particleboard through controlling particle size

Density and resin content are two factors that have a signifi- cant effect on the production cost of wood composite. However, particle size affects resin content and density, which suggests that the interaction of these three factors can be manipulated to reduce the board density and resin content of particleboard without adversely influencing its mechani- cal properties. Some mathematical functional forms based on resin con- tent, board density and slenderness ratio were regressed and an appropri- ate form was chosen. According to analysis of the results using SHA- ZAM 9 software, the exponential function best fit the experimental data. Finally, "indifference curves" of mechanical properties were illustrated and analyzed. The results indicated that negative effects of density or resin content reduction on mechanical properties could be compensated for by controlling particles’ slenderness ratio. Interestingly, increases in slenderness ratio compensated for the negative effects of decreases in resin content or board density on module of rupture (MOR) and module of elasticity (MOE). Moreover, this "compensation ratio" intensified as resin content or density decreased and/or as the MOR or MOE increased. On the other hand, reduction in slenderness ratio indicated a comple- mentary effect on reducing internal bond (IB) strength, a result of de- creases in resin content or density. Moreover, this "complementary ratio" was intensified as resin content or density decreased and/or as IB strength increased.