植物生长调节剂对紫果西番莲离体培养的影响

以紫果西番莲的茎段为外植体，以1／2MS为基础培养基，添加ZEA2－3mg/l，外植体萌芽率高达100％。不定芽在1／2MS培养基中，附加B A1.0 NAA0.1mg/l，其增殖系数最高。芽苗不定根的诱导培养基1／2MS＋IBA1.5-2.3mg/l，其生根率较高，当IBA为2.5mg/l时芽苗生根率达100％。     

栽培番茄与秘鲁番茄种间杂种回交栽培番茄的研究

在广州地区,以‘粤农二号×Lycopersicon peruvianum,F_1’为父本与12个栽培番茄品种、品系及品种间杂种进行有性杂交,获得了大量杂交果。但果内种子大部份中空,仅有少量的种子含有发育不正常的胚,表现出高度的杂交不亲和性。通过采用胚培养方法及胚愈伤组织培养方法,获得了杂种后代植株。胚培养是采用修改的White培养基,得到2株生长较正常的试管苗。胚愈伤组织培养基是采用 MS(′62)基本培养基,附加不同剂量的 KT,BA和IAA。其中以MS+KT(2mg/L)+IAA(1～2mg/L)培养基对胚愈伤组织诱导效果明显。将培养在修改的White培养基上的萌动杂种胚取出切段,再接种在MS+KT(4 mg/L)+IAA(4 mg/L)培养基上,能诱导形成愈伤组织,并分化出不定芽和小苗。将小苗再接种在MS+NAA(0.2mg/L)培养基上,7天后即可出根。小苗移出试管后,栽培成活率可达85％。 用上述方法所得到的华南农大0719-1×(粤农二号×Lycopersicon peru-vianum,F_1)植株,自交可育,种子发育正常。以其与栽培番茄华南农大0718-3、0719-1、0720-1及0769-1再次回交,其杂交的亲和性比栽培番茄与(粤农二号×Lycopericon peruvianum,F_1)杂交的亲和性明显提高。     

唐菖蒲组培脱毒技术研究

 在MS培养基上，附加5 mg/L病毒唑培养唐菖蒲，再经38~40 ℃热处理，切取微茎尖两次，去除了危害唐菖蒲的3种主要病毒TMV、CMV和TVY。以MS+ BA 0.5 mg/L+ NAA 0.5 mg／L+KT l mg/L为继代培养基，1/2MS无激素培养基为成球培养基，进行快繁获得了脱毒种球，移植后，植株生长发育状况得到明显改善。     

番茄真叶愈伤组织诱导及植株再生研究

对番茄外植体诱导愈伤组织、愈伤组织分化和根的诱导条件进行研究.结果表明:适合外植体形成愈伤组织的培养基为MS+BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L;适合愈伤分化的培养基为MS+BA 3.0 mg/L+IAA 0.2 mg/L;适合生根的培养基为1/2MS+IAA 0.1 mg/L.     

锦丰梨花粉植株的诱导

采用花粉发育单核期的‘锦丰’梨花药,接种在1/2 MS附加IAA 0.2mg/L、BA1～2mg/L的培养基上,经过120天产生胚状体。胚状体转入MS附加GA3 0.1mg/L、IBA 0.2mg/L、BA 1mg/L的分化培养基上,经过85天分化幼梢。无根植株转入1/2 MS附加IAA 1.5mg/L的培养基上,经过14天诱导生根,移栽和嫩枝嫁接成活情况良好。     

粉红色索尔邦百合的组培快繁技术研究

研究了以索尔邦百合(Lilium Sorbonne)的鳞片叶为外植体的组培和植株离体再生技术,培养基采用MS基本培养基,附加不同的激素组合.分别获得诱导的愈伤组织、芽及根,并遴选出最佳激素组合,以确立索尔邦百合组织培养再生系统.试验结果表明适合的诱导培养基是MS BA0.5mg/L NAA 0.2mg/L;继代培养基为MS 2,4-D 1.0mg/L和MS BA 0.5mg/L NAA0.2mg/L;生根培养基是1/2MS IBA0.2mg/L和1/2MS NAA0.2mg/L.该方法最大增殖倍数达到5.74.     

国槐下胚轴离体培养和植株再生的研究

对国槐下胚轴进行离体培养,以MS为基本培养基,附加6-BA 1.5 mg/L+NAA0.15 mg/L,分化率和增殖系数分别是50%、5.3,在附加0.6 mg/L IBA的1/2MS培养基中,不定芽生根率最高,为60%,移栽成活率90%。     

不同基因型番茄高效组培再生体系的建立

以‘特大瑞光’、‘菜都982F1’和‘菜都六号’3种番茄为试材,用番茄的下胚轴、子叶、真叶为外植体,研究了不同基因型、不同外植体材料和不同激素浓度对番茄再生体系的影响,以期筛选出适宜不同基因型番茄离体培养的最佳培养条件.结果表明:3个番茄品种均在MS+2.0 mg/L BA+0.30 mg/L NAA培养基中的愈伤组织诱导率最高.‘特大瑞光’诱导不定芽分化的最佳培养基为MS+2.0 mg/L BA+0.10 mg/L NAA;“菜都982F1”诱导不定芽分化的最佳培养基为MS+2.0 mg/L BA+0.05 mg/L NAA;“菜都六号”,诱导不定芽分化的最佳培养基为MS+3.0 mg/LBA+0.05 mg/L NAA.3个不同番茄品种在MS+0.05 mg/L NAA培养基中均获得了最佳的生根效果.     

樱桃种内、种间杂种胚离体培养研究

以樱桃杂种胚为外植体进行离体培养,初步建立起了樱桃杂种胚离体培养体系,将部分杂种苗移栽田间,并鉴定了部分杂种。结果表明:适宜"红花"×GX3杂种胚萌发的培养基配方为1/2MS+BA 2.0mg/L+NAA1.0mg/L+CH1.0 g/L+GA30.2mg/L,适宜"白花"×GX2杂种胚萌发的培养基配方为1/2MS+BA 2.0mg/L+IBA 1.0mg/L+CH1.0g/L+GA30.2mg/L,TL1×GX2、‘红灯’×GX5杂种胚萌发适宜的培养基配方均为1/2MS+BA 2.0mg/L+IBA 1.0mg/L+GA30.2mg/L;1/2MS+BA 0.5mg/L+IBA 0.3mg/L+GA31.0mg/L+CH 1.0g/L为最适宜增殖培养基配方;最适宜生根培养基配方为1/2MS+IBA0.3mg/L;ISSR鉴定结果证实了杂种的真实性。     

番茄子叶再生相关因素的优化研究

以“中蔬四号”番茄品种为试材,研究了不同苗龄和不同有机添加物对番茄愈伤组织诱导及芽分化的影响,并筛选了不定芽伸长和生根的最佳培养基.结果表明:子叶苗龄在8～9 d时再生率较高;有机添加物为0.07％o MES的MS培养基+ZT 2.0 mg/L+IAA 0.1 mg/L比N+N有机更有利于番茄子叶的再生;不定芽伸长的最佳培养基组合为MS+ ZT 1.0 mg/L+ GA1.0 mg/L;而生根的培养基组合为1/2MS+IAA 0.3 mg/L.该研究为今后采用基因工程技术改良番茄性状奠定了基础.     

水果型黄瓜的离体快繁及大田对比试验

将水果型黄瓜S-609的顶芽及带腋芽茎段于添加不同浓度BA、IAA、NAA的MS培养基中进行不定芽的诱导及增殖培养，然后将高度大于2cm的单芽(或带1个腋芽的茎段)于添加～定浓度的IBA、NAA的1／2MS生根培养基中进行生根培养。待生根的试管苗炼苗成活后定植于大田，并以实生苗作为对照进行设施栽培比较。结果表明．以MS BA0．2mg／L(单位下同) IAA0．05为最理想的诱导不定芽及增殖培养基配方；以1／2MS IBA0．05生根良好．生根率达99％，移栽成活率90％以上；在大棚设施栽培条件下，组培苗表现出了该品种的特征、特性，而且比实生苗更早果、丰产。     

Commercial production of Cordyline terminalis (L) Kunth. from shoot apex meristem and assessment for genetic stability of somaclones by isozyme markers

Rapid multiplication of Cordyline terminalis (L) Kunth. was achieved from shoot apex explant on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with 3% (w/v) sucrose and different concentration of growth regulators at various combinations. On MS medium supplemented with BA in combination with Adenine sulphate and IAA, shoot initiation and multiplication were obtained. Best elongations of shoots were found on 1/2 MS basal medium and shoots were rooted on 1/2 MS medium supplemented with IBA. Rooted plants passed through a hardening phase prior to ex vitro transfer. Clonal propagated plants established in garden soil were uniform and identical to mother plant in respect to growth characteristics and morphology. Isozymic profiles of different micropropagated clones were assessed for their genetic stability. Ten clones were tested for six isozymes. Only a few showed variation with respect to the banding pattern in esterase and superoxide dismutase. In superoxide dismutase, the two polymorphic isoforms (Rf 0.06 and 0.45) appeared in the clone C8 of the plants transferred to the field after 15 subcultural passages. Mobility and intensity of bands were monitored in other isozymes. Isozyme markers may be used as a tool for rapid screening of genetic stability in tissue cultured clones of C. terminalis.     

Direct and callus-mediated regeneration of Curcuma soloensis Valeton (Zingiberaceae) and ex vitro performance of regenerated plants

Protocols are outlined for the regeneration of Curcuma soloensis, an attractive tropical ornamental plant, from young vegetative bud explants. We used both direct and callus-mediated regeneration techniques to produce material suitable for mass propagation and the development of transgenic plants. During direct plantlet propagation, the presence of thidiazuron (TDZ) in the growing medium induced more than three times as many shoots as 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), with a mean of 18.7 shoots per explant on MS medium containing 2.5 μM TDZ compared to 5.0 shoots with 40 μM BA. Subsequently, the shoots rooted readily on MS basal medium that was free of plant growth regulators. During indirect plantlet regeneration, TDZ combined with BA and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) had significant effects on embryogenic callus induction and multiplication. The frequency of callus formation was 91.1% for explants cultured on MS basal medium supplemented with 2.5 μM TDZ, 2.0 μM BA and 1.2 μM 2,4-D. On average 7.1 shoots were produced per callus mass cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2.5 μM TDZ, 9.0 μM BA and 1.2 μM naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Regenerated shoots were transferred to MS medium supplemented with 2.5 μM TDZ, to produce multiple shoots. In vitro cultured plantlets readily acclimatized to greenhouse conditions, showing 100% survival rates in a sphagnum, perlite and sand (1:1:1) medium. These plants were transplanted into pots or planted in the field. The ex vitro acclimated plants grew vigorously and produced showy inflorescences 5–6 months after planting. The high-frequency of shoot multiplication and rapid flowering of tissue-cultured plants indicate that C. soloensis has great potential in the floricultural market.     

Development of a regeneration protocol through indirect organogenesis in prickly pear cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill)

An indirect organogenesis regeneration protocol for Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill var “Blanco sin Espinas” is described. One centimeter square cladode explants sections from previously micropropagated prickly pear plants were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 20 different combinations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and benzyladenine (BA). The best calli induction and regeneration response were observed when 2.26 μM 2,4-D and 2.21 μM BA combination was applied to the nopal explants. Regenerating calli was capable of forming new buds when transferred to MS basal medium supplemented with 0.5 μM BA (proliferation medium). Shoot elongation and rooting were achieved on MS medium without plant growth regulators. Excellent acclimatization to greenhouse conditions was observed for all transferred plantlets. By this procedure no morphological differences were observed between the regenerated and mother plants. This protocol may be also utilized to carry out plant regeneration after genetic transformation, in order to develop transformed plants without the presence of chimeric zones.     

红龙草叶片的组织培养及其植株再生

 建立了红龙草叶片再生体系。叶片外植体在培养基MS + 6-BA 1.0 mg/L + 4-PU 1.0 mg/L +NAA 0.1 mg/L上形成浅绿色愈伤组织, 20 d后愈伤组织诱导率达100%。约45.31%的愈伤组织在添加6-BA 1.0 mg/L和NAA 0.4 mg/L的MS培养基上分化出紫红色的不定芽, 约6%的愈伤组织在该培养基上产生出细小叶片和绿色变异幼芽。所产生的紫红色不定芽在1/2MS +NAA 0.4 mg/L的培养基上可全部生根,长成完整植株。再生植株的移栽成活率达85%以上。     

南岭莪术的组织培养技术研究

以南岭莪术根茎上的芽为外植体,采用不同激素浓度的培养基对其进行了芽诱导、丛生芽继代、试管苗生根等研究。结果表明:在MS培养基中添加TDZ 0.05mg/L时,不定芽的诱导率最高,达到90%;丛生芽的增殖培养以MS+TDZ 0.3mg/L培养基为最佳,增殖倍数达到15.8,同时在芽的基部自发形成不定根;将长约3～4cm的生根苗切出,转入1/2MS基本培养基上壮苗,约4周后即可出瓶移栽,成活率达98%以上。     

大蒜离体快繁及脱毒

利用0.2—0.9mm的茎尖离体培养获得了‘紫皮’和‘白皮’大蒜的无病毒苗。无病毒苗移植大田可100％存活。茎尖培养以补加 2mg/l BA和0.6mg/l NAA的MS培养基为最佳。‘紫皮’蒜的繁殖效率可达600/200天,‘白皮’蒜为524/200天,都较常规繁殖高。大蒜茎尖再生植株经形态比较观察和染色体压片检查未发现异常现象,证明其遗传性稳定。     

Ⅰ-45杨的离体培养

以I-45杨带腋芽的茎段为外植体,研究其离体培养中的最佳培养基和激素配比,建立I-45杨再生系统。结果表明:最佳诱导培养基为MS+KT 0.5mg/L+NAA 0.02mg/L,诱导率为82.2%;最佳继代培养基为MS+KT 1.0mg/L+NAA 0.02mg/L;诱导生根的培养基为1/2MS+IBA 0.05mg/L,生根率达86.7%。