Future perspective of China's feed demand and supply during its fast transition period of food consumption

China has experienced dramatic changes in food consumption patterns over the last three decades. However, there are different opinions regarding the future trends in consumption. By adopting the well-developed partial equilibrium model-China Agricultural Policy Simulation Model(CAPSi M), the demand for livestock products and the main feed crops over 2011–2030 is predicted and analyzed. It is found that China's per capita consumption of livestock products will continue to rise during this period, even though its growth rate will slow down gradually. Meanwhile, the expansion of livestock production will pose great challenges for feed supply in China. More accurately, China will be confronted with feed security rather than grain security in the future.     

中英文对照专业时文

Utility computing Of the emerging technologies that will support extended utility computing between companies, Web services will likely play the largest role and will be the primary driver of utility computing. When you think of Web services, it is going…     

A BRIEF ANALYSIS ON SANTIAGO IN THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA

The purpose of this paper is to analyse Santiago‘s disposition and to describe his characteristics.Also,his dreams will be interpreted.Finally,the relationship between Santiago and Hemingway,the author himself,will be researched and discussed.     

Phytoextraction：A Cost-effective Approach to Metal-contaminated Soils

This paper will review the topic of phytoextraction,a major approach of phytoremediation, by clarifying the roles of hyperaccumulators, bio-mechanisms involved, issues regarding contaminant uptake, artificial chelation, genetic selection, and cultivation. The paper will also address the practical issues and the regulatory context of this emerging technology and briefly discuss avenues for future research.     

More children nutrition distribution,less labor incentive: Evidence from Chinese collective agriculture

Distribution system will affect the labor incentive that has been heatedly discussed by recent literatures. Using a unique micro dataset, this paper demonstrates that the equalitarian distribution system is one of the reasons for the insufficient labor incentive during the Chinese Collective Agriculture period. Specifically speaking, in the distribution of basic rations, the proportion for children(aged 1–3 and 4–7 years) was often beyond their nutrition demand, resulting the dissatisfaction of other families with more laborers and less children, thus these households will reduce their labor supply gradually. At the same time, the existence of outstanding accounts makes it a failure to use work points to buy distributions, which is the mechanism of the distribution system and insufficient labor incentive. All the results have been accepted by the robustness tests. The study will help to understand the distribution system and labor incentive, as well as the failure of the Chinese collective agriculture.     

Emission and Fixation of CO2 from Soil System as Influenced by Long-Term Application of Organic Manure in Paddy Soils

The observations of 25-yr long-term experiment in Zhejiang paddy soils showed that the soil organic matter could increase continuously with applying organic manure, and the increase in rate enhanced along with the application rates of organic manure. By mathematical modeling, the soil organic matter increased by 22 kg when 1 t of fresh FYM was applied. The CO2 emission resulting from the mineralization of soil organic matter increased with the increase in the application rate of the organic manure as well as the increase in the root residues. It is expected that the CO2 emission will be at 10.04-21.61 t ha^-1 yr^-1 when 16.5-49.5 t ha ^-1 yr^-1 of fresh FYM is applied. The soil organic carbon from mineralization and release of applied organic carbon （fresh FYM and root residues） will affect the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. So, the higher the application rate of organic manure, the more is the fixed organic carbon. The CO2 fixation will be at 1.885-3.463 t ha^-1 yr^-1 when 16.5-49.5 t ha^-1 yr^-1 of fresh FYM is applied. Thus, the CO2 fixation will increase by 46.7 kg by applying 1 t fresh FYM. To apply organic manure continuously in rice fields may reduce the contribution to the increase of CO2 concentration in the atmosphere.     

Based on Partial Least—squares Regression to Build up and Analyze the Model of Rice Evapotranspiration

During the course of calculating the rice evapotranspiration using weather factors, we often find that some independent variables have multiple correlation. The phenomena can lead to the traditional multivariate regression model which based on least square method distortion. And the stability of the model will be lost. The model will be built based on partial least-square regression in the paper, through applying the idea of main component analyze and typical correlation analyze, the writer picks up some component from original material. Thus, the writer builds up the model of rice evapotranspiration to solve the multiple correlation among the independent variables (some weather factors). At last, the writer analyses the mculel in some harts.and gains the satisfied result.     

Impacts of Climate Change on Water and Agricultural Production in Ten Large River Basins in China

The overall goal of this paper is to examine impacts of climate change on water supply and demand balance and their consequences on agricultural production in ten river basins in China. To realize this goal, China Water Simulation Model (CWSM) is used to analyze three alternative climate scenarios (A1B, A2 and B2). The results show that the impacts of climate change on water supply and demand balance differ largely among alternative scenarios. While significant impacts of climate change on water balance will occur under the A1B scenario, the impacts of climate change under the A2 and B2 scenarios will be marginal. Under the A1B scenario, the water shortage in the river basins located in the northern China will become more serious, particularly in Liaohe and Haihe river basins, but the other river basins in the southern China will improve their water balance situations. Despite larger impacts of climate change on water balance in the northern China, its impacts on total crops’ production will be moderate if farmers would be able to reallocate water among crops and adjust irrigated and rainfed land. The paper concludes with some policy implications.     

基于XML数据总线的企业信息门户设计与实现

EIP是解决企业应用集成的有效途径,设计一个基于XML的企业应用集成数据总线,提供以Web Serrices为封装方式,以XML格式的文本作为数据载体的数据接口,采用NET的N层体系结构.应用该方案成功实施了某高校房管处EIP建设,达到了预期的效果.

Abstract：

EIP (enterprise information portal) is an effective way to solve enterprise application integra-tion.A data bus of application integration based on XML has been designed, which adopts Web Service as package way and uses text of XML as data interface.At the same time, N-tier architecture of.NET has been used.Implemented in an estate management office of a university, it achieved the expected results.     

Re-examining Geos Neighbourhood for Its Energy Self-sustained Ability Through Ecological Footprints,Net Energy,and Life Cycle Assessment Tools

There are mounting evidences that human consume significant quantities of resources and have a major impact on the environment. Some research indicates that since the 1980 s human demands on the biosphere have exceeded its regenerrative capacity. One way to solve this problem is to minimize the inappropriate exploitation from environment.This essay will focus on energy self-sustained project, which is a specific way to reduce energy requirements. Energy self-sustained project refers to that energy production is equal to the amount consumed. Three concepts are quoted in the following to assess whether the project achieve zero-energy or not. First, ecological footprint, which provides an indication of the human load on the biosphere, is utilized to measure the inputs and outputs of the bioregion, which is also beneficial for defining the potential energy. Another one is life cycle assessment, which evaluates environmental load that relates to the entire life periodic system of a product, is helpful to measure the products used in the energy self sustained project. In addition, net energy, and gross resource abundance, definitions for selection, or hierarchy of different energy resources, can evaluate the new energy resources in project.Geos Neighbourhood, located in colorado, was planned as the largest net-zero energy neighbourhood in the United States. To meet the energy self sustainability,earth and sun power completely sustain the community's energy needs, and replace all fossil fuels. Compared with the traditional communities, Geos Neighbourhood minimize the adverse impact on the environment. As tools for assessment,ecological footprint, life circle assessment, and net energy, are all used to analyse the planning and design principles in the neighbourhood. By the research, the design principles and energy use in Geos Neighbourhood will be re-examined that whether the zero energy project achieves the reduction of ecological footprint, and energy self sustainability. In addition, life circle assessment will re-examine the materials used in the community also. Finally, the concept of ‘net energy' will test solar energy and earth power which is the major energy used in Geos Neighbourhood.     

Super Hybrid Rice

Plant breeders realize that, up to now, there are only two effective ways to in-crease the yield potential of crops through breeding, i.e. morphologic improvement and heterosis utilization. However, the potential is very limited by using morphologic improvement alone, and heterosis breeding will produce undesirable results if it does not combine with morphologic improvement. Any other breeding approaches and methods including high technology like molecular breeding must be incorporated in-to good morphologic characters and strong heterosis, otherwise there will be no actu-al contributions to yield increase. On the other hand , the further development of plant breeding for high target must rely on the progress of biotechnology.     

FRONTIERS OF FORESTRY IN CHINA Selected Publications of Chinese Universities

Aims. Frontiers of Forestry in China （ Selected Publications of Chinese Universities） aims to provide a forum for a broad blend of peer -reviewed academic papers in order to promote rapid communication and exchanges between forestry researchers in China and a- broad. It will reflect the enormous advances that are currently being made in Chinese universities in the field of forestry. The multidisciplinary character of this field will be typified by providing the readers with a wide range of articles that are collected from leading Chinese publications appealing to academia and beyond. In addition, this publication also bears the mission of introducing Chinese academic achievements to the world scene, by demonstrating the unique features and special status of the Chinese forestry research.     

Imperfect Competition and Common Resource Exploitation—An Analysis of Renewable Resource Management with Non—use Values

This article analyzes the importance of non-use values in the management of natural resources with a model of imperfect competition.By constucting a framework of duopolistic exploiters.the incorporation of non-use values based on self-interest and altruistic motives appears to be significant for determining the degree of inefficiency caused by the problem of common property at the non-cooperative Nash equilibrium.It is found that when the non-use value placed by the altruist exploiter is bounded by that placed by the pure selfinterest exploiter,the effect of market power is dominated by the effect of common exploitation.In this case,the exploiters‘ harvesting strategy will response in the same direction to the change of each other‘s harvesting at the non-cooperative Nash equilibrium.In contrast,when the non-use value placed by the altruist is substantially larger or smaller than that placed by the self-interest exploiter,one exploiter‘s increase in harvesting will lead to a decrease in harvesting of the other exploiter at the non-cooperative Nash equilibrium.     

Have you seen who's going to be at the new FIAAP/GRAPAS/Victam shows in Cologne?

<正>Three related shows will open for the very first time at the prestigious Koelnmesse (the Cologne Exhibition Centre)in Cologne,Germany from 3-5 May 2011.     

Overview of Impacts of Climate Change and Adaptation in China’s Agriculture

The purpose of this paper is to document the likely impacts of climate change on China＇s agriculture and the current adaptation efforts made by government and farmers. The review of literature shows that climate change will have a significant impact on agriculture, primarily through its effect on crop yields. The extent of predicted impacts highly depends on the crop, the CO2 fertilization effect assumption and adaptation abilities. Market response to the production shocks resulting from climate change will lessen the impacts on agricultural production predicted by natural scientists. On adaptation, the government＇s major efforts have been in the developing new technologies, reforming extension system and enhancing institutional capacity. Farmers do adapt to climate change, but their adaptation measures cannot fully offset the negative impacts of climate change. The paper concludes and makes implications for future studies.     

Increasing yield potential of hybrid rice through molecular breedingIncreasing yield potential of hybrid rice through molecular breeding

Rice is the staple food for more than half of the world population. The utilization of the wild abortive cytoplasmic male sterility （CMS） in 1970s has significantly raised rice yield potential. But the world＇s annual rice production will have to increase 70 percent over the next 30 years, to keep up with the demends of the growing population.     

Structured AJAX Data Extraction Based on Agricultural Ontology

More web pages are widely applying AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript XML) due to the rich interactivity and incremental communication.By observing,it is found that the AJAX contents,which could not be seen...     

Overview of Impacts of Climate Change and Adaptation in China's Agriculture

The purpose of this paper is to document the likely impacts of climate change on China’s agriculture and the current adaptation efforts made by government and farmers.The review of literature shows that climate change will have a significant impact on agriculture,primarily through its effect on crop yields.The extent of predicted impacts highly depends on the crop,the CO2 fertilization effect assumption and adaptation abilities.Market response to the production shocks resulting from climate change will lessen the impacts on agricultural production predicted by natural scientists.On adaptation,the government’s major efforts have been in the developing new technologies,reforming extension system and enhancing institutional capacity.Farmers do adapt to climate change,but their adaptation measures cannot fully offset the negative impacts of climate change.The paper concludes and makes implications for future studies.     

Teaching Locally,Engaging Globally to Enhance the Undergraduate Curriculum： A Social Science Research and Evaluation Perspective

The purpose of this project is to reach more students in food, agricultural, and environmental sciences with a globalized undergraduate curriculum, by providing contextually-rich reusable learning objects （RLOs） and authentic case studies that address multidisciplinary issues. Reusable learning objects （RLOs） are self--contained, digital learning activities that range in length from 2 to 15 minutes. RLOs can contain a wide array of media, including text, web sites, charts, maps, models, PowerPoint presentations, photos, case studies, simulations, video clips, audio clips, and assessments, Food and agricultural sciences faculty at the University of Florida, the University of Georgia, and Texas A＆M University have been selected to be part of a Faculty Learning Community that Will work together in curriculum and RLO development, and will participate in an international study experience funded by this project. For each experience, a group of approximately ten faculty and three project team members will spend roughly two weeks in a Latin American/Caribbean basin country. Various social science data collection processes and evaluation strategies will be the focus of the presentation. The use of preflective and reflective instruments to measure initial attitudes or beliefs about the context-rich multidisciplinary experience and expected gains from participating in the curricula development will be demonstrated.     

玛莉·麦当娜:永不过时的优雅

I'm really motivated by color combinations to the point where color will often direct the floor plan of a space.If I'm working with a moodier color,for example,I'll create smaller architectural spaces.--Mary McDonald