卵巢黄体类型与闭锁卵泡之间关系的探讨

通过对辽宁绒山羊不同黄体类型和闹锁卵泡的组织学研究，探讨了不同黄体类型与闭锁卵泡数量及其直径之间的关系。试验结果表明，辽宁绒山羊卵巢黄体类型的不同直接影响早期闭锁卵泡、晚期闭锁卵泡和完全闭锁卵泡的数量和直径。     

牛卵巢黄体状况与腔前卵泡采集数量的关系

根据牛离体卵巢黄体的不同状况，将31枚卵巢分为5种类型，并采用机构方法分离腔前卵泡，观察不同黄体状况卵巢与腔前卵泡采集数量的关系，结果表明，火山口型，圆锥型和蘑菇型3种大黄体的卵巢腔前卵泡采集量多，扁平片状和表面无黄体型卵巢腔前卵泡采集量较少，具有黄体状况的卵巢初级卵泡（Pm)采集数量多于无黄体类型卵巢，原始卵泡（Pf) 以3种黄体较大的卵巢采集数量最多，次级卵泡（Sc)则以黄体为火山口型卵巢为最多，说明卵巢黄体状况不同，其腔前卵泡采集数量有所不同。     

奶牛卵巢囊肿的治疗和预防

卵巢囊肿分卵泡囊肿和黄体囊肿,是奶牛不育最重要的原因。黄体囊肿通常在一侧卵巢上,是单个组织壁厚的闭锁卵泡;卵泡囊肿在一侧或两侧卵巢上,有一个或数个而且壁薄的闭锁卵泡。卵泡囊肿比黄体囊肿多见。此病偶尔也发现于未产犊的青年母牛和肉用牛。奶牛的发病率为5.6—18.8%或更高些。是发展     

卵巢大小及发育状况与牛腔前卵泡采集数量的关系

用简单机械分离法处理了 12 7枚成年牛卵巢。结果显示 ,在外观正常的卵巢中 ,腔前卵泡的采集数量与卵巢的大小成正相关关系 ,而有无黄体与腔前卵泡的采集数量无明显关系 ;卵巢上不同大小的可见卵泡的数量和分布与腔前卵泡的采集量有关。卵巢上可见卵泡分布均衡 ,大、中、小卵泡均有分布 ,小卵泡不过多以及无大卵泡 ,但中、小卵泡较多的 ,无论是否有黄体存在 ,均可获得较多腔前卵泡。而卵巢表面脂肪化、卵巢充血、有弥散性片状黄体及幼稚卵巢的 ,则腔前卵泡分离很少或几乎分离不到     

双峰驼卵巢的形态观察

在冬春季节里,通过对87个双峰驼卵巢进行观察测量,研究其形态及卵泡、黄体数量分布情况.空怀的双峰驼的卵巢上可看到许多大小不同的卵泡、红体、黄体.在整个发情期都有较多的卵泡分布,其卵泡和黄体明显突出,形状一般为球形或者半球形,边界清晰,与其它哺乳动物明显不同.单个卵巢卵泡数最多可达69个,直径最大可达3.31 cm,黄体...     

分离方法及卵巢发育状况对猪次级卵泡分离和采集的影响

试验以直径在200～300 μm的次级卵泡为研究对象,研究了不同分离方法和卵巢不同发育状况对猪次级卵泡分离和采集的影响.结果表明,显微分离法每个卵巢可采集的卵泡数极显著高于剪碎过滤法,显微分离法分离每个卵泡所用的时间极显著低于剪碎过滤法;有黄体和无黄体的卵巢对卵泡采集的影响差异不显著,但有黄体的卵巢分离的卵泡数稍多于无黄体的卵巢.     

猪卵巢细胞中凋亡抑制因子cFLIP在卵巢卵泡和黄体中的表达

采用免疫组织化学法检测猪卵巢中细胞凋亡调控蛋白即细胞内FLICE样抑制蛋白（Cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein,cFLIP）在猪卵巢卵泡和黄体中的表达水平。结果显示,在健康卵泡和功能性黄体中均能够观察到cFLIP的高度表达,而闭锁卵泡和退化黄体中cFLIP的表达显著减弱。结果表明,cFLIP作为一种细胞凋亡抑制因子,参与猪卵巢中的卵巢闭锁和黄体退化。     

双峰驼卵巢的组织结构

应用组织学方法对双峰驼卵巢的形态结构进行了显微与亚显微观察。结果显示 ,双峰驼卵巢表面被覆单层立方至单层扁平的生殖上皮 ,无排卵窝 ,上皮下为致密结缔组织白膜 ,卵巢实质由外周的皮质和中央的髓质构成。皮质中原始卵泡和初级卵胞数量稀少 ,其分布位置更靠近皮质中层 ,偶见同一卵泡内含 2个卵母细胞。体积大小和发育阶段不同的次级卵泡与三级卵泡闭锁时 ,所发生的形态变化不一致 ,可出现实心和囊状 2种闭锁卵泡。黄体中以粒性黄体细胞占优势 ,其细胞质中含大量脂质泡而呈海绵样。卵巢髓质中除含大量血管外 ,还见卵巢网分布     

猪卵巢发育的组织学变化及卵泡闭锁规律研究

旨在对不同日龄猪卵巢组织结构以及卵巢发育过程中卵泡闭锁规律进行研究。取3、40、50、60、72、86、95及165日龄猪卵巢各3例,采用常规石蜡切片、HE染色和TUNEL技术检测卵巢组织结构及卵泡闭锁规律,结果表明,猪卵巢发育从组织学上可分为卵原细胞增殖期、卵泡缓慢生长期及卵泡快速生长期3个阶段。卵原细胞增殖期主要以卵原细胞的增殖分裂为特点;在卵泡缓慢生长期,原始卵泡的数量随日龄增加逐渐减少,初级卵泡数量及体积则明显增加;至卵泡快速生长期,生长卵泡的数量及体积继续增大,其数量在86日龄达到最大值;72日龄卵巢中出现三级卵泡,至95日龄卵巢中出现近成熟卵泡。在各时期的卵巢组织,均可观察到卵原细胞及卵泡的闭锁现象,以原始卵泡的退化最为显著。TUNEL检测表明,在卵原细胞增殖期,可见大量原始卵泡及初级卵泡的闭锁,其闭锁主要源自卵泡卵母细胞的凋亡。在卵泡缓慢生长期,各级生长卵泡均可出现闭锁,初级卵泡的闭锁主要由卵母细胞的凋亡引起,也有部分是同时伴有卵母细胞和卵泡细胞凋亡的;次级卵泡的闭锁则主要由于颗粒层细胞的凋亡所致。在卵泡快速生长期,随着卵泡的快速生长,各级卵泡的闭锁也变得更加明显,次级卵泡及三级卵泡的闭锁主要是由颗粒细胞凋亡引起。     

母牛卵巢囊肿病因、症状及防治方法

由于某些因素使卵巢排卵机能和黄体的正常发育受到扰乱,而形成卵巢囊肿。卵巢囊肿可分为卵泡囊肿和黄体囊肿两种。是指在卵巢上形成囊性肿物,数量为1个到数个,其直径为1厘米至几厘米,牛卵巢囊肿主要是卵泡囊肿和黄体囊肿两种。另外,卵巢囊肿也可表现为子宫内膜性囊肿,包含物性囊肿和卵巢冠囊肿。卵泡囊肿是由于卵泡上皮变性,卵泡壁结缔组织增生变厚、卵细胞坏死、卵泡液未被吸收或者增多而形成的。黄体囊肿是由未排卵     

犬不同生殖周期阶段卵巢的组织结构观察

为了探讨犬卵巢组织结构和生殖周期阶段的相关性,试验对犬不同生殖周期阶段卵巢的外观形态和组织结构进行观察。结果表明,犬卵泡期、黄体期和乏情期卵巢体积分别为812.63、1081.80和446.03 mm³,黄体期高于卵泡期和乏情期(P＜0.05),卵泡期高于乏情期(P＜0.05);卵泡期、黄体期和乏情期卵巢质量分别为0.89、1.14和0.71 g,卵泡期低于黄体期且高于乏情期,但3者之间不存在显著性差异(P＞0.05);卵泡期卵巢中可见较多次级卵泡和少量成熟卵泡,黄体期卵巢中可见部分次级卵泡和闭锁卵泡,并有大量黄体存在,乏情期卵巢中卵泡类型主要以原始卵泡为主。可见,犬卵巢形态及组织结构与所处生殖周期阶段有关。     

藏绵羊卵巢组织学及卵泡超微形态的观察

旨在通过观察藏绵羊卵泡、黄体的组织学特征及卵泡的超微形态,探讨其与生理功能的关系.本研究运用大体解剖、常规组织切片和H.E染色及透射电镜技术对藏绵羊卵巢卵泡和黄体的组织结构特点以及卵泡的超微形态进行观察和分析.结果发现,藏绵羊黄体期和卵泡期卵巢的宽度和厚度存在显著差异(P＜0.05),而重量和长度无显著差异(P＞0.0...     

Histomorphological changes between short and long days in ovary guanacos (Lama guanicoe)

This is the first morpho-histological comparison of guanaco ovaries between reproductive (long-days) and non-reproductive (short-days) seasons, and oestrogen receptor-alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ) detection. Different stages of follicle development were found in the cortical area, but no corpus luteum was detected. The size and frequency of antral follicles and large atretic follicles were higher in long-day ovaries than short-days, consistent with ovarian activity in this season. Differential expression of ERα and ERβ was observed in follicles at different stages of development between short and long days. These data reveal histological and molecular differences between reproductive and non-reproductive seasons of guanaco ovaries.     

Lectin histochemical pattern on the normal and cystic ovaries of sows

The lectin histochemical pattern (LHP) was characterized and compared in normal and cystic ovaries of sows. Six biotinylated lectins (PNA, SBA, WGA, RCA‐1, DBA and UEA‐1) were used on tissue sections. In the normal ovaries, the reaction to UEA‐1 and SBA was mild to moderate in mesothelial and endothelial cells. RCA‐1 staining was mild to moderate in theca interna of growing follicles, corpora luteum and mesothelium. In addition, this lectin presented strong reaction in endothelial cells, granulosa cells of atretic follicles, zona pellucida of growing follicles and plasma. DBA showed strong intensity in mesothelial and endothelial cells. There was mild to moderate reactivity to WGA in granulosa cells, corpus luteum and theca interna of follicles in development, and moderate in zona pellucida, in granulosa cells of atretic follicles and mesothelium. PNA staining was mild to moderate in oocytes and in the adventitia and media of medullary arteries. Changes in the LHP of the cystic ovaries were noted; however, there were no differences in these findings between the follicular and luteinized cysts. UEA‐1 reactivity in the cystic ovaries was moderately reduced in the mesothelial and endothelial cells, whereas there was mild reduction in the DBA staining in the granulosa cells. Reaction to RCA‐1 and WGA in the cysts also was decreased in theca interna, zona pellucida and granulosa cells of atretic follicles. Furthermore, endothelium and theca interna in the cystic ovaries presented mild reduction of marcation to SBA, whereas there was decreased reactivity to PNA in the oocytes and adventitia and media layers of the medullary arteries. The results of the current study show that cysts modify the LHP in swine ovaries. These changes of glycoconjugates in many ovarian structures could modify diverse process and may be one of the reasons for decreased fertility in sows.     

Quantitative micromorphological study of the ovaries in sheep after estrus synchronization and superovulation in the autumn mating season

The quantitative micromorphological changes of tertiary follicles and corpora lutea (CL) were studied in ewes in the autumn mating season after oestrus synchronization, induced by administration of PGF2 alpha (Oestrophan Spofa) at a rate of 125 micrograms, and after superovulation, induced by administration of PMSG (Antex Leo, Denmark) at a rate of 1000 I. U., or PMSG at rates of 750 and 1000 I. U. together with 50,000 I. U. vitamin A (Axerophthol Spofa). The highest number of ovulations was obtained in ewes treated with 1000 I. U. together with vitamin A (3.4 +/- 3.0) and after administration of 1000 I. U. PMSG alone (2.6 +/- 2.74). The highest number of tertiary follicles was recorded in ewes after administration of PGF2 alpha. The proportion of tertiary atretic follicles was the highest in ewes after administration of PMSG (64.6%). The occurrence of the luteinizing form of atresia was recorded only in ewes treated with PMSG (4% of the total number of atretic follicles). Using the caryometric analysis of the luteal cells of corpora lutea, the ewes of the experimental groups had two-peak variation curves; this corresponds to the theory of the presence of two luteal types in the tissue of the corpus luteum in ewes. As determined morphometrically, the smallest proportion of connective tissue out of the total volume of ewes' ovaries was found after administration of 1000 I. U. PMSG together with vitamin A. Administration of vitamin A together with PMSG had a favourable influence on the over-all follicular response, on the average number of ovulations, and on the proportion of non-atretic follicles.     

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) inhibits progesterone and estradiol-17beta production from cultured granulosa cells: presence of TNFalpha receptors in bovine granulosa and theca cells

The aim of this study was to investigate whether functional tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) receptors are present in the granulosa cells and the cells of theca interna (theca cells), obtained from bovine follicles classified into one of three groups. Each group was defined as either small vesicular ovarian follicles (small follicles; 3-5 mm in diameter), preovulatory mature ovarian follicles (preovulatory follicles) or atretic follicles (12-18 mm) according to gross examination of the corpus luteum in the epsilateral or contralateral ovary and the uterus (size, color, consistency and mucus), and the ratio of progesterone (P(4)) and estradiol-17beta (E(2)) concentrations in follicular fluid. A Scatchard analysis showed the presence of a high-affinity binding site on both granulosa and theca cells from all follicles examined (dissociation constant: 4.7 +/- 0.15 to 6.9 +/- 1.40 nM). Moreover, TNFalpha receptor concentrations in granulosa and theca cells obtained from atretic follicles were significantly higher than those in the cells from preovulatory follicles (P<0.05). Exposure of cultured granulosa cells from small antral follicles to recombinant human TNFalpha (rhTNFalpha; 0.06-6 nM) inhibited E(2) secretion in a dose-dependent fashion (P<0.01), but did not affect P(4) secretion. In addition, rhTNFalpha inhibited follicle stimulating hormone-, forskolin- or dibutylyl cyclic AMP-induced P(4) and E(2) secretion by the cells (P<0.01). These results indicate the presence of functional TNFalpha receptors in bovine granulosa and theca cells in small, preovulatory and atretic follicles, and suggest that TNFalpha plays a role in regulating their secretory function.