鹿口蹄疫抗体间接ELISA检测方法的建立

以纯化的口蹄疫病毒作为包被抗原,建立了检测鹿口蹄疫抗体的间接酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）。最佳反应条件是：抗原包被质量浓度为40μg/mL,血清稀释度为1：100,检测的灵敏度为1：400。     

口蹄疫疫苗研究进展

接种疫苗是特异性预防口蹄疫的有效手段,安全有效的疫苗是成功预防、控制口蹄疫的先决条件.尽管口蹄疫新型疫苗的研制取得了一些阶段性成果,但常规疫苗仍然是防控口蹄疫的基础.论文综述了常规疫苗和正在研制的新型疫苗的现状,并对口蹄疫疫苗的发展趋势进行了展望.     

口蹄疫疫苗的研究历程

口蹄疫(FMD)是世界性重大动物疫病,接种疫苗是特异性预防口蹄疫的有效手段,安全有效的疫苗是成功预防、控制乃至最终消灭口蹄疫的先决条件,在口蹄疫的防控中,灭活疫苗功不可没,但同时也存在许多隐患。随着分子生物学、遗传学及免疫学等学科的迅猛发展,口蹄疫疫苗的研究也取得了较快的进展,各种基因工程疫苗如亚单位疫苗、合成肽疫苗、核酸疫苗、可饲疫苗、多表位疫苗等不断涌现,为口蹄疫的防控带来了新的希望。     

The Brucella Ovis Complement Fixation Test

Abstract

Extract

Sir:- For the effective control of ovine brucellosis it is imperative that veterinarians have both a sound knowledge of all aspects of the disease and access to reliable diagnostic tests. In recent years there have been a number of submissions to this journal, concerning the accuracy and use of the Brucella ovis complement fixation test, which have contributed to modifications being made to the test procedure, and we now have available a relatively reliable serological test.(3) Worthington, R.W. 1982. Serology as an aId to diagnosis: usa and abuses. N.Z. vet. J., 30: 93–97. [Taylor &; Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar] However, it is important to maintain a constant check on both the sensitivity (few false negatives) and the specificity (few false positives) of the test. In infected flocks the sensitivity of the test is important, but of equal concern is that the test be highly specific. False positive reactions can result in a considerable waste of veterinarians' and clients' time, money and patience to establish that falsely reacting rams are not infected. Worse, these reactions may result in the hasty culling of a non-diseased ram. This becomes of increasing concern as the disease prevalence decreases and more flocks become accredited as free from brucellosis.     

抗口蹄疫病毒策略研究进展

口蹄疫是偶蹄动物的一种烈性传染病,可使世界范围内的畜牧业遭受严重的经济损失。该病的防控方法主要包括扑杀、销毁病畜及其同群动物,对疫区内其它易感畜群和受威胁区的易感动物立即紧急接种对应型号的口蹄疫疫苗,除此之外,还需要有一些新的紧急抗病毒策略来弥补疫苗的不足,从而为易感动物及未感染动物提供及时的保护,作者着重综述了抗口蹄疫病毒策略的研究进展,主要包括IFN的应用、反义技术的应用、RNA干扰技术的应用三方面内容。     

口蹄疫诊断研究进展

口蹄疫是一种严重影响畜牧业生产,造成巨大经济损失的急性传染病,各国都采取了多种措施控制该病的发生.而防制口蹄疫的重要环节是要作出及时准确的诊断.随着对口蹄疫研究的不断深入,各种技术的不断出现,口蹄疫诊断技术也得到了空前发展.笔者就口蹄疫诊断方法,从传统的诊断方法、ELISA诊断方法、分子生物学诊断方法以及区分免疫动物和自然感染动物的研究进行了综述.     

The Complement Fixation Test for Brucella Ovis

Abstract

Sir:- A project to investigate the efficacy of the complement fixation test (CFT) for the diagnosis of Brucella ovis infection in rams has recently been completed. The investigation was undertaken by field and laboratory staff of the Division of Animal Health and several practitioners. The results of CFT's done with 3 antigens by waim and cold fixation methods (WCFT and CCFT) were correlated with results of cultures done of semen from the same rams. It is our aim to publish a full report in this Journal at a later date. In view of the widespread interest in the subject some of the important findings are summarised below:

• ? Semen and blood samples were collected from 541 rams in 40 flocks.

• ? The type of antigen which has been used for a number of years in New Zealand was unsatisfactory. The CCFT using this antigen had a sensitivity of only 85% in 124 rams which gave positive semen cultures. These rams came from 16 infected flocks.

• ? The CCFT using the best of the 3 antigens proved to be a remarkably reliable test. In the same group of infected animals mentioned above, 120 of the 124 infected rams had positive or suspicious CFT's. The sensitivity of the test was therefore 97%. The specificity was > 99% in 144 rams in 16 uninfected flocks. Only 1 suspicious titre was found in the uninfected group.

• ? In 4 flocks in which B. ovis was never isolated, 18 of 58 sera gave positive or suspicious reactions. Recognition of this type of 'problem flock' is therefore important. A history and clinical picture which does not agree with serological results should always be thoroughly investigated. Semen should be collected from an appropriate number of cases for bacteriological examination. It is suspected that at least some ‘problem flocks’ may contain unreported vaccinated animals. Further investigation of ‘problem flocks’ will be an aim of the Animal Health Division in the future.

     

The Complement Fixation Test For brucella Ovis

Abstract

Extract

Sir, — Correspondence in your journal has indicated that there is some divergence of opinion about the efficacy of the complement fixation (CF) test for the diagnosis of ovine brucellosis (Brucella ovis) ⁽¹⁾ Hicks, J. D., Burr, G. R., Marshall, D. R. and Vidier, B. M. 1978. CFT inaccurate for epididymitis. N.Z. vet. J., 24: 34–34.  [Google Scholar] ⁽²⁾ Bruére, A. N. and West, D. M. 1978. CFT inaccurate for epididymitis. N.Z. vet. J., 26: 115–115. [Taylor &; Francis Online] , [Google Scholar] ⁽³⁾ O'Hara, P. J., Anderson, L. D. and Weddell, W. 1978. N.Z. vet. J. CFT inaccurate for epididymitis, 26: 115–116. [Taylor &; Francis Online] , [Google Scholar] ⁽⁴⁾ Hicks, J. D., Burr, G. R. and Marshall, D. R. and. 1978. CFT inaccurate for epididymitis. N.Z. vet. J., 26: 135–135. [Taylor &; Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]. A number of letters which have recently been received at the Animal Health Reference Laboratory indicate that this issue is not yet fully resolved. We believe that part of the difficulty is due to misunderstanding about the use and interpretation of the test, and we would therefore like to comment.     

口蹄疫诊断技术的研究进展

综述了口蹄疫的诊断方法,包括临床诊断、病毒分离、血清学、分子生物学及一些新型的诊断技术,尤其对ELISA、PCR和基因芯片等快速、灵敏的诊断技术做以阐述,对其优缺点进行比较。     

口蹄疫合成肽疫苗研究进展

口蹄疫(FMD)是一种严重威胁世界畜牧业发展和国际进出口贸易的重大传染病。尽管FMD传统疫苗在免疫效力上具有一定优势,但其自身仍存在诸多弊端及隐患。随着分子生物学技术的飞速发展,及其在兽医领域不断取得的创新性应用,FMD合成肽疫苗作为新型基因工程疫苗的一种,以其具有更为广谱的特异性、更加安全稳定、经济实用等特点,现已成为FMD研究领域的主要热点及方向。论文从抗原位点的选择、空间构象的研究、疫苗载体的探索以及免疫佐剂的优化等多方面对FMD合成肽疫苗的发展过程及其研究进展进行了深入探讨,旨在为FMD合成肽疫苗的进一步发展以及其他病原微生物合成肽疫苗的深入研究提供借鉴。     

马媾疫微量补体结合的改良试验

利用美国国家兽医服务实验室(Natioanl Veterinary Services Laboratiories）提供的抗原、标准阳性／阴性血清和中国兽药监察所提供的溶血素、补体，建立马媾疫微量补体结合试验方法。该试验方法简便易行，结果易判定，重复性强，在不降低敏感性的条件下又缩短了试验时间。该方法的建立添补了我国血清学微量补体结合方法检测马媾疫的空白。     

Recent Outbreaks of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Type Asia 1 in China

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus is the aetiological agent of an important disease of livestock and has a great global impact. The outbreak of FMD type Asia 1 in China was first confirmed at the beginning of May 2005. Subsequent outbreaks occurred in 10 areas in different provinces of China.