红掌幼叶诱导组织培养技术研究

红掌深受市场青睐,但其组织培养繁殖技术未成体系。本研究以红掌‘特伦萨’的嫩叶为外植体,MS为基础培养基,探究添加6-BA、2,4-D和NAA对愈伤组织诱导、愈伤组织增殖、丛生芽诱导和丛生芽生根的影响。结果表明,愈伤组织诱导的最佳培养基是1/2MS+6-BA 0.5mg/L+2,4-D 0.5mg/L;愈伤组织增殖的最佳培养基是1/2MS+6-BA 0.5mg/L+2,4-D 0.2mg/L;丛生芽诱导的最佳培养基是MS+6-BA 0.5mg/L+NAA 0.2mg/L;丛生芽生根的最佳培养基是1/2MS+NAA 0.2mg/L;生根后的幼苗,移栽成活率高达100%。以期为红掌种苗扩繁提供参考。     

一品红的组织培养研究

以一品红腋芽、顶芽、茎段、嫩叶为初次诱导外植体,对一品红的组织培养途径进行研究,建立了一品红植株再生体系.结果表明:组织培养的取材部位为腋芽、顶芽和茎段.诱导愈伤组织外植体为茎段,培养基为MS+6-BA 0.5 mg/L+2,4-D 2.0 mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L.诱导丛生芽的外植体为腋芽、顶芽和愈伤组织,培养基配方为腋芽、顶芽:MS+6-BA 0.6mg/L+NAA0.1 mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L;愈伤组织:MS+6-BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L.丛生芽继代增殖的培养基配方为MS+6-BA 0.5mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L.生根培养基配方1/2MS+NAA 1.0 mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L.     

四川白花丹参与山东白花丹参的农艺性状和有效成分含量比较

以四川白花丹参(SCBH)为试材,以川丹参1号(SDC-1)、山东白花丹参(SDBH)和山东丹参(SD)为对照,采用统计测量法、高效液相色谱法(HPLC)和系统聚类分析法(UPGMA),对SCBH与CDS-1、SDBH和SD的植株地上部分形态特征、根部农艺性状以及主要有效成分含量的25个性状进行了比较和聚类分析,以期为丹参花色变异提供参考依据。结果表明：SCBH的表型特征与CDS-1相似度较高,与SD和SDBH有显著差异。聚类分析结果显示,SCBH与CDS-1的遗传距离较小,表明二者之间的亲缘关系较近;SCBH与SD和SDBH的亲缘关系较远。初步判断SCBH应是CDS-1的白花突变体。     

唐菖蒲组织培养技术研究

1 引言 唐菖蒲是鸢尾科唐菖蒲属的球茎类花卉,是商品切花的四大支柱之一.它的销售额在球茎、球根类花卉中占第一位.     

小茴香嫩茎的组织培养

以小茴香嫩茎为外植体,进行了组织培养研究.结果表明,适合诱导小茴香愈伤组织的最佳培养基为改良MS培养基 6-BA 1.5 mg/L NAA0.5 mg/L,诱导愈伤组织所需的时间最短,诱导率也高,形成的愈伤组织颜色浓绿,生长速度适中,质地致密;最佳生根培养基为改良MS培养基 6-BA0.5 mg/L NAA 1.0 mg/L,生根率高,生根数多,质量好.     

白花檵木组织培养玻璃化苗发生原因初探

随着生物工程的发展,蔬菜、水果的保鲜和无根豆芽的培育等技术被广泛应用。植物的组织培养可有效提高植物培养产量,为了提高果品及叶片的品质,必须采取措施抑制玻璃化苗的产生,提高试管苗的增值率。因此,植物组织培养玻璃化苗发生原因的初探具有重要意义。     

太行菊组织培养技术研究

以太行菊叶片、叶柄、茎尖和茎段为试材,采用MS培养基,在其中添加不同的激素对太行菊的不同外植体进行培养,研究了濒临灭绝的太行菊再生植株的方法。结果表明:太行菊的叶片、叶柄作为外植体诱导出愈伤组织的诱导率分别为44.44%和44.11%,所需时间较长,而茎尖、茎段作为外植体诱导愈伤组织诱导率分别为48.44%和68.75%,培养时间较短。茎段最适合作为诱导愈伤组织的繁殖材料。为了使茎段能更好的诱导出愈伤组织,课题组又对诱导茎段愈伤组织的激素浓度组合进行了研究,A组:MS+6-BA 1.0 mg·L^-1+NAA 0.5 mg·L^-1+2,4-D 0.1 mg·L^-1,B组:MS+6-BA 1.0 mg·L^-1+NAA 1.0 mg·L^-1+2,4-D 0.1 mg·L^-1,C组:MS+6-BA 2.0 mg·L^-1+NAA 0.5 mg·L^-1+2,4-D 0.1 mg·L^-1,D组:MS+6-BA 2.0 mg·L^-1+NAA 1.0 mg·L^-1+2,4-D 0.1 mg·L^-1。试验表明,C组激素浓度组合最适合太行菊茎段的愈伤组织诱导。35 d后愈伤组织不再增加后进行继代培养,45 d后将植株转移至生根培养基1/2MS+NAA 0.12 mg·L^-1中进行生根培养。     

白花败酱组织培养及快速繁殖研究

选取长势较好、无病害野生白花败酱植株的茎尖及茎段作为外植体进行组织培养,以MS为基本培养基,设计不同激素浓度配比试验,筛选最佳培养基配方。结果表明:采用0.1%HgCl2对外植体进行消毒,茎尖最佳消毒时间为10 min,茎段为15 min;最佳诱导培养基配方是MS+6-BA 3.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L,诱导率100%,增殖培养基MS+6-BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA0.2 mg/L,增殖倍数7.8;生根壮苗培养基是MS+NAA 1 mg/L+马铃薯5%。     

矮牵牛的组织培养和快速繁殖

用组织培养技术繁殖观赏花卉不仅可以保持其优良性状,而且能解决当前花卉的退化现象和不结种子或结种量少的问题,使花色纯化,使人们可以根据需要将其用于花坛、花境的造型、构图上.     

防风愈伤组织培养研究

以防风为试材,研究不同外植体、激素组合对愈伤组织诱导及不定芽分化的影响。结果表明:茎段是防风组织培养较为合适的外植体。茎段在添加2,4-D 2.0 mg/L+6-BA 1.0mg/L的MS培养基上愈伤组织诱导率最高可达100%,叶片在添加2,4-D 1.0 mg/L+6-BA 1.0mg/L的MS培养基上愈伤组织诱导率可达75%;继代后的愈伤组织转到6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA0.5 mg/L的MS分化培养基上进行分化,其分化率达72%。     

丹参开花与繁育特性研究

 通过田间观察和人工授粉等方法, 对丹参( Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. ) 的开花生物学和繁育特性进行了初步研究。结果表明: 丹参为无限开花植物, 总状花序上通常有两性花近50朵, 单花花期5～7d, 从花前2 d到开花6 h花粉活力和柱头可授性都较大, 两者有效可遇期约为1.5 d, 可同花自交; 丹参自交结实和自然结实主要是通过同株异花传粉获得; 结合花粉/胚珠比、杂交指数以及繁育处理的结果认为,丹参不存在无融合生殖, 繁育类型为兼性异交, 自交亲和, 需要传粉者; 传粉媒介主要是蜂类。初步推断丹参为常异花授粉植物, 并对丹参育种中适宜采用的杂交方法及育种途径进行了探讨。     

丹参细胞分裂素调控因子序列特征分析

细胞分裂素通过双元信号系统感知外界环境刺激并作出应答。其中细胞分裂素响应调控因子（response regulator,RR）是该双元信号系统中的重要构成。采用生物信息学的方法,对丹参（Salvia miltiorrhiza）细胞分裂素调控因子进行序列特征和组织表达特性分析。结果发现,丹参基因组中共有15个丹参细胞分裂素调控因子SmRR,序列比对与系统发生分析表明,SmRR1 ~ SmRR7与拟南芥A类RR亲缘关系比较接近,划分为A类RR,SmRR8 ~ SmRR15与拟南芥B类RR亲缘关系近,归为B类;在A类SmRR中,REC接受域含有保守的DDK残基,因此这些基因被推测有完整的功能,B类SmRR具有高度保守Myb_SHAQKYF结构域。两类SmRR的内含子、外显子组成也具有相对的保守性,顺式调控元件的分析发现,SmRR存在很多胁迫和生长调节物质的响应元件。表达量热图显示A类和B类SmRR基因分别在叶和根中表达量较高。     

氮磷钾配施对丹参生长和药用成分的影响

以"川丹参1号"为试材,采用氮、磷、钾三因素四水平正交实验设计,研究在底肥中施入不同比例氮磷钾对丹参各部位生物量和主要药用成分的影响,以期找出适宜丹参生长的最佳氮磷钾配施比例。结果表明:氮肥能增加丹参根条数以及根鲜质量,但过量的施用氮肥会抑制丹参酮类的积累;磷肥对株高存在抑制作用;钾肥对根长生长存在抑制作用。综合产量和品质因素考虑,在该试验条件下,以N₃P₂K₂效果最好,在大田应用中,尿素、过磷酸钙、硫酸钾施肥参数分别为495、1260、300 kg·hm^-2。     

文雅杜鹃组织培养研究

以文雅杜鹃1 a生半木质化茎段作外植体,以WPM为基本培养基,研究不同激素浓度和组合对文雅杜鹃不定芽诱导和生根的影响.结果表明:外植体在WPM+ZT 2.0 mg/L(单位下略)+IAA 0.5添加蔗糖30 g/L,琼脂4g/L,pH5.0的培养基上诱导率达83.33％;最佳继代培养基为WPM+ZT 0.8+NAA 0.05+蔗糖30 g/L+琼脂4g/L,pH 5.0;最适生根培养基为WPM+IBA 1.0+NAA 0.5+蔗糖30 g/L+琼脂7g/L+活性炭3g/L,pH 5.0,生根率为93％.     

Influence of Salvia miltiorrhiza injection on lipid and ICAM-1 expression in rats with atherosclerosis

AIM: To study the effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza injection on rat atherosclerosis (AS), and elucidate the possible mechanism. METHODS: Wistar rats were fed with fat-rich diet and high dose of vitamin D₃ to induce AS, then treated with Salvia miltiorrhiza injection. Concentrations of triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) in serum were measured by automatic serum biochemical assay. The level of ICAM-1 protein and mRNA were determined by Western blot and RT-PCR. RESULTS: Compared with the AS model group, the levels of TG and TC in serum were significantly lower in Salvia miltiorrhiza injection group (P<0.05). Western blot and RT-PCR showed that the level of ICAM-1 protein and mRNA were decreased in Salvia miltiorrhiza injection group compared with AS group. CONCLUSION: Salvia miltiorrhiza injection decreased blood lipid and reduced the ICAM-1 gene expression in rats with atherosclerosis.     

Salvia miltiorrhiza antagonized the alterations of contraction and intracellular calcium of rat ventricular cardiomyocytes induced by anoxia and reoxygenation

AIM:To study the effect of salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) on cell contraction and intracellular calcium of enzymatically isolated rat ventricular myocytes during normoxia and anoxia/reoxygenation.METHODS:Contraction and intracel ular calcium were determined with video tracking system and spectrofluorometric method,and the chemical anoxic method was employed. RESULTS:The ±dL/dt_max, dL of cell contraction and the amplitude of [Ca²⁺]_i in the cardiomyocytes following SM treatment were decreased in a dose-dependent manner. During anoxia, the ±dL/dt_max, dL and amplitude of [Ca²⁺]_i were decreased, while the diastolic Ca²⁺ level was elevated compared with control group. All the contractile parameters and the diastolic Ca²⁺ level were back toward pretreatment values during reoxygenation, but could not return to control level. After the treatment with SM (3 g/L), ±dL/dt_max and dL of cell contraction and the amplitude of [Ca²⁺]_i were higher and the diastolic Ca²⁺ level was lower than those in anoxia/reoxygenation group. CONCLUSION:SM antagonized effects of anoxia and reoxygenation on cell contraction and intracellular calcium in isolated ventricular myocytes.     

花毛茛组培快繁技术研究

以花毛茛初代培养无菌苗为试材,采用MS培养基,分别向培养基中添加不同配比的细胞分裂素6-BA和细胞生长素NAA,对花毛茛进行初代诱导、增殖培养,继代生根培养,并以不同比例泥炭、蛭石、珍珠岩、河沙为基质,对花毛茛进行炼苗移栽试验。结果表明:最佳初代诱芽培养基为MS+1.5 mg·L^-1 6-BA+0.2 mg·L^-1 NAA,诱导率达100%;增殖诱导愈伤组织培养基为MS+0.5 mg·L^-1 6-BA+0.1 mg·L^-1 NAA,增殖系数为5.0;继代生根培养基为1/2MS+0.2 mg·L^-1 NAA,生根率89.9%;移栽最适基质为泥炭∶河沙∶蛭石=6∶2∶2,成活率100%。     

灵丹菌质双向发酵工艺及药效品质研究

采用双向固体发酵工程技术,以灵芝为发酵菌株,在含有不同比例丹参边角料的培养基中进行发酵,观察了不同培养基中菌丝的生长情况,测定了发酵产物（灵丹菌质）中多糖、蛋白质、三萜、丹参酮的含量变化,并研究了其提取物对小鼠活血化瘀功效的影响。结果表明灵丹菌质的最佳发酵组合为组合4,发酵40d,多糖含量26.48μg·g-1,蛋白质含量为397.24μg·g-1,灵芝酸三萜含量为4.92%。药效学实验显示,灵丹菌质组合4具有活血化瘀的药效,优于丹参药材。     

象牙白花兰种子及茎尖培养与原球茎形态发生

 象牙白花兰授粉后5 个月的种子开始具有较高的萌发率; 椰乳或适量激素有利于种子的萌发;种子在萌发后胚发育形成原球茎, 原球茎经过增殖, 分化出叶片和根系, 形成完整的小植株。从播种到小植株的形成历时约7 个月。茎尖在MS + NAA 0. 1 + BA 3. 0 (单位: mg·L^-1 , 下同) + 椰乳10 %的培养基上诱导产生原球茎; 原球茎在MS + NAA 0. 1 + BA 5. 0 的培养基上增殖, 在无激素培养基上分化成芽; 小芽在附加7 %香蕉汁和3 %马铃薯汁的1/ 2 MS 培养基上诱导出根而再生完整小植株。不同pH 值、光照强度和培养方式对增殖效果有显著影响。     

Effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge.f.alba. on mitochondrial damage and apoptosis induced by cerebral ischemia and reperfusion

AIM: To observe the effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge.f.alba. (Sal) on the mitochondrial ultra-structure, oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by ischemia injury in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion.METHODS: The middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) rat model was established by a modified Longa occlusion method. Adult male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, simple ischemia reperfusion group, Sal with ischemia reperfusion group and butylphthalide with ischemia reperfusion group. To study the protective effects of Sal and its mechanism, the intervention of Sal was given and the ultra-structure of mitochondria, functions of mitochondria under oxidative stress and the incidence of apoptosis of brain cells were determined.RESULTS: Many electron dense toxic granulation and vacuolus in mitochondria were observed in the rat brain of focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. Under the condition of ischemia and reperfusion, the mitochondria membrane was disaggregative, and the tubular cristae of mitochondrion disappeared. MDA content was obviously increased and the activity of glutathione peroxidase decreased significantly. The apoptosis of brain cells were observed in a great quantity. The changes of ultra-structure of mitochondria and the activity of GSH-Pxase were significantly improved by the treatment of Sal. Furthermore, treatment with Sal delayed the decrease of GSH-Pxase activity, and inhibited the increase in MDA content in brain tissue after ischemia and reperfusion. The incidence of apoptosis of brain cells was also decreased.CONCLUSION: Sal protects the brain tissue from ischemia injury.