5个山羊品种PRKAG3基因5’调控区和外显子13杂合度分析

以3个中国地方山羊品种和2个引入山羊品种为研究对象,采用PCR-RFLP方法检测山羊PRKAG3基因5’调控区和外显子13的多态性。结果在5个山羊品种PRKAG3基因的5’调控区发现C-525A和C-225T多态位点,在外显子13发现T90C和C102T多态位点,分别存在一对等位基因。5个山羊品种在C-525A、C-225T和C102T位点均为低度多态,但在T90C位点存在中度多态(0.25相似文献   

合作猪SLA-DQB基因第3外显子多态性分析

以合作猪为试验材料,采用PCR-SSCP检测442只合作猪SLA-DQB基因第3外显子的多态性,克隆测序群体内变异产生的各等位基因序列,构建系统发育树以明确合作猪SLA-DQB基因等位基因之间的遗传关系.结果表明:合作猪SLA-DQB基因第3外显子中表现了7个基因型,其中有4个新等位基因,分别命名为B、C、D、E,序列分析中发现了11个核苷酸多态位点,这些多态位点主要由点突变形成,其中转换9个(占81.82%),颠换2个(占18.18%).表明合作猪SLA-DQB基因第3外显子具有丰富的遗传多态性,群体中可能蕴藏着更多的抗性遗传资源.     

The LDL receptor gene: a mosaic of exons shared with different proteins

The multifunctional nature of coated pit receptors predicts that these proteins will contain multiple domains. To establish the genetic basis for these domains (LDL) receptor. This gene is more than 45 kilobases in length and contains 18 exons, most of which correlate with functional domains previously defined at the protein level. Thirteen of the 18 exons encode protein sequences that are homologous to sequences in other proteins: five of these exons encode a sequence similar to one in the C9 component of complement; three exons encode a sequence similar to a repeat sequence in the precursor for epidermal growth factor (EGF) and in three proteins of the blood clotting system (factor IX, factor X, and protein C); and five other exons encode nonrepeated sequences that are shared only with the EGF precursor. The LDL receptor appears to be a mosaic protein built up of exons shared with different proteins, and it therefore belongs to several supergene families.     

“3S”在作物模型中的应用与展望

回顾了遥感和地理信息技术在作物模型中应用的主要方面及其发展过程,分析了遥感、地理信息系统和作物模型相结合的方法和技术难点,并对未来“3S”技术在作物模型中的应用作了展望。     

3S集成技术在土地利用变更调查中的应用研究——以“二调”（湖南汉寿农村部分）土地利用变更为例

结合全国第二次土地调查的年度土地利用变更调查中3S集成方法应用的实际项目经验,大致介绍了3S集成技术的应用背景,详细介绍了变更调查的技术流程,并对3S集成技术应用在变更调查项目中的一些不足做出了总结,提出了改良意见,如：土地变更信息自动提取、不同坐标系转换等问题。     

Structure of a dinucleotide: thymidylyl-(5'-3')-thymidylate-5' (pTpT)

The crystal and molecular structure of the naturally occurring deoxyribose dinucleotide sodium thymidylyl-(5'-->3')-thymidylate-5' has been determined by x-ray diffraction. There are four molecules of dinucleotide and 52 water molecules in an orthorhombic unit cell of dimensions (in angstroms) a = 16.06, b = 15.13, c = 15.65, space group P2(1)2(1)2. There is a very high degree of conformational consistency between the two halves of the molecule when the dinucleotide is viewed as the combination of two 5'-mononucleotides. The planes of the two thymines are not parallel, but are tilted 38 degrees with respect to each other. An extensive system of hydrogen bonding exists involving the bases, waters, phosphates, and sodiums; no base-base hydrogen bonding occurs. The dinucleotide structural parameters should be of assistance in interpreting DNA fiber diagrams in terms of possible structures.     

Adenosine 3'5'-monophosphate: inhibition of complement-mediated cell lysis

An increase in adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) in rat mast cells, achieved by stimulating the cells with prostaglandin E(1), by preventing cyclic AMP breakdown with aminophylline, or by adding exogenous dibutyryl cyclic AMP, prevented complement-mediated cytolysis as assessed by both histamine release and vital dye exclusion. Dibutyryl cyclic AMP also suppressed water-induced osmotic lysis.     

黄淮山羊FSHβ基因第2外显子SSCP多态性研究

采用PCR-SSCP技术检测分析黄淮山羊FSHβ(follicle-stimulating hormone β)基因第2外显子多态性.结果显示,黄淮山羊FSHβ基因有AA、AB和AC 3种基因型,基因型频率分别为O.851 4,0.121 6和0.027 0:AB型与AA型相比在47 bp和147 bp两处发生C→T突变,AC型与从型相比在147 bp和156 bp两处分别发生C→T和G→A突变.     

Crystal structure of a naturally occurring dinucleoside monophosphate: uridylyl (3',5') adenosine hemihydrate

The crystal structure of uridylyl (3',5') adenosine hemihydrate has been analyzed by x-ray diffraction. The two independent molecules found in the asymmetric unit exhibit conformations that differ significantly from those found in double-helical RNA. The conformational information obtained from this analysis provides considerable insight into the possible conformations of nonhelical "loop" regions of transfer RNA, as well as single-stranded regions of nucleic acids in general.     

Adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate in pancreatic islets: glucose-induced insulin release

Glucose-induced release of insulin from perifused rat islets is associated with elevated islet adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate. If values for adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate are compared to insulin release during theophylline or glucose stimulation and theophylline plus glucose stimulation, it suggests a minor role for adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate in directly stimulating insulin release but a prominent role in modulating glucose-induced release of insulin.     

Cyclic 3',5'-nucleotide phosphodiesterase: cytochemical localization in cerebral cortex

The distribution of cyclic 3',5'-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity in rat cerebral cortex was determined by cytochemical methods. The detectable phosphodiesterase activity was localized in postsynaptic (dendritic) nerve endings, most of it immediately adjacent to the synaptic membrane. Most of the postsynaptic nerve endings showed phosphodiesterase activity.     

Metabolism of 3',4'-dichloropropionanilide: 3,4-dichloroaniline-lignin complex in rice plants

Rice plants (Oryza sativa L. var. Bluebonnet 50) metabolize the herbicide 3',4'-dichloropropionanilide to 3,4-dichloroaniline, which in turn conjugates with carbohydrates. Soluble aniline-carbohydrate complexes account for only a small fraction of the hydrolyzed 3',4'-dichloropropionanilide. The major portion of the 3,4-dichloroaniline moiety is found complexed with polymeric cell constituents, mainly lignin. The aniline is lignin-bound as 3,4-dichloroaniline and not as 3',4'-dichloropropionanilide.     

中国5个牛种leptin基因外显子3的多态性分析

利用改进的DNA提取方法和PCR-RFLP技术,对南阳牛、秦川牛、西镇牛、鲁西牛(地方黄牛品种)和荷斯坦奶牛等5个牛品种的263头个体lep tin基因外显子3多态性进行了分析。结果表明,牛lep tin基因外显子3长度为330 bp,存在H aeⅢ和Ap aⅠ限制性内切酶的酶切位点,但在这2个酶切位点上无多态性,2种酶酶切片段长度均为70 bp和260 bp。说明牛lep tin基因外显子3在H aeⅢ和Ap aⅠ2个酶切位点上具有保守性。     

Adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate is localized in cerebellar neurons: immunofluorescence evidence

Adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate is localized in specific cerebellar neurons, as shown by fluorescence immunocytochemistry with a specific rabbit immunoglobulin. Positive staining is exhibited by Purkinje neurons and granule cells. The increase in concentration of cyclic adenosine monophosphate in the cerebellum, which is known to follow decapitation, is represented by greatly increased fluorescence of Purkinje neurons only. These immunofluorescence data provide the first evidence for localization of cyclic adenosine monophosphate in specific neurons and may permit further exploration into the role of this cyclic nucleotide in neuronal function.     

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone: regulation of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate in ovarian granulosa cells

The antigonadal effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in ovarian granulosa cells are due to attenuation of the adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) response to follicle-stimulating hormone. Agonists of gonadotropin-releasing hormone progressively inhibit adenylate cyclase and stimulate phosphodiesterase activities in cultured granulosa cells, indicating that blockade of gonadotropin action is attributable to the combined effects of decreased production and increased degradation of cyclic AMP.     

Tyrosine aminotransferase: enzyme induction independent of adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate

The importance of adenyl cyclase and adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate in the induction of tyrosine aminotransferase by adrenocorticosteroids has been tested in HTC cells derived from a rat hepatoma and grown in tissue culture. Adrenocorticosteroids cause a 10-to 15-fold increase in the rate of synthesis of tyrosine aminotransferase in these cells. Under various experimental conditions, with or without glucocorticoids, neither adenyl cyclase nor cyclic adenosine mono-phosphate could be detected in HTC cells. In addition, neither the cyclic nucleotide nor N(6), O(2')-dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate caused increased activity of the transaminase in HTC cells. We conclude that induction of tyrosine aminotransferase by glucocorticoids is not mediated by the adenyl cyclase-cyclic adenosine monophosphate system.     

牛双芽巴贝斯虫GST-HSP20(exon)融合蛋白间接ELISA检测方法的建立

[目的与方法]以纯化的牛双芽巴贝斯虫GST-HSP20(exons) 融合蛋白作为检测抗原,通过优化ELISA反应条件,建立了检测牛双芽巴贝斯虫血清特异性抗体的新型间接ELISA方法.[结果]方阵试验确定的GST-HSP20抗原的最适包被浓度为5 μg/mL,血清最佳稀释倍数为40倍,ELISA阳性反应的临界值为OD450≥0.292,批内和批间重复试验的变异系数均小于10;.HSP20间接ELISA方法能排除GST的干扰,与其它梨形虫病无交叉反应,与巢式PCR检测方法的阳性符合率为96;.[结论]所建立的ELSIA检测法重复性好、特异性强、灵敏度高.这是国内首次利用重组蛋白建立的牛双芽巴贝斯病血清学诊断方法,为大规模地进行牛巴贝斯虫病的流行病学调查和血清学诊断提供有效的技术手段.